AIM: To investigate the risk factors of refractive regression after correction of moderate and high myopia by femtosecond laser assisted in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK)for 1 a, and construct prediction model.METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 400 patients(800 eyes)with moderate and high myopia undergoing FS-LASIK correction in Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital from June 2017 to November 2018, and the patients were randomly divided into modeling group(n=300)and verification group(n=100)according to a ratio of 3:1. The modeling group was divided into regression group and non-regression group according to the occurrence of refractive regression at 1 a after surgery. The changes of corneal curvature and corneal thickness were observed. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors of refractive regression in patients with moderate and high myopia at 1 a after FS-LASIK correction, and the prediction model was built based on the regression coefficient. Receiver operating curve(ROC)was used to evaluate model differentiation.RESULTS:Refractive regression occurred in 44 eyes of the modeling group and 15 eyes of the verification group at 1 a after surgery. The anterior corneal surface curvature in the modeling group was lower than that in the regression group at 6 and 12 mo after surgery(all P<0.05). The degree of corneal hyperplasia in the regression group was greater than that in the non-regression group at 1, 3, 6 and 12 mo after surgery(all P<0.05). The regression equation of the probability value of refractive regression in patients with moderate and high myopia corrected by FS-LASIK at 1 a after surgery is as follows:P=1/[1+e-(-5.989+0.127×age+2.019×preoperative diopter-0.022×preoperative central corneal thickness+0.043×depth of cutting-1.569×diameter of cutting optical region)], Hosmer-Lemeshow detected the goodness of fit of the regression equation(P=0.818). Internal verification using the modeling group data showed that the area under ROC curve was 0.890(95%CI: 0.843-0.937), the sensitivity was 81.82%, and the specificity was 84.71%. The area under ROC curve was 0.838(95%CI: 0.717-0.959), the sensitivity was 80.00%, and the specificity was 87.57%.CONCLUSIONS:The established risk model has good discriminating validity and can be used to identify the high-risk group of refractive regression at 1 a after FS-LASIK in patients with moderate and high myopia.

Objective:To analyze the association between waist circumference (WC) and ischemic stroke (IS).Methods:The data for the present study were from the prospective cohort study of China Kadoorie Biobank in Qingdao. Using baseline information and IS events of the participants, the Cox proportional hazard regression model and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were used to analyze the association between WC and IS.Results:A total of 33 355 participants were included in the study, with 302 008.88 person-years of follow-up. A total of 1 093 new cases of IS were observed. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis showed that compared to the respondents with normal WC (male <85.0 cm, female <80.0 cm), respondents with excessive WC (male ≥85.0 cm, female ≥80.0 cm) had a 78% higher risk of IS incidence [hazard ratio( HR)=1.78, 95% CI: 1.51-2.10], and the risk increased by 72% ( HR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.40-2.12) and 83% ( HR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.40-2.39) in men and women. According to the RCS, the increase in WC and the risk of IS showed an "S" trend of nonlinear dose-response relationship. Conclusions:The risk of IS would increase with the WC. Keeping a normal WC is important for preventing IS.

Objective To observe the comfort effect of gene-transfected pig skin in patients with arc burn wound.Methods A total of 56 patients with electric arc burn treated in our hospital from June 2020 to December 2022 were enrolled and then randomly divided into treatment group and control group,with 28 cases in each group.Both groups were treated with debridement,including removing pollutants and necrotic skin,and cleaning the wounds with normal saline.After debridement,the shallow second-degree burn wounds in the control group were covered with silver ion functional antibacterial dressing and wrapped with sterile cotton pad,while those in the treatment group were covered with thawed and softened gene-transfected pig skins.For the deep second-degree burn wounds,after simple debridement,the wounds were treated with scab grinding in 48 h after burn when the condition of the patients was stable.After this,the wounds in the control group and the treatment group were treated as the shallow wounds,respectively.Visual Analogue Scale(VAS),State Anxiety Inventory(SAI)score,treatment process satisfaction,patient comfort and time for wound healing were observed and compared between the 2 groups.Results There was no significant difference in the VAS score and SAI score between the 2 groups at the first dressing change(P＞0.05),but the VAS score and SAI score were obviously lower in the treatment group than the control group at the second and third dressing changes(P＜0.05).The treatment group obtained notably better comfort level and shorter time for wound healing than the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Gene-transfected pig skin shows good efficacy in the wound surface of arc burn,which can shorten the wound healing time,reduce the pain of dressing change and improve the satisfaction and comfort of patients.

Myeloid neoplasms (MNs) belong to a group of hematological malignancies characterized by the abnormal biological functions of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells. The abnormal immune and hematopoietic microenvironment of patients with MN interact with malignant clonal hematopoietic stem cells, promoting the occurrence and development of their diseases. MN large granular lymphocyte proliferation (MN-LGLP) is a special and rare clinical phenomenon in this type of disease. Currently, research on this disease in domestic and international cohorts is limited. This study analyzes the clinical and laboratory characteristics of this type of patient and explores the impact of LGLP on the clinical characteristics and survival of patients with MN. Patients with MN-LGLP are prone to neutropenia and splenomegaly. The presence of LGLP is not a risk factor affecting the survival of patients with MN-LGLP. STAG, ASXL1, and TET2 are the most common accompanying gene mutations in MN-LGLP, and patients with MN-LGLP and STAG2 mutations have poor prognoses.

Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf is a well-established traditional Chinese botanical and culinary resource. It has found widespread application in the management of diabetes. The bioactive constituents of mulberry leaf, specifically mulberry leaf flavonoids (MLFs), exhibit pronounced potential in the amelioration of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This potential is attributed to their ability to safeguard pancreatic β cells, enhance insulin resistance, and inhibit α-glucosidase activity. Our antecedent research findings underscore the substantial therapeutic efficacy of MLFs in treating T2D. However, the precise mechanistic underpinnings of MLF's anti-T2D effects remain the subject of inquiry. Activation of brown/beige adipocytes is a novel and promising strategy for T2D treatment. In the present study, our primary objective was to elucidate the impact of MLFs on adipose tissue browning in db/db mice and 3T3-L1 cells and elucidate its underlying mechanism. The results manifested that MLFs reduced body weight and food intake, alleviated hepatic steatosis, improved insulin sensitivity, and increased lipolysis and thermogenesis in db/db mice. Moreover, MLFs activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) and induced the browning of inguinal white adipose tissue (IWAT) and 3T3-L1 adipocytes by increasing the expressions of brown adipocyte marker genes and proteins such as uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and beige adipocyte marker genes such as transmembrane protein 26 (Tmem26), thereby promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. Mechanistically, MLFs facilitated the activation of BAT and the induction of WAT browning to ameliorate T2D primarily through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) signaling pathway. These findings highlight the unique capacity of MLF to counteract T2D by enhancing BAT activation and inducing browning of IWAT, thereby ameliorating glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. As such, MLFs emerge as a prospective and innovative browning agent for the treatment of T2D.
Mice ; Animals ; Adipose Tissue, Brown ; Sirtuin 1/pharmacology* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism* ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism* ; Morus/metabolism* ; Flavonoids/metabolism* ; Prospective Studies ; Signal Transduction ; Adipose Tissue, White ; Plant Leaves ; Uncoupling Protein 1/metabolism* ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/metabolism*

For the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia, drugs have always played a major but unsatisfactory role. As auxiliary or alternative therapies for postherpetic neuralgia, non-pharmacological interventions, such as electrical stimulation and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, not only have shown favorable efficacy, but also can decrease adverse reactions to drugs with high safety and patient acceptance, and are benificial for management of patients with postherpetic neuralgia.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of rutin on the browning of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and the mechanism. MethodCell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay was used to detect the effect of different concentration of rutin （3.125， 6.25， 12.5， 25， 50， 100， 200 μmol·L^-1） on 3T3-L1 cell activity， and Western blot to examine the effect of rutin （12.5， 25， 50 μmol·L^-1） on the expression of thermogenesis-associated proteins uncoupling protein 1 （UCP1）， PR domain containing 16 （PRDM16） and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α （PGC-1α） in adipocytes. After the optimal concentration of rutin was determined， the effect of rutin on lipid droplet formation in adipocytes was observed based on oil red O staining， and the expression of nuclear respiratory factor 1 （NRF1）， nuclear respiratory factor 2 （NRF2） and mitochondrial transcription factor A （TFAM）， which were the landmark proteins of mitochondrial biosynthesis， was detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with the blank group， 200 μmol·L^-1 rutin inhibited 3T3-L1 cell activity （P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， at the concentration of 12.5， 25， 50 μmol·L^-1 rutin significantly promoted the expression of thermogenesis-associated proteins （UCP1， PRDM16， and PGC-1α） （P<0.01）， which was determined as the optimal concentration. Compared with the blank group， 50 μmol·L^-1 rutin significantly increased the immunofluorescence intensity of mitochondrial UCP1 protein in 3T3-L1 cells （P<0.01） and the expression of the markers of mitochondrial biosynthesis （NRF1， NRF2， and TFAM） （P<0.01）. In addition， 50 μmol·L^-1 rutin significantly inhibited lipid droplet formation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes （P<0.01）. ConclusionRutin inhibited lipid droplet deposition in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and increased the expression of thermogenesis-related proteins （UCP1， PRDM16， and PGC-1α） and markers of mitochondrial biosynthesis （NRF1， NRF2， and TFAM）， thereby inducing the browning of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. This lays a basis for the development of drugs that safely regulate the browning of white cells.

OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of action of active components of Nostoc commune in anti-triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC) by the network pharmacology method and molecular biology experiment. METHODS The active components of Nostoc commune were collected by consulting the literature and combined with the preliminary research in the laboratory, the Swiss Target Prediction database was used for target prediction, and the disease targets were obtained in the TTD, Genecards and OMIM databases. The STRING online platform was used for protein-protein interaction, and the KEGG signaling pathway and GO gene function enrichment analysis were performed using the Metascape database. Molecular docking of N-acetyltryptamine, a component of Nostoc commune, and target AKT1 by AutoDock software. Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining method was performed to analyze the apoptotic rate of cells. RT-qPCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mechanism of action of the active components of Nostoc commune on anti-TNBC. RESULTS The results of network pharmacology showed that there were 8 effective components, such as N-acetyltryptamine, Scytonemin and Nostocionone, involved 75 key targets such as signal transduction and AKT1, STAT3 and CCND1. The KEGG signaling pathway and GO gene function enrichment analysis results involved cancer-related signaling pathways, PI3K-Akt signaling pathways and MAPK signaling pathways. Molecular docking showed that N-acetyltryptamine had better affinity with AKT1. N-acetyltryptamine could not significantly promote apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Western blotting showed that N-acetyltryptamine could down-regulate the protein expressions of AKT1. The results of RT-qPCR showed that N-acetyltryptamine could effectively reduce the mRNA expression of AKT1 in cells. CONCLUSION N-acetyltryptamine may inhibit the proliferation of TNBC cells by inhibiting the AKT1 signaling pathway, thereby exerting anti-TNBC effects.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effect of natural phenolic compound p-hydroxybenzoic acid(HA) on adjuvant arthritis(AA) induced by the complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA), and to clarify the mechanism of HA preliminary. METHODS Apart from the normal group, all rats received 0.1 mL CFA by plantar subcutaneous injection to induce AA rats model. And rats with AA were randomized to the model group, the low-, medium-, and high-dose HA group(2.5, 5, and 10 mg·kg-1, respectively), the positive control group(indomethacine, 5 mg·kg-1). The rats in each group were orally treated with the corresponding drugs for therapeutic intervention. The volume and leg thickness of the rats in each group were recorded and an inflated articular score was obtained. Inflammation cytokine expression(TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) was determined by ELISA and qPCR. Radiographs and HE staining were used to observe histopathological and pathological changes in the foot. The expressions of caspase-1 and NF-κB were examined in Western blotting. RESULTS HA could significantly alleviate joint swelling in AA rat(P<0.05), inhibited the production of inflammatory factors(TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) from protein and mRNA levels(P<0.05), and decreased the expression levels of caspase-1 and NF-κB at protein level(P<0.05). HA alleviated ankle injury in rats by X-ray examination, and HE staining showed that HA could significantly inhibit the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the destruction of cartilage surface(P<0.05), and these results were dose-dependent. CONCLUSION HA may relieve rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting the NF-κB/casepase-1 signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of sodium p-hydroxybenzoate on the central nervous system and cardiovascular system of experimental animals. METHODS Kunming mice were given a single dose of sodium p-hydroxybenzoate of 20, 50 and 100 mg·kg-1 by oral gavage, the effects of sodium p-hydroxybenzoate on the central nervous system were observed by mice tail-flick experiment, mice autonomic activity experiment, pole-climbing experiment, coordinating hypnosis test and Morris water maze experiment. SD rats were given a single dose of sodium p-hydroxybenzoate of 14, 35 and 70 mg·kg-1 and Beagle dogs were given a single dose of sodium p-hydroxybenzoate of 4.2, 10.5 and 21 mg·kg-1 by oral gavage, the effects of sodium p-hydroxybenzoate on cardiovascular system and body temperature were observed by measuring blood pressure and body temperature in Beagle dogs, and measuring electrocardiogram in SD rats. RESULTS There was no significant influence of sodium p-hydroxybenzoate on sensory-motor reflex, autonomic activity, coordinated movements, sleep rate of mice with the sub-threshold sleep dose of pentobarbital sodium and learning-memory ability. Similarly, there were no significant effects on electrocardiogram of SD rats and there were no significant effects on blood pressure and body temperature of Beagle dogs. CONCLUSION Single oral gavage of sodium p-hydroxybenzoate has no significant effects on the cardiovascular system and the central nervous system of experimental animal under the condition.