Objective To summarize and analyze the efficacy and influencing factors of second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for acute leukemia relapsing after the first allo-HSCT. Methods Clinical data of 17 patients with acute leukemia who underwent second allo-HSCT at Peking University First Hospital from January 2005 to December 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 17 patients, 7 achieved long-term disease-free survival after second transplantation. The median progression-free survival after successful second transplantation was 7 months (range 8 days to 69 months). The relapse fatality was 24%, and the transplant-related fatality was 35%. Conclusions Second transplantation is an effective treatment for relapsed and refractory acute leukemia, but the relapse fatality and transplant-related fatality remain high. Patient age, time of relapse after the first transplantation and disease status before second transplantation are all factors that affect the efficacy of second transplantation. Younger age, late relapse and complete remission of disease before second transplantation are all beneficial for long-term disease-free survival after second transplantation.

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the feasibility, accuracy, and safety of multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy using a 1T open MRI scanner for evaluating suspicious centrally located lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis. Materials and Methods: In this single-center study, MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy was performed for 107 suspicious central lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis in 107 patients between July 2015 and December 2020. A fast T2-weighted imaging (T2WI)-turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence and an enhanced fast T1-weighted imaging (T1WI)-TSE sequence were used to identify, localize, and biopsy lung lesions, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was used as a supplementary sequence for identifying the lesion location. The final diagnosis was confirmed by surgical histopathology or clinical follow-up for a minimum of 24 months. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosing lung malignancies were calculated, and the complications were recorded for each case. Results: Using multiparameter MRI, central lung lesions could be clearly distinguished from post-obstructive atelectasis in 96 patients (89.7%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy for diagnosing lung malignancy was 97.0% (98/101), 100% (6/6), and 97.2% (104/107), respectively. Self-limited hemoptysis occurred in three patients. Pneumothorax occurred in five patients, of which none required pleural drainage. No serious procedure-related complications were observed. Conclusion As a technology that does not involve ionizing radiation, multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy is a safe and accurate diagnostic technique for evaluating centrally located lung lesions associated with post-obstructive atelectasis.

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the feasibility, accuracy, and safety of multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy using a 1T open MRI scanner for evaluating suspicious centrally located lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis. Materials and Methods: In this single-center study, MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy was performed for 107 suspicious central lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis in 107 patients between July 2015 and December 2020. A fast T2-weighted imaging (T2WI)-turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence and an enhanced fast T1-weighted imaging (T1WI)-TSE sequence were used to identify, localize, and biopsy lung lesions, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was used as a supplementary sequence for identifying the lesion location. The final diagnosis was confirmed by surgical histopathology or clinical follow-up for a minimum of 24 months. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosing lung malignancies were calculated, and the complications were recorded for each case. Results: Using multiparameter MRI, central lung lesions could be clearly distinguished from post-obstructive atelectasis in 96 patients (89.7%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy for diagnosing lung malignancy was 97.0% (98/101), 100% (6/6), and 97.2% (104/107), respectively. Self-limited hemoptysis occurred in three patients. Pneumothorax occurred in five patients, of which none required pleural drainage. No serious procedure-related complications were observed. Conclusion As a technology that does not involve ionizing radiation, multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy is a safe and accurate diagnostic technique for evaluating centrally located lung lesions associated with post-obstructive atelectasis.

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the feasibility, accuracy, and safety of multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy using a 1T open MRI scanner for evaluating suspicious centrally located lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis. Materials and Methods: In this single-center study, MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy was performed for 107 suspicious central lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis in 107 patients between July 2015 and December 2020. A fast T2-weighted imaging (T2WI)-turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence and an enhanced fast T1-weighted imaging (T1WI)-TSE sequence were used to identify, localize, and biopsy lung lesions, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was used as a supplementary sequence for identifying the lesion location. The final diagnosis was confirmed by surgical histopathology or clinical follow-up for a minimum of 24 months. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosing lung malignancies were calculated, and the complications were recorded for each case. Results: Using multiparameter MRI, central lung lesions could be clearly distinguished from post-obstructive atelectasis in 96 patients (89.7%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy for diagnosing lung malignancy was 97.0% (98/101), 100% (6/6), and 97.2% (104/107), respectively. Self-limited hemoptysis occurred in three patients. Pneumothorax occurred in five patients, of which none required pleural drainage. No serious procedure-related complications were observed. Conclusion As a technology that does not involve ionizing radiation, multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy is a safe and accurate diagnostic technique for evaluating centrally located lung lesions associated with post-obstructive atelectasis.

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the feasibility, accuracy, and safety of multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy using a 1T open MRI scanner for evaluating suspicious centrally located lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis. Materials and Methods: In this single-center study, MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy was performed for 107 suspicious central lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis in 107 patients between July 2015 and December 2020. A fast T2-weighted imaging (T2WI)-turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence and an enhanced fast T1-weighted imaging (T1WI)-TSE sequence were used to identify, localize, and biopsy lung lesions, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was used as a supplementary sequence for identifying the lesion location. The final diagnosis was confirmed by surgical histopathology or clinical follow-up for a minimum of 24 months. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosing lung malignancies were calculated, and the complications were recorded for each case. Results: Using multiparameter MRI, central lung lesions could be clearly distinguished from post-obstructive atelectasis in 96 patients (89.7%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy for diagnosing lung malignancy was 97.0% (98/101), 100% (6/6), and 97.2% (104/107), respectively. Self-limited hemoptysis occurred in three patients. Pneumothorax occurred in five patients, of which none required pleural drainage. No serious procedure-related complications were observed. Conclusion As a technology that does not involve ionizing radiation, multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy is a safe and accurate diagnostic technique for evaluating centrally located lung lesions associated with post-obstructive atelectasis.

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the feasibility, accuracy, and safety of multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy using a 1T open MRI scanner for evaluating suspicious centrally located lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis. Materials and Methods: In this single-center study, MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy was performed for 107 suspicious central lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis in 107 patients between July 2015 and December 2020. A fast T2-weighted imaging (T2WI)-turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence and an enhanced fast T1-weighted imaging (T1WI)-TSE sequence were used to identify, localize, and biopsy lung lesions, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was used as a supplementary sequence for identifying the lesion location. The final diagnosis was confirmed by surgical histopathology or clinical follow-up for a minimum of 24 months. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosing lung malignancies were calculated, and the complications were recorded for each case. Results: Using multiparameter MRI, central lung lesions could be clearly distinguished from post-obstructive atelectasis in 96 patients (89.7%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy for diagnosing lung malignancy was 97.0% (98/101), 100% (6/6), and 97.2% (104/107), respectively. Self-limited hemoptysis occurred in three patients. Pneumothorax occurred in five patients, of which none required pleural drainage. No serious procedure-related complications were observed. Conclusion As a technology that does not involve ionizing radiation, multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy is a safe and accurate diagnostic technique for evaluating centrally located lung lesions associated with post-obstructive atelectasis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.05.019.].

Osteoarthritis (OA) causes chronic pain that significantly impairs quality of life, with current treatments often proving insufficient and accompanied by adverse effects. Recent research has identified the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and its resident macrophages as crucial mediators of chronic OA pain through neuroinflammation driven by macrophage polarization. We present a novel injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel system, KAF@PLEL, designed to deliver an anti-inflammatory peptide (KAF) specifically to the DRG. This biodegradable hydrogel enables sustained KAF release, promoting the reprogramming of DRG macrophages from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory phenotypes. Through comprehensive in vitro and in vivo studies, we evaluated the hydrogel's biocompatibility, effects on macrophage polarization, and therapeutic efficacy in chronic OA pain management. The system demonstrated significant capabilities in preserving macrophage mitochondrial function, suppressing neuroinflammation, alleviating chronic OA pain, reducing cartilage degradation, and improving motor function in OA rat models. The sustained-release properties of KAF@PLEL enabled prolonged therapeutic effects while minimizing systemic exposure and side effects. These findings suggest that KAF@PLEL represents a promising therapeutic approach for improving outcomes in OA patients through targeted, sustained treatment.

Gene regulation relies on the precise binding of transcription factors (TFs) at regulatory elements, but simultaneously detecting hundreds of TFs on chromatin is challenging. We developed cFOOT-seq, a cytosine deaminase-based TF footprinting assay, for high-resolution, quantitative genome-wide assessment of TF binding in both open and closed chromatin regions, even with small cell numbers. By utilizing the dsDNA deaminase SsdAtox, cFOOT-seq converts accessible cytosines to uracil while preserving genomic integrity, making it compatible with techniques like ATAC-seq for sensitive and cost-effective detection of TF occupancy at the single-molecule and single-cell level. Our approach enables the delineation of TF footprints, quantification of occupancy, and examination of chromatin influences on TF binding. Notably, cFOOT-seq, combined with FootTrack analysis, enables de novo prediction of TF binding sites and tracking of TF occupancy dynamics. We demonstrate its application in capturing cell type-specific TFs, analyzing TF dynamics during reprogramming, and revealing TF dependencies on chromatin remodelers. Overall, cFOOT-seq represents a robust approach for investigating the genome-wide dynamics of TF occupancy and elucidating the cis-regulatory architecture underlying gene regulation.
Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Humans ; Chromatin/genetics* ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Mice ; DNA Footprinting/methods*

Objective:To assess the applicability of fully automatic pipeline automated testing for internal quality control (automated quality control).Methods:Stability, assay efficiency and implementation costs of 18 biochemical tests, 5 immunoturbidimetric tests and 11 chemical illuminescent tests in the Department of Laboratory Medicine of Peking Union Hospital from January 2019 to July 2022 were evaluated using automated quality control implementation methods. The detailed method is as follows: quality control materials for biochemical, immunoturbidimetric and chemiluminescent tests were stored in the refrigerator in the pipeline which was controlled by the intermediate software, and were automatically retrieved and tested as pre-set followed by documenting and storing. The quality control setup for the biochemical tests included refreshing quality control materials daily and weekly,both of which were paralleled for 3 months. The on-line storage stability of quality control materials in the pipeline was evaluated by comparing the coefficients of variation ( CV) of the quality control results between the two patterns. Effect of automated quality control application was evaluated using 6 indicators, including the results′ variation of automatically performed and manually performed quality controls, the out-of-controlled rate, the consumption of quality control materials, the change of staff workload, the impact on the testing time of the first sample, and the failure rate of automated quality control. Results:(1) Storage stability of quality control materials in the pipeline: under the pattern of weekly refresh of the biochemical quality control materials, except for total carbon dioxide (TCO 2) (the CVs of low and high level quality control were respectively 20.24% and 21.82%) and sodium (the CV of low level quality control was 1.51%) that were greater than the allowable variation set by the laboratory, the CVs of the rest tests meet the lab requirements on the allowable variations. (2) The results′ variation of quality control in automatically performed and manually performed control patterns: in the patterns of daily refresh of biochemical quality control materials and weekly refresh of immunoturbidimetric and chemiluminescent quality control materials, the CVs of both low and high levels of quality control were lower in the automatically performed control pattern than that in manually performed pattern for 8 chemiluminescent items of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, serum ferritin, serum folic acid, vitamin B12 and testosterone, 3 immunologic items of complement 3, C reactive protein and immunoglobulin G, and 10 biochemical items of alkaline phosphatase, glucose, calcium, chloride, potassium, lactate dehydrogenase, sodium, urea, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and adenosine deaminase. The out-of-control rates of biochemistry, immunoturbidimetric and chemiluminescence tests in both quality control patterns conformed with the clinical routine work requirements. (3) Comparison of quality control materials′ consumption: compared with manually performed quality control, weekly consumption of automatically performed chemiluminescent quality control materials decreased 37.5% (from 8 ml to 5 ml); weekly consumption of automatically performed immunoturbidimetric quality control materials decreased 33.3% (from 3 ml to 2 ml). (4)Comparison of staff workload and first sample testing time: compared with manually performed quality control, automatical quality control reduced manual work by about 156 steps per week, and the daily initial testing time was earlier by 15 min on average. The failure rate was 54.5% (37/64) during the early-stage application of the automated quality control which dropped to 10.2% (13/128) in the late-stage. Conclusion:The results of automated quality control detected in the pipeline system meet the quality indicators′ requirements of the laboratory, and the application of automated quality control can improve the quality control, save costs, reduce workload, and improve work efficiency.