The testis,as one of the important reproductive organs in men,has two major functions of secreting androgens and producing sperm.Androgen and spermatogenesis are the key factors for the evaluation of the testicular function.The lack of androgen or the decline of spermatogenic function is both a symbolic manifestation and a"product"of testis aging.In order to gain a deeper in-sight into the relationship between testis aging and overall health,this article reviews the relevant literature based on the correlation of androgen deficiency with various systemic diseases and the belief in the impacts of testis aging on the health of the cardiovascular and nervous systems through different channels,the development and progression of metabolic diseases,orthopedic diseases,PCa,kidney disease,peptic ulcer and other diseases.All these suggest that adequate attention should be paid to the studies of male reproductive health and its impact on overall health,so as to provide some new ideas and evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment of relevant conditions.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has shown promising results in patients with locally advanced penile cancer. However, no consensus exists on its applications for locally advanced penile cancer. Thus, it is unclear which kind of chemotherapy regimen is the best choice. Consequently, a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE was performed in March 2021 to assess the efficacy and safety of NAC for the treatment of patients with locally advanced penile cancer. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the risk of bias in each study. This study synthesized 14 published studies. The study revealed that patients who achieved an objective response to NAC obtained a better survival outcome compared with those who did not achieve an objective response. In addition, the objective response rates (ORRs) and pathological complete response (pCR) rates were 0.57 and 0.11, respectively. The incidence of grade ≥3 toxicity was 0.36. Subgroup analysis found that the ORR and pCR of the taxane-platinum (TP) regimen group performed better than those of the nontaxane-platinum (NTP) regimen group (0.57 vs 0.54 and 0.14 vs 0.07, respectively). Moreover, the TP regimen group had more frequent toxicity than the NTP regimen group (0.41 vs 0.26). However, further studies were warranted to confirm the findings.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Humans ; Male ; Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods* ; Penile Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Platinum ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To study the association of Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome with inflammatory response in the acute stage and coronary artery lesion (CAL) in children with Kawasaki disease (KD). METHODS: A total of 42 children with KD who were hospitalized from January to October 2017 were enrolled as the KD group, among whom 9 had CAL (CAL group) and 33 had no CAL (NCAL group). Fifteen age- and gender-matched children with pneumonia and pyrexia were enrolled as the pneumonia-pyrexia group. Fifteen healthy children were enrolled as the healthy control group. Real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The Spearman rank correlation test was used to investigate the correlation of NLRP3 mRNA expression with serum levels of C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, procalcitonin, albumin and prealbumin. RESULTS: The KD group had significantly higher mRNA expression of NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1 in the acute stage than the pneumonia-pyrexia and healthy control groups (P<0.05). The CAL group had significantly higher mRNA expression of NLRP3 than the NCAL group (P<0.05). NLRP3 mRNA expression was correlated with C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and prealbumin levels in children with KD in the acute stage (r=0.449, 0.376, 0.427, and -0.416 respectively; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS NLRP3 inflammasome may participate in inflammatory response in the acute stage and the development of CAL in children with KD.
Child ; Humans ; Inflammasomes ; Interleukin-1beta ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ; metabolism

BACKGROUNDUrine output (UO) is an essential criterion of the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definition and classification system for acute kidney injury (AKI), of which the diagnostic value has not been extensively studied. We aimed to determine whether AKI based on KDIGO UO criteria (KDIGOUO) could improve the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy, compared with KDIGO serum creatinine criteria (KDIGOSCr).

METHODSWe conducted a secondary analysis of the database of a previous study conducted by China Critical Care Clinical Trial Group (CCCCTG), which was a 2-month prospective cohort study (July 1, 2009 to August 31, 2009) involving 3063 patients in 22 tertiary Intensive Care Units in Mainland of China. AKI was diagnosed and classified separately based on KDIGOUOand KDIGOSCr. Hospital mortality of patients with more severe AKI classification based on KDIGOUOwas compared with other patients by univariate and multivariate regression analyses.

RESULTSThe prevalence of AKI increased from 52.4% based on KDIGOSCrto 55.4% based on KDIGOSCrcombined with KDIGOUO. KDIGOUOalso resulted in an upgrade of AKI classification in 7.3% of patients, representing those with more severe AKI classification based on KDIGOUO. Compared with non-AKI patients or those with maximum AKI classification by KDIGOSCr, those with maximum AKI classification by KDIGOUOhad a significantly higher hospital mortality of 58.4% (odds ratio [OR]: 7.580, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.141-13.873, P< 0.001). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, AKI based on KDIGOUO (OR: 2.891, 95% CI: 1.964-4.254, P< 0.001), but not based on KDIGOSCr (OR: 1.322, 95% CI: 0.902-1.939, P = 0.152), was an independent risk factor for hospital mortality.

CONCLUSIONUO was a criterion with additional value beyond creatinine criterion for AKI diagnosis and classification, which can help identify a group of patients with high risk of death.

Acute Disease ; mortality ; Aged ; Creatinine ; blood ; Critical Illness ; mortality ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Kidney Diseases ; blood ; mortality ; pathology ; urine ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo clarify the impact of increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression on cardiac function of diabetic rats with myocardial infarction and its mechanism.

METHODSSixty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 12): sham operation group (sham), diabetes + sham operation group (DM + sham), diabetes + MI group (DM + MI) , diabetes + myocardial infarction + cobalt original porphyrin (CoPP) group (DM + MI + CoPP), diabetes + myocardial infarction + CoPP+ tin porphyrin (SnMP) group (DM + MI + CoPP + SnMP). CoPP 4.5 mg/kg or SnMP 15 mg/kg were administered at the day next to MI operation, for six weeks, once a week. At the 28th week post operation, the echocardiography, left heart via the carotid artery indoor intubation were used to observe the long-term influence of HO-1 inducer (cobalt protoporphyrin, CoPP) and activity of HO inhibitor (tin porphyrin, SnMP) on the indices of left ventricular remodeling and cardiac function after the intervention. Blood glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum creatinine (Cr), aminotransferase (ALT) and other indicators were measured. ELISA was used to test interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin (PGI2), adiponectin, and ultra sensitive CRP (HsCRP) level.

RESULTSHO-1 inducer, CoPP, could ameliorate ± dp/dtmax, left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular shortening fraction in diabetic myocardial infarction rats. It could also decrease left ventricular end-diastolic diameter. The serum bilirubin, NO and PGI2 levels, myocardial phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthasee(peNOS), phosphorylated activated protein kinase (pAkt), phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (pAMPK) expression were also significantly elevated, and the serum hs-CRP and TNF levels were significantly inhibited. Compared to inducer group, cardiac function were worse in the inhibitor group.

CONCLUSIONUpregulated HO-1 level can improve the endothelial function, inhibite of the inflammatory response and enhance the antioxidant substances in serum bilirubin via peNOS-pAMPK pathway, which effectively inhibit ventricular remodeling and improve the long-term cardiac function after infarction in diabetic rats.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; physiopathology ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) ; metabolism ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; enzymology ; Myocardium ; enzymology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction ; Up-Regulation ; Ventricular Function, Left ; Ventricular Remodeling ; drug effects

In order to enhance the antitumor efficacy of recombinant Newcastle disease virus, rNDV-IL15 was rescued in this study. Recombinant plasmid prNDV-IL15 was constructed, and BHK21 cells were transfected with the recombinant plasmid. Finally, the recombinant Newcastle disease virus rNDV-IL15 was successfully rescued. The growth curves of these two recombinant viruses were determined. Murine melanoma B16F10 cells were infected with rNDV-IL15 at MOI of 0.1, and the expression level of IL15 in the supernatant was detected by ELISA. The antitumor efficacy of rNDV-IL15 and rNDV was compared in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that prNDV-IL15 was constructed and recombinant virus rNDV-IL15 was successfully rescued. The growth curve of rNDV-IL15 showed that the growth of rNDV-IL15 had not been changed after insertion of IL15 gene. Results showed that there was high level of IL15 expression in the supernatant of rNDV-IL5-infected B16F10 cells (1 044.3 +/- 27.7 ng x mL(-1)). rNDV-IL15 and rNDV significantly inhibited the growth of B16F10 cells in vitro in a time-dependent manner. However, there was no significant difference between them. In animal experiments, rNDV-IL15 efficiently suppressed tumor growth in vivo when compared with rNDV, and the difference was statistically significant. The results suggested that rNDV-IL15 is a more effective antitumor agent.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Chick Embryo ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Female ; Genetic Therapy ; Interleukin-15 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Melanoma, Experimental ; pathology ; therapy ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Newcastle disease virus ; genetics ; Plasmids ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection ; Tumor Burden

Objective To investigate the correlations of hepatitis B virus markers and hepatitis B virus-DNA vectors in blood between women in perinatal period and cord blood,and to assess the risk of HBV infections status in pregnant women to intrauterine fetal infective.Methods We selected 612 pregnant women who decided to delivery in hospital,in compliance with the principles of informed consent.According the difference of hepatitis virus serological markers existing in pregnant women,samples were divided into six groups.We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect hepatitis virus serological markers,existing in serum of mother and cord blood.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was supplied to test HBV-DNA load levels in these two kinds of biological specimen.Results In group A,hepatitis B virus " big 3 positives " or 1,3 positive 149 lying-in woman examples,two positive rates of HBV-DNA about pregnant women and cord blood are 99.33％ and 32.21％ ; in group B,positive rates of HBV-DNA in two kinds of specimen are 20.00％ and 3.08％ ; in group C and D,two positive rates are and the average contents of HBV-DNA,the results as mentioned in each group respectively are 65.52％,12.07％ and 13.56％,1.69％ respectively.Control group is group E,86 lying-in woman examples and the detecting results orderly are 1.16％,0.There was a significant difference in positive rate of HBV-DNA in cord blood between group A and group B subgroups (x2 =54.09,P ＜ 0.01).There is significant positive correlation between HBV-DNA vectors existing in mother's serum and the positive rate of HBV-DNA in cord blood.Hepatitis B virus the mother blood " big 3 positives " is the umbilicus blood HBV-DNA 6345 times that carries quantity in average.Conclusion ① During the perinatal period,along with the HBV-DNA load levels arising of pregnant women,the risk of HBV infections status in pregnant women to intrauterine fetal infective increased.②Suggeste to develop the compound pattern human hepatitis B immunoglobulin:Increase the composition of efficient price HBeAb-can be combinated HBeAg,HBsAb can be combinated HBsAg,strengthen the hinderance and break hepatitis B virus disseminate.③Our government should strengthen the propaganda of hepatitis B virus education.Establish and perfect to surround and produce the system of health protection.

OBJECTIVETo study the feasibility of binding pancreatic duct to mucosa anastomosis (BDM)-a complementary procedure to both binding pancreaticojejunostomy and binding pancreaticogastrostomy.

METHODS(1) Animal experimental study:gastrostomy and jejunostomy were performed on six adult New Zealand rabbits. The gastrostomy and jejunostomy shared a same stent (rubber urethral catheter, silicone tube or plastic infusion tube). Both ends of the stent were placed in gastric and enteric cavity. Purse-string suture was performed around the stent before the jejunum and the stomach were brought together for fixation by few stitches. And to observe whether the purse-string suture around a plastic tube, rubber tube or silicon tube inserted into jejunum and/or stomach can prevent leaking out of the jejunal or gastric content to cause peritonitis. (2) Clinically 7 patients were performed with BDM anastomosis. The procedure was consisted of five steps: preparation of the pancreatic stump;preparation of the jejunum; preparation of the fixing sutures between the pancreatic stump and the jejunum; implementation of the anastomosis; lastly, fixation of the jejunum beside the pancreas stump. Post-operative periodic examination of the blood amylase and the amylase in the abdominal drainage. Pancreatic fistula was classified in to two categories: parenchymal fistula (pancreatic cut surface fistula) and anastomotic leakage.

RESULTSAnimal experiment did not show any leakage around the plastic tube or silicon tube inserted into jejunum and(or) stomach. There was no anastomotic leak in all the patients. There was transient increase of amylase in two cases, but the volume of drainage did not exceed 50 ml/d and the recovery of the patients was not affected.

CONCLUSIONSBDM is a simple, safe and easy procedure to perform. It provides to the surgeons with a new option in different situations to achieve the most ideal surgical result.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; methods ; Animals ; Gastric Mucosa ; surgery ; Intestinal Mucosa ; surgery ; Pancreatic Ducts ; surgery ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; methods ; Pancreaticojejunostomy ; methods ; Rabbits

BACKGROUNDInvasion growth is the most characteristic biological phenotype of glioblastoma, but the molecular mechanism in glioma cell invasion is poorly understood. Recent data have showed that microRNA plays an essential role in tumor invasion. Our study aimed to explore the mechanism of miR-7 involved in the control of glioblastoma cell invasion.

METHODSGlioma cell invasion was evaluated by transwell and scratch assays after up-regulation of miR-7 using miR-7 mimics in U87 and U251 cells. Luciferase reporter assay was used to determine focal adhesion kinase (FAK) as a target of miR-7. The levels of miR-7, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 mRNA were detected by PCR assay, and the levels of FAK, MMP-2, MMP-9, total and phosphorylation serine/threonine kinase (AKT), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 were measured by Western blotting analysis.

RESULTSOver-expression of miR-7 inhibited the invasion and migration activity of U87 and U251 cells. And up-regulation of miR-7 reduced FAK protein expression, Further, luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-7 modulated FAK expression directly by binding 3'UTR of FAK mRNA. In addition, miR-7 repressed p-ERK1/2 and p-AKT level, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression. Finally, the inverse relationship between FAK and miR-7 expression was certificated in human glioma tissues.

CONCLUSIONTo our knowledge, these data indicate for the first time that miR-7 directly regulates cell invasion by targeting FAK in glioblastoma and that miR-7 could be a potential therapeutic target for glioblastoma intervention.

Blotting, Western ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glioblastoma ; enzymology ; genetics ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; genetics ; metabolism ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between serum resistin level, cardiovascular risk factors and severity of coronary disease in acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

METHODSAfter evaluated by clinical history, electrocardiography, exercise tolerance tests, laboratory tests, and coronary angiography, 220 consecutive patients with suspected chest pain were divided into normal control group, stable angina pectoris (SAP) group, and ACS group, respectively. Baseline clinical characteristics, including height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, white blood cell count, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, were compared among three groups. ELISA was used to detect serum resistin levels. Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis was used to assess association between resistin and other traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to define the relationship between serum resistin level and SAP or ACS.

RESULTSSerum resistin level in ACS group (1.18+/-0.48 microg/L) was significantly higher than that in normal control and SAP groups (0.49+/-0.40 and 0.66+/-0.40 microg/L; P<0.01). Only in ACS group, increased serum resistin level was significantly correlated with hsCRP (r=0.262, P=0.004) and white blood cell count (r=0.347, P=0.001). Furthermore, serum resistin levels showed a stepwise increase with the number increase of > 50% stenosed coronary vessels. Multinomial logistic regression test demonstrated that serum resistin was a strong risk factor for ACS (OR=29.132, 95 % CI: 10.939-77.581, P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONThese findings suggested the potential role of resistin in atherosclerosis and especially its involvement in ACS.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; blood ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Aged ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Coronary Disease ; blood ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Resistin ; blood ; Risk Factors