Objective: To establish a database of CD36 antigen-negative donors through large-scale screening of apheresis platelet donors in Shenzhen for CD36 deficiency subtypes and blood group distribution, and to assess clinical demand and blood supply capacity through a retrospective analysis of the apheresis platelet donation volumes from 2019 to 2023. Methods: Flow cytometry with fluorescent CD36 monoclonal antibodies was employed to screen platelet/monocyte CD36 deficiency (Type I and Ⅱ), and statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software (version 27.0). Results: Among 11 603 apheresis platelet donors, 248 (2.14%) exhibited CD36 deficiency, comprising 51 type Ⅰ (0.43%, 51/11, 603) and 197 type Ⅱ (1.70%, 197/11, 603) cases, with significant difference (P<0.001). CD36 deficient platelets were mainly distributed in blood group B (2.28%, 902.3/39 602.1) and AB (2.14, 269/12 544.5), significantly exceeding those in blood group A (1.43%, 667/46 508.4) and O (1.64%, 1 000/60 965.6) (P<0.001). The proportion of donors with 10-100 U from CD36 deficient donors was the highest (51%, 1 446.4/2 838.3). Conclusion: Sustained screening for CD36-deficient donors is recommended to meet the clinical transfusion needs for immunized patients and those requiring antigen-negative products. Regional resource-sharing mechanisms should be optimized to maximize utilization of CD36-deficient platelet inventories.

AIM:To investigate the therapeutic effect of enteric-coated sustained-release new dosage form of tadalafil on mice with renal fibrosis caused by unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO).METHODS:Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups randomly:sham group,UUO group,UUO+new dosage form of tadalafil(1 mg/kg)group and UUO+original patented drug of tadalafil(5 mg/kg)group.Surgery was performed to create a mouse UUO model,and therapeutic drugs were administered intragastrically for 7 d after modeling.A fully automated biochemi-cal analyzer was used to detect serum creatinine(SCr)levels of each group.Through renal histopathological staining(HE staining,Masson trichrome staining,and immunohistochemistry staining)and Western blot,we assessed the therapeutic effect of enteric-coated sustained-release new dosage forms of tadalafil on kidney fibrosis in mice,as well as its effect on the expression and distribution of fibronectin(FN)and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA).RESULTS:Compared with sham group,the SCr levels were significantly increased in mice with renal fibrosis,and renal tubules were dilated and in-filtrated with inflammation.Moreover,the expressions of FN and α-SMA were increased significantly(P<0.05).New dosage form and the original patented drug tadalafil both significantly reduced SCr levels in mice with renal fibrosis,im-proved the renal tissue structure on the affected side,reduced collagen fiber deposition,and inhibited FN and α-SMA ex-pression(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Enteric-coated sustained-release new dosage form of tadalafil reduces the deposit of extracellular matrix in kidney interstitial tissue and attenuates fibrosis and renal function damage caused by ureteral ob-struction.New dosage form of tadalafil has significant advantages over the original patented drug because the low dose and high effectiveness.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)is a complex clinical syndrome of acute liver function deterioration on the basis of chronic liver diseases,characterized by hepatic and/or extra-hepatic organ failure and a high short-term mortality rate.At present,there is still a lack of effective treatment methods,and the mortality rate of ACLF reaches 50%-90%after comprehensive medical treatment.A simple,rapid,and accurate prognostic prediction model for ACLF can help clinicians accurately judge the prognosis of ACLF patients in the early stage,identify the patients with poor prognosis,and provide early interventions,which can improve patient prognosis to some extent and help to reduce mortality rates.With the continuous development of computer science and increasingly powerful data processing capabilities,artificial intelligence is gaining more attention and has been applied in various aspects of liver diseases including diagnosis,treatment,and prognostic prediction.With reference to the current status of research in China and globally,this article reviews the common prognostic models for ACLF and machine learning-based prognostic prediction models and summarizes the latest research advances,in order to provide new perspectives for the future development of prognostic prediction models for ACLF.

Blast injury of the chest injury is the most common wound in modern war trauma and terrorist attacks, and is also the most fatal type of whole body explosion injury. Most patients with severe blast injury of the chest die in the early stage before hospitalization or during transportation, so first aid is critically important. At present, there exist widespread problems such as non-standard treatment and large difference in curative effect, while there lacks clinical treatment standards for blast injury of the chest. According to the principles of scientificity, practicality and advancement, the Trauma Society of Chinese Medical Association has formulated the guidance of classification, pre-hospital first aid, in-hospital treatment and major injury management strategies for blast injury of the chest, aiming to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To compare the clinical application of Da Vinci robot surgical system (RSS) with traditional open surgery (TOS).Methods From Feb 2015 to Jul 2016,48 cases of upper abdominal surgical disease patients were divided into RSS group (23 cases) and TOS group (25 patients) randomly.Results The anesthesia time [(194 ±16)min vs.(181 ±11)min,t=3.262,P=0.002] and operation time [(167 ± 14) min vs.(158 ± 14) min,t =2.292,P =0.027] were much longer in the RSS,while the blood loss during operation significantly less than the TOS [(128 ± 62) ml vs.(190 ± 86) ml,t =-2.886,P =0.006].The RSS has obvious advantages in 24 h-drainage [(69 ± 27) ml vs.(114 ± 54) ml.t =-3.680,P =0.001],time to out-of-bed activity [(27.7 ± 8.0) h vs.(35.7 ± 9.9) h,t =-3.067,P =0.004],BPS,postoperative exhausting time[(27.2 ±5.9)h vs.(32.8 ±8.3)h,t =-2.690,P =0.01] and length of hospital stay [(10.4 ± 1.8) d vs.(11.8 ± 1.9) d,t =-2.600,P =0.013].But the total hospital cost was higher in RSS [(117 000 ± 10 000) yuan vs.(77 000 ± 8 000) yuan,t =15.087,P =0.000)].Conclusions The RSS is a much minimally invasive surgery,reducing blood loss and postoperative pain,promoting rapid recovery,shortening hospital stay.

PURPOSE: MicroRNAs (miRs) were recently recognized to be important for immune cell differentiation and immune regulation. However, whether miRs were involved in allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) remains largely unknown. This study sought to examine changes in miR-146a and T regulatory cells in children with persistent allergic rhinitis (AR) after 3 months of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). METHODS: Twenty-four HDM-sensitized children with persistent AR were enrolled and treated with SCIT (n=13) or SLIT (n=11) for 3 months. Relative miR-146a and Foxp3 mRNA expression, the TRAF6 protein level, and the ratio of post-treatment to baseline IL-10+CD4+ T cells between the SCIT and SLIT groups were examined in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of AR patients using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis, respectively. Serum levels of IL-5 and IL-10 were determined using ELISA. RESULTS: After 3 months of SIT, both the TNSS and INSS scores were significantly decreased compared to the baseline value (P<0.01). The relative expression of miR-146a and Foxp3 mRNA was significantly increased after both SCIT and SLIT (P<0.01). The ratio of post-treatment to baseline IL-10+CD4+ T cells and the serum IL-10 level were significantly increased in both the SCIT and SLIT groups (P<0.01), whereas the TRAF6 protein level and serum IL-5 level were significantly decreased (P<0.01). No significant differences in these biomarkers were observed between the SCIT and SLIT groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that miR-146a and its related biomarkers may be comparably modulated after both SCIT and SLIT, highlighting miR-146a as a potential therapeutic target for the improved management of AR.
Biomarkers ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Differentiation ; Child* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunotherapy* ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-5 ; MicroRNAs ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reverse Transcription ; Rhinitis* ; RNA, Messenger ; Sublingual Immunotherapy ; T-Lymphocytes ; TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6

With the rapid economic growth and social development in the BRICS countries, the role of devel-opment assistance for health is becoming more and more significant. This paper describes the scales, recipient coun-tries, mechanisms and characteristics and management systems of development assistance for health in BRICS coun-tries. The paper suggests that a) it is necessary to set up a centralized international aid management agency;b) the mode of development assistance for health must be optimized;c) the scale of development assistance for health shall be increased ( over time);d) each BRIC country should use its own comparative advantages and development experi-ence to carry out development assistance for health while strengthening the cooperative power among the BRICS coun-tries;e) development assistance for health data should be more transparent and open;f) the evaluation of develop-ment assistance for health must be established and perfected.

Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, the development of China’s official de-velopment assistance for health has been going through three phases. To date, it has developed in many forms, inclu-ding the dispatch of medical team and the construction of health facilities. Since the market reforms, the global con-text together with the domestic socioeconomic foundations have changed; the impact of China’s relatively simple and segmented development assistance for health on the development of health systems in developing countries is limited;the effectiveness of assistance has been watered-down due to segmentation and vague management and accountability systems, as well as the lack of an overarching strategy;China’s health institutions, techniques and products suffer va-rious obstacles in their transfer to other countries where rules are dominated by western countries;compared with the increasing and multiple demands of development assistance for health from developing countries, the capacities of co-operation need to be further developed. As the paper suggests, use the “new major-country” and “new morality-in-terest” and“human oriented” concepts, as well as the ideology of“aid in order to develop, develop in order to coop-erate, so as to develop hand-in-hand” to guide China’s development assistance for health;innovate stereo-aid models to adapt to the changed foreign and domestic socioeconomic context; reform the development assistance for health management system and define rights and obligations appropriately;strengthen coordination and information sharing;link development assistance for health with global health governance to promote a maximized spillover effect;mobilize the civil society with strengthened guidance and supervision.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) combined intranasal corticosteroids in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). METHOD: The randomized controlled trials (RCT) about the combined therapy of LTRA and nasal corticosteroids from January 1985 to May 2014 were searched in OVID, PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, WanFang Data, and Cochrane Library. Two reviewers independently screened the literatures, extracted the data, and evaluated the methodological quality. Then meta-ana- lyses were conducted by using RevMan 5.1 software. RESULT: A total of 5 RCTs were included upon literature search. The results of meta-analyses showed that the efficacy of nasal corticosteroids plus LTRA was superior to nasal corticosteroids alone in total nasal symptom scores and individual nasal symptom scores (rhinorrhea, sneezing) [WMD = -4.49, 95% CI (-4.95(-)-4.03)-, P < 0.01; WMD = -0.43, 95% CI (-0.78(-)-0.07), P < 0.05; WMD = -0.10, 95% CI (-0.6(-)-0. 04), P < 0.01], with significant differences. However, compa- ring the subgroup treated with nasal corticosteroids combined LTRA against the subgroup treated with nasal corti- costeroids alone, we found no significant differences for RQLQ score and for individual nasal symptom scores (nasal blockage, nasal itching) [WMD = -15.19, 95% CI (-55.37(-)-25. 00), P > 0.05; WMD = 0.01, 95% CI(-) 0.06-0.08), P > 0. 05; WMD = -0.15,95% CI (-0.43(-)-0.13), P > 0.05]. CONCLUSION Based on limited evidence, we preliminary concluded the combined therapy of nasal corticosteroids and LTRA was more effective than nasal corticosteroids alone in the management of AR. Further large-scale, well-designed RCTs were still required to validate the add-on efficacy of LTRA for AR patients.
Administration, Intranasal ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Humans ; Leukotriene Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Nose ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo study the association between reasons for smoking and results related to successful smoking cessation.

METHODSA community-based case-control study was conducted with 642 male adults recognized as successful spontaneous smoking quitters being the subject cases while another 700 male adults who had failed to quit smoking were served as the controls. Russell Reason for Smoking Questionnaire (RRSQ) was used to investigate the reasons for smoking. Dominance logistic regression was performed to determine the relative importance of reasons for starting smoking and the endpoint of successful quit smoking.

RESULTSAfter adjusting the potential confounders of age, age of smoking initiation, marital status, profession, and education, the adjusted means of sedative and stimulation of RRSQ in the successful quitters were significant lower than that in the failed quitters. Results from the dominance logistic regression showed that the first two important factors for smoking cessation were sedative and stimulation of RRSQ, followed by psychological image, automatic, hand-mouth activity, indulgence, and addiction.

CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that factors as dependence-addiction showed more important impacts than the social-psychological ones on the endpoint of successful smoking cessation.

Adult ; Behavior, Addictive ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Smoking ; psychology ; Smoking Cessation ; statistics & numerical data ; Smoking Prevention ; Surveys and Questionnaires