OBJECTIVE To construct a predictive model for evaluating the efficacy of a triple antiemetic regimen （neurokinin- 1 receptor antagonist+5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonist+dexamethasone） for preventing nausea and vomiting induced by highly emetogenic chemotherapy （HEC） based on interpretable deep learning algorithms. METHODS Clinical data of cancer patients who received HEC and were treated with the standard triple antiemetic regimen in the oncology department of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were collected retrospectively. Demographic， clinical and metabolism-related variables were integrated. After data pre-processing， two deep learning algorithms （deep random forest and dense neural network） and four machine learning algorithms （support vector machine， categorical boosting， random forest and decision tree） were used to build predictive models. Subsequently， model performance evaluation and model interpretability analysis were conducted. RESULTS Among the six candidate models， the deep random forest model demonstrated the best predictive performance on the test set， with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.850， an accuracy of 0.911， a precision of 0.805， a recall of 0.783， an F1 score of 0.793， and a Brier score of 0.075. Interpretability analysis revealed that creatinine clearance rate （Ccr） was the key predictive factor， and low Ccr levels， female gender， younger age， highly emetogenic drugs （particularly cisplatin-containing chemotherapy regimens）， and anticipatory nausea and vomiting were positively correlated with the risk of HEC-related nausea and vomiting. CONCLUSIONS The deep random forest model exhibits the best performance in predicting the efficacy of triple antiemetic regimen for preventing HEC-related nausea and vomiting. The key predictors in this model primarily include Ccr，anticipatory nausea and vomiting， gender， age， and highly emetogenic drugs.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases in elderly men, the incidence of which gradually increases with age and leads to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) are widely used for the treatment of BPH in China and some other countries. To explore the molecular mechanisms of CHMs for BPH, we conducted a review based on peer-reviewed English-language publications in PubMed and Web of Science databases from inception to December 31, 2023. This article primarily reviewed 32 papers on the use of CHMs and its active compounds in the treatment of BPH, covering animal and cell experiments, and identified relevant mechanisms of action. The results suggest that the mechanisms of action of CHMs in treating BPH may involve the regulation of sex hormones, downregulation of cell growth factors, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects, inhibition of cell proliferation, and promotion of apoptosis. CHMs also exhibit α-blocker-like effects, with the potential to relax urethral smooth muscle and alleviate LUTS. Additionally, we also reviewed 4 clinical trials and meta-analyses of CHMs for the treatment of BPH patients, which provided initial evidence of the safety and effectiveness of CHMs treatment. CHMs treatment for BPH shows advantages as a multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway therapy, which can mitigate the severity of the disease, improve LUTS, and may become a reliable treatment option in the future.
Prostatic Hyperplasia/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Male ; Animals

ObjectiveTo evaluate the supportive policies for caregivers issued in China, and analyze the structures and contents. MethodsThe national supportive policies for family caregivers in China within the past decade were text-mined using ROSTCM 6.0. Secondary indicators were established according to the Policy Modeling Consistency (PMC) index model combining with World Health Organization six blocks of health services. ResultsThe average PMC score was 7.38. There were seven good policies and three accepted policies. The policies covered well in publicity, recipients and functions, and needed to improve in incentive and restraint. ConclusionChina's policies have played a positive role in supporting family caregivers. It is needed to reduce the burden on family caregivers and improve their welfare.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Shugan Quyu Jiedu prescription （SGQYJDF） on inducing ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells based on the tumor protein 53 （p53）/solute carrier family 7 member 11 （SLC7A11）/glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4） pathway. MethodMHCC97H cells were divided into the blank serum group （10% blank serum medium）， SGQYJDF-containing serum low concentration group （5% SGQYJDF-containing serum and 5% blank serum medium）， SGQYJDF-containing serum medium concentration group （7.5% SGQYJDF-containing serum and 2.5% blank serum medium）， SGQYJDF-containing serum high concentration group （10% SGQYJDF-containing serum medium） and sorafenib group （sorafenib concentration of 10 μmol·L^-1 in 10% blank serum medium）. After 24 hours of intervention， the cell survival rate was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay. The cell proliferation ability was detected by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine （EdU） staining. The intracellular ferrous ion （Fe²⁺） level was detected by ferrous ion fluorescent probe （FerroOrange） staining. The intracellular malondialdehyde （MDA） and glutathione （GSH） levels were detected by colorimetric assays. The ultrastructure of mitochondria was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins p53， SLC7A11 and GPX4 were detected by Western blot. ResultIn terms of cell viability， compared with the blank serum group， the SGQYJDF group showed a dose-dependent decrease in the survival rate of MHCC97H cells. Effect of the medium and high concentrations of SGQYJDF on the survival rate of MHCC97H cells were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Additionally， the results of the EdU assay showed that both the medium and high concentrations of SGQYJDF were able to inhibit the proliferation ability of MHCC97H cells （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Regarding the biochemical indicators of ferroptosis， compared to the blank serum group， the medium and high concentrations of SGQYJDF were able to dose-dependently increase the intracellular Fe²⁺ level （P<0.01）. The low， medium， and high concentrations of SGQYJDF were able to dose-dependently decrease the level of GSH in MHCC97H cells （P<0.01） and increase the level of MDA in the cells （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In terms of pathway-related protein expression， compared to the blank serum group， the medium and high concentrations of SGQYJDF could significantly increase the expression of p53 （P<0.01）. The low， medium， and high concentrations of SGQYJDF could significantly decrease the expression of GPX4 （P<0.01）. The high concentration of SGQYJDF could decrease the expression of SLC7A11 （P<0.01）. In terms of the cell morphology of ferroptosis， compared with the blank serum group， transmission electron microscopy revealed that the low concentration of SGQYJDF caused mitochondrial deformation， while the medium and high concentrations of SGQYJDF resulted in reduced mitochondrial volume， increased double-layer membrane density， and decreased mitochondrial cristae. These features were similar to those of sorafenib-induced ferroptosis. Furthermore， compared with the sorafenib group， the high concentration of SGQYJDF showed no statistically significant differences in cell survival rate， proliferation ability， Fe²⁺ level， MDA level， and GSH level. ConclusionThe results suggest that SGQYJDF may induce ferroptosis and inhibit proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma MHCC97H cells by upregulating the expression of p53， suppressing the expressions of GPX4 and SLC7A11， downregulating the level of GSH， and leading to the accumulation of intracellular Fe²⁺ and MDA.

Child ; Humans ; Mpox (monkeypox)/prevention & control* ; Disease Outbreaks

Objective:To analyze the factors affecting overall survival(OS)of adult patients with core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia(CBF-AML)and establish a prediction model.Methods:A total of 216 newly diagnosed patients with CBF-AML in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2015 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The 216 CBF-AML patients were divided into the training and the validation cohort at 7:3 ratio.The Cox regression model was used to analyze the clinical factors affecting OS.Stepwise regression was used to establish the optimal model and the nomogram.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,calibration curve and decision curve analysis(DCA)were used to evaluate the model performance.Results:Age(≥ 55 years old),peripheral blood blast(≥80％),fusion gene(AML1-ETO),KIT mutations were identified as independent adverse factors for OS.The area under the ROC curve at 3-year was 0.772 and 0.722 in the training cohort and validation cohort,respectively.The predicted value of the calibration curve is in good agreement with the measured value.DCA shows that this model performs better than a single factor.Conclusion:This prediction model is simple and feasible,and can effectively predict the OS of CBF-AML,and provide a basis for treatment decision.