Background The decline of physical activity in the elderly due to aging may increase the risk of sarcopenia. Currently, there is a lack of evidence from large natural populations on the relationship between PA and sarcopenia. Objective To explore the relationship between PA and sarcopenia in the elderly aged 60 years and above in 10 provinces (autonomous regions) of China. Methods Data were retrieved from the 2022—2023 round of the China Development and Nutrition Health Impact Cohort. Personal basic information and PA data were collected by questionnaire survey. Skeletal muscle mass was measured by bio-electrical impedance analysis, muscle strength was measured using a grip dynamometer, and physical performance was reflected by 6-meter walk speed. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria were used to diagnose sarcopenia. Light physical activity (LPA) duration, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) duration, and total physical activity volume were calculated. A total of 3326 residents aged ≥60 years with complete data were selected as the survey participants. Multiple logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to assess the association between PA duration/volume and sarcopenia. Results In 10 provinces (autonomous regions) of China, the prevalence of sarcopenia in the elderly aged 60 years and above was 5.5% (95%CI: 4.7%, 6.2%). The logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the elderly reporting 0-7.0 h·week⁻¹ in LPA duration, the risk of sarcopenia in the elderly with LPA duration of >14.0-21.0 h·week⁻¹ was reduced by 51% (OR=0.49, 95%CI: 0.26, 0.96). Compared with the elderly with total physical activity ≥15.0 metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-h·week⁻¹, those with <7.5 MET-h·week⁻¹ had a 2.24-fold increased risk of sarcopenia (OR=2.24, 95%CI: 1.17, 4.29). The RCS results found that LPA duration and total physical activity volume each showed a nonlinear dose-response relationship with the risk of sarcopenia (P_overall<0.05, P_non-linear<0.05). Compared with the elderly with an LPA duration of 0 h· week⁻¹, the risk of sarcopenia in the elderly with an LPA duration of 12.6 h· week⁻¹ was the lowest (OR=0.42, 95%CI: 0.21, 0.83). Compared with the elderly with a total physical activity volume of 15.0 MET-h· week⁻¹, the elderly with a total physical activity volume of 46.0 MET-h· week⁻¹ had the lowest risk of sarcopenia (OR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.38, 0.84). There was no statistically significant association between weekly MVPA duration and the risk of sarcopenia (P>0.05). Conclusion Increasing weekly LPA duration and total physical activity volume would help to reduce the risk of sarcopenia.

Objective:To explore the surgical efficacy of conductive deafness caused by otosclerosis and ossicular malformation with 980 nm fiber laser stapedial floor fenestration.Methods:Data of 58 patients (ears) who were diagnosed with conductive deafness caused by otosclerosis (49 ears) and ossicular malformation (9 ears) treated by 980 nm Diode laser small-fenestra stapedotomy were retrospectively analyzed. Air conduction (AC) thresholds, bone conduction (BC) thresholds, and air-bone gap (ABG) at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz pure tone frequencies were compared before and 3 months after surgery, and the advantages and precautions of 980 nm fiber laser were summarized. Paired t-test (SPSS 26.0 software) was use to analyze the listening data. Results:Fiber optic laser stapes fenestration and artificial stapes implantation were successfully completed in all 57 cases (ears), the hearing of another one patient (ear) with floating malformation of detachment of stapedial floor was lower than that before surgery. Preoperative at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz frequencies of AC thresholds, BC thresholds, and ABG were (65.4±9.7) dB, (27.2±8.9) dB, and (38.2±9.8) dB respectively. Postoperative 3 months at the same frequency of AC thresholds, BC thresholds, and ABG were (42.1±11.3) dB, (26.9±6.6) dB, and (15.2±9.1) dB. Preoperative and postoperative of AC threshold and ABG were statistically significant at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz ( t value was 13.270 and13.948, both P<0.01), and yet the BC threshold was not statistically significant before and after surgery at the same frequency ( t=0.418, P>0.05). Conclusions:980 nm fiber laser stapes floor fenestration is an effective treatment for conductive deafness caused by otosclerosis and ossicular malformation.

Objective:To investigate the distribution characteristics of body height, body weight and body mass index (BMI) in children aged 3-17 years in China.Methods:Data were obtained from the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey in 0-18 years old children in China. The study selected 70 853 children aged 3-17 years from 28 urban and rural survey sites in 14 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in 7 regions of China with multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. M ( Q1, Q3) was used to describe the region, age and gender specific body height, body weight and BMI in the children aged 3-17 years. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the body height, body weight, and BMI between boys and girls in same age group. Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test was used to compare the body height, body weight and BMI among boys in different age groups and among girls in different age groups, as well as among boys in same age group and among girls in same age group from different regions, and DSCF method was used for further pairwise comparisons. Results:In this study, the median body height and body weight were 172.0 cm and 62.9 kg in 17-year-old boys and 160.0 cm and 53.7 kg in 17-year-old girls. The median for children's body height, body weight, and BMI in most age groups were higher in northeastern and northern China than in southern China, and the differences could be observed until age 17 years. The differences in body weight and BMI in children in northeastern and northern China were greater in Q3 than in Q1 compared with southern China. Conclusions:The body height of children aged 3-17 years continues to increase in China. Northeastern and northern China have more children with higher bodyweight, showing an obvious body weight increase trend, to which close attention needs to be paid.

Objective:To explore the application value of nutritional support comprehensive nursing in patients with advanced gynecological tumor and analyze its impact on patients' quality of life.Methods:From May 2016 to August 2019, 110 patients with advanced gynecological tumors were enrolled in the First People′s Hospital of Lianyungang City. According to the random number table method, they were divided into control group and observation group with 55 cases in each group. The control group received standard nutritional nursing and the observation group received nutrition support comprehensive nursing. Three milliliters of fasting venous blood were collected at the time of admission and discharge for centrifugation. The serum albumin (ALB) and prealbumin (PA) levels of the two groups were measured. The body mass index (BMI) of the patients was calculated and the changes of their nutritional status were analyzed.The quality of life of cancer patients was evaluated by the European Cancer Research and Treatment Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 at the time of admission and discharge.Results:There was no significant difference in the serum ALB, PA and quality of life at the time of admission between the two groups( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in BMI at the time of admission and discharge in the two groups( P>0.05). The serum ALB and PA were (36.92±2.68), (0.26±0.07) g/L at discharge in the observation group, significantly higher than (35.42±2.71), (0.23±0.06) g/L in the control group ( t values were 2.918, 2.413, P<0.05). The scores of social function, emotional function, role function, physical function and total life quality score were 63.42±4.18,62.83±6.24,63.19±6.12,64.43±4.31,70.42±6.91 at discharge in the observation group,significantly higher than 57.34±5.06,56.39±7.37,60.45±5.99,61.46±5.08,66.35±5.96 in the control group ( t values were 2.373-6.870, P<0.05). The scores of diarrhea, constipation, insomnia, anorexia, nausea, fatigue in the observation group were 36.42±5.06,34.54±6.23,34.49±5.56,36.41±4.57,40.38±7.24,37.94±4.65,significantly lower than 40.83±4.81,38.74±5.12,38.43±4.97,40.43±6.24,43.29±5.12,40.19±3.97 in the control group ( t values were 2.434-4.685, P<0.05). Conclusions:Nutrition support comprehensive nursing for patients with advanced gynecological tumor can further improve their nutritional status and improve their quality of life.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease discovered in the 21 st century. This disease has been reported in several Asian countries, including China, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, and Myanmar. Until 2019, SFTS cases have been reported in 25 provinces in China, and most of them were rural residents from mountains and hilly regions. Most SFTS cases were sporadic but geographically concentrated, mainly in Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Hubei, Liaoning, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu provinces. SFTSV infection was transmitted predominantly by a tick bite and potentially through close contact with the patient's blood or body fluids. Fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia were common initial manifestations, and multiple organ failure or even death could occur in severe cases. The reported cases of SFTS have been gradually increasing, and the case fatality rate has remained at a high level, posing a severe threat to public health in China. This paper reviewed the epidemiological features, risk factors for disease transmission, and the clinical characteristics of SFTS to gain further knowledge of the disease, guide the prevention and management, and help reduce the case fatality rate.

Objective To observe the curative effect of cervicogenic headache(CEH)treatment through the combination of pulse radio frequency(PRF)on the C2 dorsal rootganglion and continuous epidural space block.Methods Sixty patients with CEH in our hospital were randomly divided into groups A and B,30 cases in each group.The group A was treated with combination of PRF on cervical dorsal root ganglion and continuous epidural space block.The group B was treated with PRF on cervical dorsal root ganglion method.The pain VAS scores before treatment and at 1 week,3,6 months after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with pretreatment,the VSA scores at 1 week,3,6 wonths after treatment in the two groups had statistical difference(P＜0.05),moreover,the VAS score decrease in the group A was better than the group B.All the patients had no nerve and artery injury or infection complications.Conclusion It is safe and effective to treat cervical CEH through the combination of ganglion PRF on the cervical 2 dorsal root and continuous epidural space block.

Objective To identify the plasma miRNAs which are differentially expressed in the patients with traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head by means of high-throughput screening so as to provide data for further research into the pathogenesis of traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head.Methods We selected 10 patients with femoral neck fracture who had been treated from January to April 2015 for traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head following manual reduction and internal fixation with percutaneous hollow screws (necrosis group) and another contemporary age-matched 10 patients with femoral neck fracture who had been treated in the similar way but did not develop traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head for over 2 years (control group).After the peripheral blood was obtained from the 20 patients,Axon GenePix 4000B chip scanner was used for peripheral blood chip screening to identify the miRNAs which were differentially expressed.QPCR technique was used to verify the top 5 miRNAs which were significantly up-regulated and the top 5 miRNAs which were significantly down-regulated.Results The Harris score for the necrosis group was significantly lower than that for the control group while the Visual Analog Scale score for the former significantly higher than that for the latter (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in general data (P ＞ 0.05).In comparison of the 2 groups,the chip screening identified 95 miRNAs which were significantly up-regulated and 413 miRNAs which were significantly down-regulated.The "volcano" analysis screened out 147 miRNAs differentially expressed of which 35 were up-regulated genes and 112 down-regulated genes.Of the 10 genes selected,8 were found in line with the results of microarray screening:hsa-miR-93-5p,hsa-let-7i-5p,hsa-miR-320a,hsa-miR-25-3p,hsa-miR-16-2-3p,hsa-miR-122-5p,hsa-miR-4711-3p and hsa-miR-3191-5p.Conclusion This study indentified 8 differentially expressed miRNAs associated with traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head,providing data for further study.

Objective To study the effect of black granule capsules(BGCs) on growth of transplanted mouse hepatocarcinoma cells, cell proliferation cycle and apoptosis.Methods KM mouse were subcutaneously inoculated with Hepatocarcinoma cells (H22) and randomly divided into the model control group, the positive control group, the low, medium and high does of BGC group after 24h. The positive control group received intraperitoneal injection with 30 mg/kg cyclophosphamide. Mice of BGC groups were intragastricaly with different dosage of BGC (400, 800, 1 600 mg/kg). The model control group received intragastricaly with normal saline. The drugs were administrated once a day for seven days. The tumor inhibition rate was calculated at 24 h after the last administration. Flow cytometry was used to detect changes of cell cycle and apoptosis in harvested H22 tumor cells.Results The group of high does showed significant inhibitory effect on the growth of transplanted H22 tumor cells withthe inhibitory rate 38.78% (male) and 43.57% (female). Compared with model control group, groups of different dosages decreased time of G0-G1 phase (58.06% ± 9.65%, 55.10% ± 5.89%, 61.36% ± 15.95%vs. 74.47% ± 2.63%), increased tiem of Sphase (33.96% ± 11.90%, 32.67% ± 4.04%, 33.89% ± 9.82%vs. 14.37% ± 4.92%), and increased the apoptosis rate (31.12% ± 1.85%, 31.89% ± 2.16%, 40.64% ± 0.55%vs.21.75% ± 2.64%).Conclusion BGC has antitumor effect on mouse hepatocarcinoma H22 tumor cells, and its mechanism was to regulate cell proliferation cycle and induce the apoptosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Saposhnikovia divaricata extract combined with arsenic trioxide (ATO) on the proliferation and apoptosis in chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cells. MethodsSaposhnikovia divaricata extract was prepared.Cultured K562 cells were treated with different concentration of Saposhnikovia divaricataextract or/and ATO for 48h. Cell proliferation was determined using the MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle were detected using flow cytometry.ResultsThe MTT assay showed that Saposhnikovia divaricata extract of 750,1 000,1 250,1 500 μg/ml had a significantly proliferation inhibitory effect compared with control group, the inhibitory rates were 23.29% ± 3.31%, 48.30% ± 2.50%, 79.62% ± 3.41% and 88.94% ± 0.06%, respectively (allP<0.05); Saposhnikovia divaricata extract of 500 μg/ml combined with ATO of 1.0, 0.5 μg/ml significantly increased inhibitor rates compared with ATO of 1.0, 0.5 μg/ml (64.99% ± 5.18%vs. 44.48% ± 3.31%,38.59% ± 3.88%vs.26.30% ± 5.03%; allP<0.05). FCM showed that Saposhnikovia divaricata extract of 500 μg/ml combined with ATO of 2.0, 1.0, 0.5 μg/ml significantly increased apoptotic rate compared with ATO group of 2.0, 1.0, 0.5 μg/ml (33.97% ± 0.59%vs.20.97% ± 2.17%, 13.53% ± 0.47%vs.9.77%±0.64%、6.63%±&0.40%vs.4.00%±0.46%; allP<0.05 ). Cell cycle results showed that Saposhnikovia divaricata extract of 500μg/ml combined with ATO of 2.0,1.0, 0.5μg/ml significantly increased the rate of S phase compared with ATO group of 2.0, 1.0, 0.5 μg/ml (60.25 ± 2.59%vs.55.61 ± 1.28%, 60.89 ± 1.53%vs.37.96 ± 1.02%, 47.76 ± 0.87%vs.39.90 ± 0.92%; allP<0.05).ConclusionsSaposhnikovia divaricataextract could obviously inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells and enhance the apoptotic effect of ATO. ATO could induce a G2/M phase arrest, while Saposhnikovia divaricata extract combined with ATO could induce a S phase arrest in K562 cells.

OBJECTIVETo establish method for determining the contents of alpha-pinene and octyl acetate in Boswellia serrata, in order to provide preference for making quality standards for B. serrata and processed B. serrata.

METHODApplication of orthogonal design was employed to optimize the solvent, solvent quantity and extraction time. The GC-MS analysis was performed on a Rxi-5ms silica capillary column, running in the electron impact (EI) mode, with ion trap and injector temperature of 200 degrees C and 250 degrees C, respectively. The column oven was initially 50 degrees C and was held for 1 min after injection, followed by temperature ramping at 5 degrees C x min(-1) up to 130 degrees C, holding for 1 min. 1 microL of samples solution were injected in the split mode (1:60). Helium was the carrier gas. The mass spectrometer was set to scan m/z 45450 with an ionizing voltage at 70 eV.

RESULTSample solutions were prepared for 50-fold dose by ultrasonic extraction with hexane for 30 min. The content of alpha-pinene and octyl acetate in 10 batches of B. serrata were 0.021 3-0.149 5, 2.519 6-9.098 0 mg x g(-1), respectively. And, those of alpha-pinene and octyl acetate in processed B. serrata were 0.015 9-0.065 9, 0.801 0-12.812 2 mg x g(-1).

CONCLUSIONThe method is a stable and reliable for determining the contents of alpha-pinene and octyl acetate in B. serrata.