Central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)is a retinal vascular disorder that significantly impairs vision, with its underlying mechanisms involving complex interactions across multiple biological systems. This article provides a systematic review of the pathological mechanisms associated with CRVO, emphasizing critical factors such as endothelial dysfunction, arteriosclerosis, thrombophilia, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The pathological mechanisms of CRVO are characterized by arteriosclerosis, which obstructs venous return through a dual mechanism involving mechanical compression and endothelin-1-mediated contraction; endothelial dysfunction, which exacerbates disturbances in blood flow; genetic and acquired coagulation abnormalities that disrupt hemostatic balance and promote thrombosis; and the synergistic effects of inflammation and oxidative stress that activate cytokines, thereby aggravating ischemia and vascular leakage. Innovatively, this review explores emerging mechanisms such as miRNA-mediated vascular regulation via exosomes, gut microbiota-retina crosstalk through the “gut-eye axis,” and systemic metabolic interactions that link local retinal lesions to broader dysregulation of CRVO. These insights underscore the importance of integrated eye-system interventions and provide a theoretical foundation for advancing early biomarker discovery, multitarget therapeutics, and personalized treatment paradigms. By bridging localized pathology and systemic mechanisms, this work promotes a transformative shift toward an integrative medicine model in the diagnosis and management of CRVO.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the occurrence characteristics and risk factors of adverse drug reactions （ADR） of gemcitabine for injection in national centralized volume-based procurement （hereinafter referred to as “centralized procurement”）， and provide reference for clinical safe drug use. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted to collect the relevant case reports of gemcitabine for injection reported to the National Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring System by Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from January 2022 to December 2023； basic information of patients， drug use status， patient outcomes， rational drug use and other information were collected， and the occurrence characteristics of ADRs with leukopenia， myelosuppression， neutropenia， thrombocytopenia and liver dysfunction were analyzed. Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the correlation of gender， age， combination of antitumor drugs， original malignant tumor and drug dose with ADR. RESULTS A total of 315 cases reports （315 patients） of gemcitabine-induced ADR were included in this study， with a male-to-female ratio of 1.42∶1 and age of （61.17±9.13） years. The primary malignant tumor was pancreatic cancer （73 cases， 23.17%）. Leukopenia， myelosuppression and nausea were the most common ADR， followed by neutropenia， thrombocytopenia， liver dysfunction and so on. The severity grade of ADR was mainly 1-2， and the outcome of most ADR was good. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that combination of antitumor drugs was a risk factor for myelosuppression and neutropenia （RR＝2.154， 95%CI： 1.218- 3.807， P＝0.008； RR＝3.099， 95%CI： 1.240-7.744， P＝0.016）； gender （female） was a risk factor for leukopenia and liver dysfunction （RR＝0.508， 95%CI： 0.302-0.853， P＝0.010； RR＝0.301， 95%CI： 0.102-0.887， P＝0.029）. In terms of drug use rationality， there were 143 cases （45.40%） of drug 126.com use in accordance with the indications of the label， and 172 cases （54.60%） of off-label drug use. Among them， the primary malignant tumors were bladder cancer， bile duct cancer and ovarian cancer， which ranked the top three off-label drug use. CONCLUSIONS The ADR caused by gemcitabine in Inner Mongolia is mainly in the blood and digestive systems. The severity of ADRs is mainly classified as 1-2 levels， and most ADRs have good outcomes. Gender （female） and combination medication are risk factors for gemcitabine-induced ADR. Appropriate chemotherapy regimen should be selected according to the patient’s condition and physical condition， and ADR monitoring in blood and digestive systems should be strengthened during medication of gemcitabine.

BACKGROUND:Vibration environment can cause spinal injury,especially in patients with scoliosis.At present,there is no information about the inherent mode of the whole spine from T1 to the pelvis in scoliosis patients in the free state. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the dynamic characteristics of the whole spine in patients with scoliosis by the finite element method. METHODS:Based on CT scan images,a three-dimensional finite element model of the T1-pelvic total spine of an 11-year-old patient with thoracolumbar biflexion scoliosis was established,and the Cobb angles of thoracolumbar scoliosis were 36° and 24°,respectively.The mode analysis in the free state of the whole spine was carried out by the finite element method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The fifteen-order free modes of the spine were extracted,and the dynamic characteristics of the scolio-curved spine were obtained.The resonance frequency distribution of the spine was concentrated.The thoracic vertebra was the most deformed in the whole spine model,and the amplitude of the thoracic vertebra was larger than that of the lumbar vertebra.Modal analysis was used to analyze the vibration characteristics of scoliosis patients in the vibration environment.It is of great significance to determine the natural frequency,vibration mode,and amplitude of scoliosis patients for analyzing the vibration characteristics of scoliosis.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the use of children’s drugs in public medical institutions in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region， and provide some reference for the rational use of children’s drugs and the improvement of children’s drug list in the whole region. METHODS The generic names， specifications， and dosage forms of children’s drugs were collected from all levels of public medical institutions in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2023. The method of defined daily dose （DDD） and ranking ratio （B/A） were used to explore the frequency of drug use， daily average cost and cost-effectiveness of children’s drugs in this region， and the dosage forms， category， and drug use convergence of children’s drugs in medical institutions in the whole region. RESULTS In 2023， 1 751 public medical and health institutions in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were equipped with 267 kinds of children’s drugs， including 12 drug categories. The main dosage forms were granules， oral solutions， and syrups. The drugs that were frequently used in medical institutions at all levels were mainly antipyretic， analgesic， anti-inflammatory drugs （mostly Chinese patent medicines）， and respiratory drugs. The daily average cost of children’s drugs with the highest DDDs in tertiary， secondary， and primary public medical institutions was low， and the B/A value of most drugs with higher DDDs was around 1. However， the B/A value of some drugs was high， which may lead to overuse. The drug use convergence between primary public medical institutions and secondary/tertiary public medical institutions was less than 50%. CONCLUSIONS The types of drugs involved in children’s drugs in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are comprehensive and the social and economic benefits are in good synchronization， but the dosage form is single and there are few special rules and dosage forms for children. The proportions of Chinese patent medicines in primary and secondary public medical institutions are high， and the risk of drug use should be paid attention. The cohesion between children’s drugs in primary public medical institutions and higher public medical institutions is slightly poor.

Objective:To explore the implicit bias of body image measurement in young and middle-aged people using implicit relational assessment procedure (IRAP) .Methods:ProQuest, Scopus, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang data, and VIP databases were systematically searched to collect articles on the use of IRAP to measure implicit bias in body image in young and middle-aged populations. The retrieval period was from the establishment of the databases to December 15, 2023. Meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4 software.Results:A total of 11 articles were included. The results of the Meta-analysis showed that the score of D general (reaction time index of pro-thinness and anti-fat) was 0.09 (95% CI: 0.07~0.11, P<0.01), indicating that compared with overweight/obesity, young and middle-aged people had a strong sense of identification with thinness and a stronger desire for thinness. The score of D thin (reaction time index of pro-thinness) was 0.26 (95% CI: 0.12~0.39, P<0.01), indicating that young and middle-aged people' reaction speed was faster when they agreed with thinness and participants had the desire to be thin. The score of D fat (reaction time index of anti-obesity) was -0.09 (95% CI: -0.21~0.03, P>0.05), indicating that young and middle-aged people had no bias against overweight/obesity. Conclusions:Young and middle-aged people generally have the performance of implicit thinness, with a strong desire for thinness and no implicit bias towards overweight.

Objective:To review relevant research on the application of self-help intervention model in adult depression patients, analyze the main characteristics and application effects of self-help intervention model, in order to provide reference for related research in this field.Methods:According to the methodological framework of the scope review, searched 12 Chinese and English databases including CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, Web of Science, etc. from the establishment of the database until April 20, 2021, and sorted and analyzed the obtained documents according to the inclusion and exclusion standards.Results:A total of 45 documents were included, of which only 5 were from China; the included studies were mainly based on the Internet platform, using cognitive behavioral therapy, reading therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and problem-solving therapy for intervention; the duration of the intervention was 3 weeks to 4 months, participants complete an intervention module or read a specified number of chapters every 3 to 7 days on average, and receive regular guidance and supervision from the intervention facilitator every 1-2 weeks. The total contact time with the facilitator was 80-160 minutes. Various modes of self-help intervention based on the Internet could effectively improve the negative emotions of patients with depression.Conclusions:The self-help intervention model has shown good results in the treatment of patients with depression, but there is a lack of local intervention research in China, and there is no clear standard for the number of interventions and the length of the intervention guide. Under the general trend of "Internet + medical health", it is necessary to actively construct a self-help intervention model for depression with Chinese cultural characteristics, and form a systematic and standardized intervention strategy to address the many obstacles in time, location, resources and cost of people with depression, and finally achieve the purpose of improving the patients′ depressive symptoms and helping them to restore their social functions.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ciprofol and propofol for gynecological surgeries with general anesthesia through a meta-analysis.Methods:Electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, China Biomedical Literature Database, and China Science and Technology Journal Database were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing the safety and efficacy of ciprofol and propofol in gynecological surgeries with general anesthesia from inception to May 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.4 software.Results:Six randomized controlled trials were included, involving 741 patients, of which 371 received ciprofol and 370 received propofol. Compared with propofol group, the emergence time was significantly prolonged, the difference in mean arterial blood pressure, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure before and after anesthesia induction was decreased, and the incidence of injection pain, respiratory depression, body movement and hypotension was decreased in ciprofol group ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of time of successful anesthesia induction, difference in BIS values and heart rate before and after anesthesia induction, and incidence of tachycardia, bradycardia and hypertension ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Ciprofol is comparable to propofol in terms of efficacy and has better safety than propofol when used in gynecologic surgeries with general anesthesia.

AIM: To explore the role and mechanism of silent mating type information regulator 2 homolog 3 (SIRT3) in attenuation of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by dexmedetomidine in mice. METHODS: Twenty-four healthy male C57BL mice were divided into 4 groups randomly (n=6): sham operation group (Sham group), intestinal ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R group), dexmedetomidine group (Dex group), SIRT3 inhibitor 3-TYP group (3-TYP group). Superior mesenteric artery was clamped for 45 min followed by reperfusion for 2 h to establish intestinal I/R model in I/R group, Dex group, and 3-TYP group. Sham group received sole sham operation. 1 h prior to onset of ischemia, 3-TYP was injected into mice in 3-TYP group intraperitoneally (5 mg/kg, diluted to 0.3 mL), and 0.3 mL normal saline into mice in Dex group intraperitoneally. 30 min prior to onset of ischemia, dexmedetomidine was injected into mice in 3-TYP group and Dex group intraperitoneally (25 μg/kg, diluted to 0.3 mL). 1 h and 30 min prior to onset of ischemia, 0.3 mL normal saline was injected into mice in Sham group and I/R group intraperitoneally, respectively. 2 h of after reperfusion, the mice were sacrificed under anesthesia. Intestinal tissues were took and observed for pathological changes under light microscope after HE staining, and the injury was assessed via the Chiu's score method, and activities of SIRT3 and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) were detected via spectrophotometry, and malondialdehyde (MDA) via spectrophotometry. RESULTS: The pathological injury was exacerbated, and the Chiu's score, the MDA level elevated remarkably, while the activity level of SIRT3 and SOD2 declined remarkably in I/R group, Dex group and 3-TYP group compared to Sham group (P<0.05). The pathological injury was alleviated, and the Chiu's score declined remarkably in Dex group and 3-TYP group compared to I/R group (P<0.05); and the MDA level declined remarkably, while activity level of SIRT3 and SOD2 elevated remarkably in Dex group compared to I/R group (P<0.05); and there was no significant difference both in the activity level of SIRT3 and SOD2 and in the MDA level between 3-TYP group and I/R group. The pathological injury was exacerbated, and the Chiu's score, the MDA level elevated remarkably, while the activity level of SIRT3 and SOD2 declined remarkably in 3-TYP group compared to Dex group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: SIRT3 and its downstream SOD2 are involved in mediating the effect of attenuation of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury through inhibiting oxidative stress response by dexmedetomidine.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effect of umbilical therapy in adult ulcerative colitis.Methods:The clinical randomized controlled trials (RCT) related to the effect of umbilical therapy in ulcerative colitis in the Chinese and English databases were systematically searched, and their citations were traced. The search time limit was from the establishment of each database to December 30, 2020. Two researchers screened and evaluated the articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and extracted article information and data. RevMan5.3 was used for meta-analysis.Results:A total of 13 Chinese articles were included, with 898 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the general symptom relief rate [ RR=0.70, 95% CI (0.12, 4.19), P=0.70]and effective rate [ RR=0.93, 95% CI (0.54, 1.59), P=0.86]between conventional therapy and umbilical therapy alone. Umbilical therapy combined with conventional therapy can improve the effective rate of treatment [ RR=1.26, 95% CI (1.18, 1.35), P<0.000 01], general symptom relief rate [ RR=1.94, 95% CI (1.44, 2.61), P<0.000 1], abdominal pain relief rate [ RR=1.90, 95% CI (1.42, 2.54), P<0.000 1], diarrhea relief rate [ RR=1.32, 95% CI (1.07, 1.64), P=0.01], remission rate of pus and blood stool [ RR=1.22, 95% CI (1.03, 1.44), P=0.02]and reduced disease activity [ MD=-1.79, 95% CI (-3.37, -0.21), P=0.03]. In terms of adverse reactions, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant [ RR=0.33, 95% CI (0.08, 0.80), P=0.13]. Conclusions:The efficacy of umbilical therapy alone is equivalent to that of conventional therapy, but umbilical therapy combined with conventional therapy is more effective in improving the treatment effective rate, general symptom relief rate and clinical symptoms. Due to the limitation of the number and quality of the included studies, long-term follow-up, large sample and rigorous RCT studies are needed to prove it.

This paper summarizes the current situation and necessity of the training of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing specialists in China, as well as the existing achievements and existing problems, and puts forward the prospects and suggestions for the training of TCM nursing team, so as to strengthen the construction of TCM nursing culture, build a high-quality TCM nursing talent team, and promote the high-quality development of TCM nursing.