Objective To determine the prevalence and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) among citizens in Ningbo. Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling was applied to select 8 neighborhoods and 3 villages out of 7 districts in Ningbo, people who were older than or equal to 40 years were enrolled as subjects. Information on the prevalence rate and treatment conditions of COPD was collected through respiratory symptoms and treatment questionnaire and lung function screening. Results A total of 5865 people were screened, 5674 of them met inclusion criteria and completed questionnaire and lung function test. Among whom, 3044 people were men (53.6%, the average age is 55.7±11.4), 2630 women (46.4%, the average age was 55.3 ± 10.7);473 of them were diagnosed with COPD, the overall prevalence rate was 8.3%, including 354 cases who had never been diagnosed as COPD, accounted for 74.8% of the total cases diagnosed with COPD, mainly in stage ⅠandⅡof the disease. There were statistically significant differences between diagnosed and undiagnosed patients in the overall COPD group and among different gender groups ( stagesⅠandⅡ) and (stagesⅢandⅣ). Among the 473 COPD cases, 119 (diagnostic yield 25.2%) of whom had been diagnosed with bronchitis, only 48 (41.2%of the diagnosed) received drug treatment, only 13 patients were treated regularly with medication. Conclusion The overall prevalence rate of COPD among those over 40 years of age in Ningbo was quite high and mainly had stagesⅠandⅡof the disease. The number of the diagnostic yield and those who received regular treatment are quite low. The current situation of diagnosis and treatment are far from satisfaction, management of COPD should be strengthened to reduce the burden for family and society.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of montelukast combined with moxifloxacin in the treatment of cough of acute bacterial bronchitis. METHODS:A total of 139 cases of cough of acute bacterial bronchitis selected from out-patient department of Ningbo Yinzhou District Qianhu Hospital during Jan.-Dec. 2016 were divided into control group(69 cases) and observation group(70 cases)according to random number table. Control group was given Moxifloxacin hydrochloride tab-lets 0.4 g,po,qd;observation group was additionally given Montelukast sodium tablets 10 mg,po,once every night,on the basis of control group. Both groups were treated for 6 d. Cough symptom scores,peripheral blood WBC and CRP contents were compared between 2 groups before and after treatment. Clinical efficacies,the occurrence of ADR and clinical outcome were ob-served in 2 groups. RESULTS:Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in cough symptom scores,peripheral blood WBC or CRP contents between 2 groups(P>0.05). Compared to before treatment,cough symptom scores,peripheral blood WBC and CRP contents of 2 groups were decreased significantly after treatment,and the cough symptom score of observa-tion group after 3 d of treatment was significantly lower than that of control group at the same time,with statistical significance (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in above indexes between 2 groups after 6 d of treatment(P>0.05). Cure rate of observation group was 64.29%,which was significantly higher than 44.93% of control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). Response rates of observation group and control group were 97.14% and 97.10%,there was no statistical signifi-cance(P>0.05). No ADR was found in 2 groups during treatment,and good clinical outcome was obtained. CONCLUSIONS:Montlukast combined with moxifloxacin not only relieve cough symptom and inflammation,but also improve cure rate significantly with good safety.

OBJECTIVE:To observe therapeutic efficacy and safety of budesonide and formoterol in the treatment of acute exacerbation of mild to moderate asthma.METHODS:A total of 89 patients with acute exacerbation of mild to moderate asthma were randomized divded into study group (45 cases) and control group (44 cases).Study group was given Budesonide and formoterol dry powder inhalation,one inhalation,q6 h,gargling 5 times after inhalation,6 inhalation per day at most+Montelukast tablet 10 mg orally,once a day.Control group received Prednisone tablet 25 mg orally after breakfast,once a day,d1-5+Theophylline sustained-release capsule 0.2 g,twice a day+Montelukast tablet 10 mg,once a day in the evening.Both groups were treated for 5 d.Acute AQLQ score,FEV1,PEF％pred and SpO2 were observed in 2 groups before and after treatment,and the occurrence of ADR was recorded.RESULTS:Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in acute AQLQ score,FEV1,PEF％pred or SpO2 between 2 groups(P＞0.05).After treatment,acute AQLQ score,FEV1,PEF％pred and SpO2 of 2 groups were significantly higher than before treatment,with statistical significance (P＜0.05),but there was no statistical significance between 2 groups (P＞ 0.05).There was statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 group(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Budesonide and formoterol can improve pulmonary ventilation function and prognosis in patients with acute exacerbation of mild to moderate asthma with good safety.

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Ningbo area .Methods Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from the Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University School of Medicine , Ningbo First Hospital , and Ningbo Ninth Hospital during January 2010 and December 2013 were collected .The clinical distribution of the strains was analyzed , and the antimicrobial susceptibility was determined with Kirby-Bauer method.WHONET 5.6 software was used for data analysis.Results A total of 1 757 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were collected in 4 years, accounts for 6.6% (1 757/26 544) of total bacterial strains isolated.Among 1 757 strains, 622 (35.4%) were isolated from intensive care unit ( ICU), and 322 (18.3%) from respiratory department.Most strains (1 045/1 757, 59.5%) were isolated from sputum specimens , followed by urine and succus prostaticus (148/1 757, 8.4%), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (116/1 757, 6.6%), pus and wound secretion (237/1 757, 4.6%) .Strains were highly resistant to most commonly used antibiotics , and the resistance remained steady during four years.While the positive rates of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) were increased, which were 35.8%,45.8%,44.5% and 54.3% in each year.Conclusion Pseudomonas aeruginosa presents a wide clinical distribution and high resistance to multiple antibiotics in Ningbo area .

case of schwannoma with hemorrhagic cystic degeneration in the right upper mediastinum was admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University in July 2010. The patient shows symptoms of cough and shortness of breath. He received video-assisted thoracoscopic resection of right upper mediastinal mass. This disease displayed different symptoms depending on tumor size and location.
Humans ; Male ; Mediastinum ; pathology ; Neurilemmoma ; diagnosis ; pathology

Objective To understand the cognitive level of urban and rural general practitioners in the concept, diagnosis and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and to provide the basis for continuing medical education in basic level hospital for all general practitioners. Methods General practitioners from 21 urban community health service centers (group A) and 27 of the rural community health service centers (group B) were surveyed on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease knowledge through a anonymous questionnaire, the survey contents included five aspects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease such as basic concept, diagnosis, grouping diagnosis, treatment on stable phase and acute exacerbation. Results The correct rates of five questions in group A were 25.89%, 17.26%, 5.58%, 4.06%, 18.78 and in group B were 8.97%, 8.55%, 5.13%, 4.27%, 17.52%. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease concept and diagnosis, there was significant difference between two groups(χ2=21.99, P<0.05 and χ2=7.41, P<0.05) . Conclusion The level of the cognitive of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) among the general practitioners is very poor, and is strong against to the management work of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We need more continuing medical ed-ucation on "the guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease " among the urban and rural general practitioners.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of thin prep cytology test(TCT) in central lung cancer. Methods All 127 patients suspected central lung cancer were detected by transbronchial needle aspiration(TBNA). The patients were randomly assigned into two groups, the group of conventional smear,CS (62 cases) and the group of CS+TCT(65 cases). The sensitivity and specificity of two methods were compared. Results The sensitivity and specificity of CS were 75.9%and 100.0% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of CS+TCT were 96.2% and 100.0% respectively. The sensitivity of CS+TCT was significantly higher than sensitivity of CS in diagnosis of lung cancer (P=0.000046<0.01). Conclusion Combination of CS and TCT techniques can improve the TBNA diagnostic sensitivity of lung cancer. TBNA-TCT detection methods should be applied to clinical activites.

Objective To investigate the multi-drug resistance of Klebsiella strains and its mechanism.Methods Twenty strains of Klebsiella were isolated from the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Ningbo University from October 2009 to March 2011,in which 18 isolates were Klebsiella pneumonia and 2 were Klebsiella planticola. Drug sensitivity was determined by K-B tests. Drug resistant genes gyrA,parC (chromosome mediated) and aac( 6′)-I b-Cr,qnrA,qnrB,qnrS,qepA (plasmid mediated) were amplified by PCR and verified by direct automated fluorogenic sequencing. Results Resistance to β-1actams,aminoglycosides and quinolones was observed in 20 strains,and resistant rates were all above 80％.Klebsiella planticola strains were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.Mutations of gyrA and parC genes existed in 18 strains (90％),and the positive rates of aac (6') -I b-C r,qnrB and qnrS were 60％ (12/20),20％ (4/20) and 20％ (4/20),respectively.Conclusion The mutations ofgyrA and parC genes may be the main cause of the resistance to quinolones in these strains.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii.METHODS A.baumannii was collected in our hospital from Jan 2003 to Dec 2006.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk-diffusion method.RESULTS A total of 548 A.baumannii were collected during 4 years.Of these isolates,130(23.7%) strains were from intensive care unit(ICU),190 strains(34.7%)from surgical,and others from medical and emergency departments.Most of strains(78.5%) were isolated from sputum,next from wound.The prevalence of A.baumannii was increasing during last 4 years.Results of susceptibility test showed that imipenem was the most active antibiotic against A.baumannii.The resistance rates were high to most antibiotics.Most of the resistant strains was from the ICU and the general ward differentand had significant difference.More than 50% of isolates were resistant to all antimicrobial agents tested except imipenem and ciprofloxacin in ICU.CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of A.baumannii is increasing.A.baumannii isolates show high resistance to multiple antibiotics,especially in ICU.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical efficacy of cefoperazone/sulbactam(Sulperazon) for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).METHODS A total of 136 cases of AECOPD were randomized into cefoperazone/sulbactam group and ceftazidime group,and sputum culture of each case was underwent before and after treatment.RESULTS The total efficacy rates and bacterial clearance rates in cefoperazone/sulbactam group and ceftazidime group were 91.18%,96.67% and 70.59%,75.86%,respectively,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant.CONCLUSIONS It suggested that cefoperazone/sulbactam be a more effective drug for AECOPD.