Objective:To investigate the related factors and prognosis of invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess syndrome (IKLAS). Methods:The in-patients diagnosed with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from January 2015 to February 2021 were retrospectively enrolled. The patients were divided into IKLAS group and non-IKLAS group according to whether they had IKLAS or not. The clinical data between the two groups were compared, including the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, the details of liver abscess, clinical symptoms such as fever and abdominal pain, as well as laboratory tests such as glycosylated hemoglobin and hemoglobin. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test or independent sample t test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing the occurrence of IKLAS. Results:A total of 75 patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess were enrolled, including 55 patients (73.33%) in the IKLAS group and 20 patients (26.67%) in the non-IKLAS group. Fifty-two point seven three percent (29/55) of the patients had diabetes mellitus and 12.73%(7/55) of the patients had abdominal pain in the IKLAS group, which were 20.00%(4/20) and 45.00%(9/20) in the non-IKLAS group, respectively, and the differences were both statistically significant ( χ2=6.38 and 7.28, respectively, both P<0.05). Most of liver abscesses were single (50/75, 66.67%), and more likely to occur in the right liver (50/75, 66.67%). The maximum diameter of liver abscess in the IKLAS group was (4.58±2.04) cm, which was smaller than that in the non-IKLAS group ((6.49±3.11) cm), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.82, P=0.011). Compared with those in the non-IKLAS group, patients in the IKLAS group had higher glycosylated hemoglobin (8.69%±2.64% vs 6.18%±1.31%) and hemoglobin ((112.25±22.04) g/L vs (100.05±18.59) g/L), and the differences were both statistically significant ( t=-4.25 and -2.21, respectively, both P<0.05). The proportion of patients using antibiotics combined with abscess drainage in the IKLAS group was 38.18%(21/55), and that in the non-IKLAS group was 85.00%(17/20). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=12.86, P<0.001). A total of 16 patients (21 eyes) were diagnosed as endogenous Klebsiella pneumoniae endophthalmitis (EKPE), and all of them were IKLAS patients, and 14 patients underwent monocular/binocular eyeball injection and/or vitrectomy and silicone oil filling. The visual acuity of 13 patients decreased significantly. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that complicated with diabetes mellitus was an independent risk factor for IKLAS (odds ratio ( OR)=5.02, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.01 to 25.03, P=0.049). The large diameter of liver abscess was a protective factor for IKLAS ( OR=0.64, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.86, P=0.003). Conclusions:The patients with IKLAS have less abdominal pain, and most of them complicate with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of IKLAS, while the large diameter of liver abscess is a protective factor. EKPE is associated with poor visual prognosis.

AIM:To investigate the changes of retinal microcirculation after phacoemulsification and the influencing factors of visual acuity.METHODS: Retrospective analysis. A total of 264 cataract patients(264 eyes)who underwent phacoemulsification in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected as the study objects. Patients were divided into < 0.3 group(66 eyes)and ≥0.3 group(198 eyes)according to the recovery of best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)at 3 mo after surgery. The changes of retinal microcirculation indexes were compared before and after treatment. Logistic regression and LASSO regression models were used to screen the influencing factors of postoperative BCVA. A nomogram prediction model of postoperative BCVA was constructed and verified. A restricted cubic spline Logistic regression model was established to analyze the dose-response relationship between end-diastolic velocity(EDV), peak systolic velocity(PSV)and the risk of BCVA recovery.RESULTS: At 3 mo postoperatively, EDV and PSV were significantly improved compared with those before treatment, and resistance index(RI)levels were significantly lower than those before treatment(all P<0.05). Preoperative EDV, PSV, aqueous humor cell grade, fundus lesion grade, advanced age and Emery grade were influencing factors for poor BCVA recovery after phacoemulsification in cataract patients(P<0.05). The AUC before and after validation of the nomogram model by Bootstrap method were 0.869(95%CI: 0.815-0.903)and 0.866(95%CI: 0.802-0.895), respectively. The sensitivity was 88.36% and 88.27%, and the specificity was 91.82% and 91.78%, respectively. Restricted cubic spline model analysis showed no nonlinear dose-response relationship between EDV and PSV levels and the risk of poor BCVA recovery in either male or female(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: After phacoemulsification, retinal microcirculation in cataract patients improved significantly. EDV, PSV, aqueous humor cell grade, fundus lesion grade, advanced age and Emery grade are all factors influencing poor BCVA recovery after cataract surgery.

After kidney transplantation,the recipients have been under long-term immunosuppression due to the use of immunosuppressive drugs,and they are high-risk population of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia(PJP).The risk of PJP is the highest within 6 months after kidney transplantation and after intensified anti-rejection therapy.Fever,dry cough,progressive dyspnea and hypoxemia are common clinical manifestations of PJP after kidney transplantation.Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(TMP-SMX)can effectively prevent and treat PJP,and significantly reduce the incidence rate and fatality of PJP.To standardize the diagnosis,treatment and prevention of PJP after kidney transplantation,Branch of Organ Transplantation of Chinese Medical Association organized relevant Chinese experts to formulate the"Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia After Kidney Transplantation in China"based on clinical concerns,aiming to provide guidance for the prevention and comprehensive clinical treatment of PJP after kidney transplantation.

Objective To investigate the effect of respiratory training based on core stability training on feedforward control in pa-tients with chronic nonspecific low back pain(CNLBP). Methods A total of 60 patients with CNLBP in Jiaxing Second Hospital from January,2022 to March,2023 were ran-domly divided into control group(n=30)and experimental group(n=30).Both groups received health educa-tion,physical factor therapy and core stability training,while the experimental group received respiratory training in addition,for four weeks.Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)score,Japanese Orthopaedic Association low back pain(JOA)score and Oswestry Dysfunction Index(ODI)were compared between two groups before and after treat-ment,while surface electromyography was used to detect the root mean square(RMS)and integrated electromy-ography(iEMG)of transversus abdominis,multifidus and triceps(movement muscles),and the activation se-quence and relative activation time of transversus abdominis,multifidus and triceps were calculated. Results After treatment,the scores of VAS,JOA and ODI improved significantly in both groups(|t|>8.515,P<0.001),and the scores were better in the experimental group than in the control group(|t|>2.089,P<0.05).RMS and iEMG of transversus abdominis and multifidus improved significantly after treatment in both groups(|t|>18.831,P<0.001),and were significantly better in the experimental group(|t|>3.481,P<0.05).The transversus abdominis and multifidus in both groups were activated before the movement muscles,and the relative activation time of transversus abdominis and multifidus increased in negative(|t|>48.115,P<0.001),the experimental group being better(|t|>3.229,P<0.05). Conclusion Combination of core stability training and respiratory training is beneficial in reducing the pain of patients with CNLBP,reducing the lumbar dysfunction,improving the order of muscle activation,and strengthening feed-forward control.

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of Corynebacterium striatum and the clinical characteristics of the patients infected or colonized with these strains.Methods The C.striatum strains isolated from clinical specimens were collected in Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from July 2020 to September 2022.The clinical data were analyzed to examine the clinical characteristics of patients with C.striatum colonization or infection.The susceptibility of these strains to 18 antimicrobial agents were tested by broth microdilution method.The gyrA gene related to quinolone resistance determining region was amplified and sequenced to analyze the position of amino acid mutations.The ribosomal methylase gene ermX and aminoglycoside enzyme gene aphA1 were amplified by PCR and sequenced.Results Antimicrobial susceptibility testing indicated that all of the 72 strains were susceptible to vancomycin,linezolid and daptomycin.All stains were resistant to ceftriaxone,ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin.The C.striatum strains showed high resistance rate to penicillin(87.5％),cefepime(95.8％),meropenem(95.8％),trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(90.3％),erythromycin(98.6％)and clindamycin(98.6％),but relatively lower resistance rate to gentamycin(25.0％),tetracycline(30.6％)and rifampicin(23.6％).Sequencing analysis indicated that 3 strains of C.striatum had single mutation of gyrA gene(Ser87Val),67 strains had double mutations(Ser87Phe,Asp91Ala or Ser87Tyr,Asp91Ala)and 2 strains had three point mutations(Ser87Phe,Ala88Pro and Asp91 Ala),which was newly identified in this study.The ermXgene was detected in all of the isolates and the prevalence of aphA1 gene was 43.1％.The 72 strains of C.striatum were mainly isolated from ICU(65.2％)and lower respiratory tract specimen(91.6％).The average age of patients was 68.0±15.3 years old.About 72.2％(52/72)of the C.striatum strains were isolated from the patients with infection and 27.8％(20/72)were colonizers.Compared to the patients colonized with C.striatum,the patients with C.striatum infection had statistically significant higher percentages of hospital stay ≥ 28 days,cerebral hemorrhage,disturbance of consciousness and disease deterioration(P＜0.05).Conclusions All of the 72 C.striatum isolates were multidrug resistant,and the outcome of patients with C.striatum infection was relatively poor.

Objective To explore the otherness of orthotopic injection of cell suspensions and transplantation of tumor tissue blocks to establish orthotopic implantation models of hepatocellular carcinoma in mice,and to provide a technical reference for the establishment of an orthotopic implantation model.Methods Healthy KM mice were divided into four groups:group A,direct injection of H22 cells;group B,direct injection of H22 ascitic cells;group C,transplantation of tissues;and group D,direct injection of saline.Activity and weight changes were observed regularly in each group and survival times were recorded.Liver tumor formation,tumor size,abdominal organ adhesion degree,and metastasis were observed in all groups.B-ultrasound imaging was performed,concentrations of alpha fetoprotein(AFP)and abnormal prothrombin(DCP)were detected,and liver histopathological changes were detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining.Results Mice molding operation time in groups A,B,and C were(3.36±0.44)min,(3.30±0.41)min,and(5.68±0.65)min,respectively.After modeling for 25 days,the rates of model formation in groups A,B,and C were all 100.0%.Severe abdominal adhesions occurred in 40.0%of mice in group A and 60.0%in group B,but in no mice in group C or D.Ascites occurred in 40.0%,100.0%,and 0.0%and abdominal wall tumors in 30.0%,60.0%,and 0.0%of mice in groups A,B,and C,respectively,while 40.0%of mice in group B also had liver metastasis.B-ultrasound imaging,detection of serum AFP and DCP levels,and histopathological result showed smooth liver margins,uneven echo and slightly lower echo mass,maintained high AFP and DCP secretion,and large numbers of inflammatory cells and tumor cells in mice in groups A,B,and C.Conclusions At day 25,all three methods can thus be used to establish orthotopic transplantation models of HCC.Among these,inj ection of cell suspensions demonstrated the advantage of simplicity in operation and the presence of multiple metastatic nodules within the liver,compared to transplantation of tumor tissue.Conversely,transplantation of tumor tissue showed the advantage of causing less impact on the abdomen and other organs when compared to inj ection of cell suspensions.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features of adult deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) with neurological impairment.Methods:The clinical data of an adult DADA2 patient with concurrent neurological damage who visited the Department of Neurology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University on September 18, 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical studies or case reports related to adult DADA2 with nervous system involvement from Pubmed, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were retrieved, and the clinical characteristics of adult DADA2 with neurological damage were summarized. The clinical data of children with nervous system involvement in the same study cohorts were also collected, and the clinical features of DADA2 between adults and children were compared.Results:The patient was a 30-year-old male, mainly presenting with manifestations of livedo reticularis, stroke and spastic paraplegia. Genetic testing showed a compound heterozygous mutation in the adenosine deaminase 2 ( ADA2) gene, and brain MRI showed lacunar infarcts in the right basal ganglia and thalamus, hypertrophic inferior olivary degeneration. The literature review found that a total of 22 adult DADA2 patients with neurological damage have been reported, with a onset age of 25 (19, 29) years. Stroke was the most common feature of neurological involvement in patients with this disease (17/22, 77.3%), followed by cranial nerve damage (7/22, 31.8%) and limb nerve damage (8/22, 36.4%). After the treatment with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, the condition of 17/20 patients remained stable or improved. Compared with pediatric DADA2 patients with concurrent neurological damage, the incidence of fever [12/22(54.5%) vs 48/59(81.4%)], arthritis [6/22(27.3%) vs 34/59(57.6%)], and hematological abnormalities [4/22(18.2%) vs 28/60(46.7%)] in adult DADA2 patients was significantly reduced, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=5.998, 5.907, 5.489, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Adult DADA2 with concurrent neurological damage generally onset in early adulthood, mainly manifested as stroke, and may also be accompanied by peripheral nerve damage. Adult patients have fewer systemic symptoms than children, and timely treatment with TNF inhibitors can lead to better outcomes.

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis E in Fujian Province from 2012-2021, and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of hepatitis E in the future. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze hepatitis E cases in Fujian Province from 2012 to 2021. Results From 2012 to 2021, a total of 8 877 cases of hepatitis E were reported in Fujian Province from 2012-2021. The overall incidence rate showed a decreasing trend (χ2trend =458.14, P<0.001), with the lowest incidence rate of 1.32/100 000 in 2020 and an annual average incidence rate of 2.29/100 000 per year. The incidence was higher in winter and spring, with the months of March and April having the highest number of reported cases (2 146, 24.17%) and the fewest cases were reported in September (571, 6.43%). The difference in reported incidence rates between cities was statistically significant (χ2=1 877.75, P<0.01). The comprehensive experimental zone of Pingtan had the highest average reported incidence rate of 6.03/100 000, while Zhangzhou had the lowest at 0.94/100 000. The number of male cases was higher than the number of female cases, with a male to female ratio of 2.04∶1. The disease was most prevalent among middle-aged and elderly individuals, with the age group of 40-<65 years having the highest number of reported cases, accounting for 57.44% (5 099/8 877) of all cases. The age group of 50-<55 years had the highest reported incidence, with the number of reported cases increasing with age below 50 years, but decreasing with age over 50 years. As for occupational distribution, peasants had the highest proportion of the disease, accounting for 34.49% (3 062 cases) of the total cases. Conclusions The reported incidence rate of hepatitis E in Fujian showed a downward from 2012 to 2021. Due to the impact of COVID-19, incidence of the lowest was 2020, but it did not reflect the true situation of the disease, which may have affected trend of hepatitis E. In order to control and reduce the incidence of hepatitis E, efforts should be made to increase publicity and education on health knowledge and vaccination among key areas and populations, strengthen monitoring and diagnostic capability, and implement comprehensive prevention and control measures.

Pulmonary blast injury has become the main type of trauma in modern warfare, characterized by externally mild injuries but internally severe injuries, rapid disease progression, and a high rate of early death. The injury is complicated in clinical practice, often with multiple and compound injuries. Currently, there is a lack of effective protective materials, accurate injury detection instrument and portable monitoring and transportation equipment, standardized clinical treatment guidelines in various medical centers, and evidence-based guidelines at home and abroad, resulting in a high mortality in clinlcal practice. Therefore, the Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized military and civilian experts in related fields such as thoracic surgery and traumatic surgery to jointly develop the Clinical treatment guideline for pulmonary blast injury ( version 2023) by combining evidence for effectiveness and clinical first-line treatment experience. This guideline provided 16 recommended opinions surrounding definition, characteristics, pre-hospital diagnosis and treatment, and in-hospital treatment of pulmonary blast injury, hoping to provide a basis for the clinical treatment in hospitals at different levels.

Objective:To study the clinical features of transthyretin amyloid polyneuropathy (ATTR-PN) caused by Ser77Tyr mutation.Methods:The clinical data of a patient with ATTR-PN caused by Ser77Tyr mutation, admitted to our hospital from Department of Neurology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, were retrospectively analyzed. Literature on patients with ATTR-PN caused by Ser77Tyr mutation in Pubmed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang databases and those with ATTR-PN caused by Val30Met mutation in Pubmed and Web of Science were searched and screened, and clinical characteristics of these patients were extracted. The differences of clinical characteristics among patients with ATTR-PN caused by Ser77Tyr or Val30Met mutations were compared.Results:(1) Transthyroxin ( TTR) gene Sanger sequencing results showed Ser77Tyr heterozygous pathogenic mutation; Congo red staining of biopsy sample in the patient 2.5 years after onset showed amyloid deposition. (2) Seventy-eight patients with ATTR-PN caused by Ser77Tyr mutation were summarized, they mostly had onset at 50-60 years old; male patients had higher incidence (74.4%); most patients (78.0%) had positive family history; most patients had sensory symptoms as initial symptom (72.0%), which gradually progressed to extensive peripheral nerve involvement and combined with widespread heart damage (96.4%) over several years; electrophysiological examination mainly showed axonal damage and carpal tunnel syndrome; the tissue biopsy had high positive rate(84.8%). (3) There were 192 and 96 patients with ATTR-PN caused by early-onset and late-onset Val30Met mutations, respectively; compared with patients with ATTR-PN caused by early-onset Val30Met mutation, patients with ATTR-PN caused by Ser77Tyr mutation had significantly higher incidence of deep sensory disturbance (28.6% vs. 58.5%, P<0.05). Compared with patients with ATTR-PN caused by late-onset Val30Met mutation, patients with ATTR-PN caused by Ser77Tyr mutation had increased incidence of mild sensory disturbance (56.3% vs. 75.0%) and decreased incidence of limb weakness (65.6% vs. 48.3%), with significant differences ( P<0.05). ATTR-PN patients caused by Ser77Tyr mutation had significantly higher incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome than ATTR-PN patients caused by early-onset and late-onset Val30Met mutations (75.4% vs. 10.8% and 25.0%) and significantly higher incidence of cardiac damage than ATTR-PN patients caused by early-onset Val30Met mutation (96.4% vs. 80.5%, P<0.05). Conclusion:Ser77Tyr mutation has some distinctive clinical features: relatively balanced damage of large and small fibers, prominent carpal tunnel syndrome, and obvious heart disease; early identification of these features and administration of tissue biopsy and gene detection are helpful for early diagnosis.