Objective To explore the possible causes of CAST/EiJ mouse susceptibility to multiple pathogens,the immune cell phenotypes in the peripheral blood and spleen of CAST/EiJ mice were analyzed to clarify their composition.Methods Classical dendritic cells(cDCs),natural killer(NK)cells,B lymphocytes,T lymphocytes,and their subsets in the peripheral blood and spleen of CAST/EiJ mice and C57BL/6J mice were detected by flow cytometry using the cell surface markers CD3,CD4,CD8,CD11b,CD11c,CD19,CD27,CD49b,and TCRβ.Results There was no significant difference in the proportion of cDCs between CAST/EiJ and C57BL/6J mice,but the cDC1 cell subset population was smaller in CAST/EiJ.The proportions of NK cells(mainly mature NK cell subsets)and T lymphocytes(mainly CD8+T cells)were both lower in CAST/EiJ mice than C57BL/6J mice,while the proportion of B cells was higher in CAST/EiJ mice than C57BL/6J mice.Conclusions The proportions of NK and T lymphocytes in CAST/EiJ mice were lower than those in C57BL/6J mice.

BACKGROUND: The treatment of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy (MCSM) aims at sustaining the spinal cord compression and restoring the stability of the cervical vertebrae at most.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characters of anterior cervical discectomy with fusion and expansive open-door laminoplasty for MCSM.METHODS: Sixty-seven patients with MCSM were divided into two groups, and treated with anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (group A) or posterior cervical expansive open-door laminoplasty (group B). All the patients were followed up for 12 months, and the range of motion of cervical vertebrae, cervical curvature index were observed,as well as the Visual Analogue Scale and Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores were condueted. Moreover, the operation time, blood loss and adverse reactions were recorded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The loss of range of motion of the cervical vertebrae in the group B was significantly less than that in the group A (P < 0.05). (2) The cervical curvature index in the group A was significantly improved (P < 0.05), but the index had no significant change in the group B. (3) The axial systems were significantly improved in both groups, especially in the group A (P < 0.05). (4) The neurological function was significantly improved in both groups (P < 0.05), which showed no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). (5) The intraoperative blood loss in the group B was significantly more than that in the group A (P < 0.05). (6) The incidence of hoarseness and dysphagia in the group A was 19％. The incidence of wound infection, cerebrospinal fluid leakage and C5 nerve root palsy in the group B was 9％. (7) These results suggest that during choosing an appropriate method for MCSM,surgeons' skills and patients' situation should be considered.

Objective To compare the effect of thoracoscopic and laparoscopic surgery with conventional thoracic surgery on esophageal cancer and its influence on pulmonary function. Methods Ninety?four patients with esophageal cancer treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from March 2010 to March 2016 were selected and were divided into the control group ( 54 cases) and the study group ( 40 cases) according to operation methods. The control group received traditional thoracotomy. The study group received thoracoscopic and laparoscopic surgery. The operation and pulmonary function indexes were compared. Results The operation time of the patients in the study group was significantly longer than that in the control group ( (218. 1±35. 8) min vs. (192. 3±40. 1) min,t=3. 23,P<0. 05). Intraoperative blood loss of the patients in the study group was significantly less than that in the control group ( (286. 4±83. 5) ml vs. (343. 7 ±96. 7) ml,t=3. 01,P<0. 05) . The number of lymph nodes cleared of the patients was significantly higher in the study group ( (18.0±5.4) node vs. (15.5±4.6) node,t=2.42,P<0.05).Thoracic drainage of the patients in the study group was significantly less than that in the control group ( (650. 3±61. 3) ml vs. (1153. 5 ±133. 7) ml,t=22. 12,P<0. 05). Chest tube pull out time in the study group was significantly earlier than that in the control group ( (5. 1±1. 3) d vs. (8. 0±1. 8) d,t=8. 65,P<0. 05). First exhaust time in the study group was significantly earlier than that in the control group ( (33. 2±6. 7) h vs. (40. 7±7. 3) h,t=5. 10,P<0. 05). Hospital stay in the study group was significantly shorter than that in the control group ( ( 13. 8 ± 2. 8 ) d vs. (18. 2± 3. 6) d, t=6. 42, P<0. 05) . Postoperative complications occurred in 4 cases in the study group, accounting for 10%, significantly lower than that in the control group, 15 cases, 27. 8%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4. 50,P<0. 05) . VC,FEV1 and MVV in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( VC:( 81. 5 ± 15. 6 )% vs. ( 42. 3 ± 8. 1 )%;FEV1: ( 85. 7 ± 9. 1 )% vs. ( 43. 6 ±6. 8)%;MVV:(76. 0±8. 9)% vs. (48. 3±7. 6)%,t=15. 83,25. 68,16. 24,P<0. 05). 3?year survival rate of the study group and the control group were 45. 0% (18/40) and 44. 4% (24/54),respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 0. 01, P> 0. 05 ) . Conclusion Thoracoscopic and laparoscopic surgery for esophageal cancer has the advantages of small trauma,rapid recovery and low incidence of complications and obvious protective effect on pulmonary function. It is safe and feasible.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between long-, short-term systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) and renal damage in elder population. Methods: Our research was conducted in the 3rd physical examination of healthy population from Kailuan group by cohort study. Cluster sampling was used by 25% ratio in subjects≥60 years of age to monitor their 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and finally, 2464/3064 participants with inclusion criteria were recruited. SBPV indexes as standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (SSD), variability independent of the mean (VIM), maximum-minimum difference (MMD) and average real variability (ARV) were examined; renal damage indexes as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and microalbuminuria (ALBU) were detected. Relationships between different long-term, short-term SBPV indexes and eGFR, ALBU were studied by multi-liner regression analysis. Results:①The mean age of 2464 participants was (67.41 ± 6.05) years including 1667 (67.7%) male and 797 (32.3%) female.②Multi-liner regression analysis indicated that different long-term SBPV indexes were not related to eGFR and ALBU; 24h SBPV in all 4 indexes and day-time SSD, MMD, ARV were negatively related to eGFR; 24h ARV and day-time MMD, ARV were positively related to ALBU; night-time SBPV indexes were not related to eGFR and ALBU.Conclusion: Different short-term SBPV indexes were, at certain point related to eGFR and ALBU

Objective To observe the association between the cardiovascular health score and newonset atrial fibrillation.Methods A total of 95 026 participants who participated the health examination between July 2006 and October 2007 at Kailuan group and without history of atrial fibrillation were selected as the observation cohort.The second,the third and the fourth health examination were performed between July 2008 to October 2009,July 2010 to October 2011,July 2012 to October 2013,respectively.A total of 85 028 participants were included in the final analysis after excluding participants who had new-onset valvular atrial fibrillation and participants lost to follow-up.The participants were divided into 4 subgroups by cardiovascular health score at baseline according to the definition of AHA and cardiovascular health scoring system,namely group of 0-6 points (n =11 103),7-8 points (n=24 487),9-10 points (n =32 556),and 11 14 points (n =16 882).The incidence of atrial fibrillation in each subgroup was observed,and the association between cardiovascular health score and risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation was analyzed using multiple Cox regression analysis.Results A total of 254 participants developed atrial fibrillation during the median of (5.6 ± 1.4) years follow-up.The total incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation was 0.53/1 000 person-year.The incidence of atrial fibrillation was 0.69/1 000 person-year,0.60/1 000 person-year,0.56/1 000 person-year,and 0.30/1 000 person-year,respectively in 0-6 points,7-8 points,9-10 points,and 11-14 points subgroups,respectively (P ＜ 0.01).After adjustment of age,gender,education level,income,drink,history of myocardial infarction,history of stroke,serum uric acid and C reactive protein level,multiple Cox regression analysis showed that one health score point increase was related to 8％ reduction of new onset atrial fibrillation(HR =0.92,95％ CI 0.86-0.99,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the group of 0-6 points group,the risk of atrial fibrillation in the group of 11-14 points group was reduced by 49％ (HR =0.51,95 ％ CI 0.31-0.83,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation is reduced in proportion to increase of cardiovascular health score.

Extra-nodal malignant lymphoma is often characterized by a lack of typical symptoms and positive results of auxiliary examinations, which make diagnosis difficult. In some cases, fever can be the only clinical manifestation. For the lymphoma patients presenting with persistent fever with a duration over 3 weeks, characteristics of fever including time of fever attack, fever type and effects of drugs may have significant value in the diagnosis, especially in the early stage of the disease or in rare cases.
Fever of Unknown Origin ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; Muscles ; pathology

Extra-nodal malignant lymphoma is often characterized by a lack of typical symptoms and positive results of auxiliary examinations, which make diagnosis difficult. In some cases, fever can be the only clinical manifestation. For the lymphoma patients presenting with persistent fever with a duration over 3 weeks, characteristics of fever including time of fever attack, fever type and effects of drugs may have significant value in the diagnosis, especially in the early stage of the disease or in rare cases.

Extra-nodal malignant lymphoma is often characterized by a lack of typical symptoms and positive results of auxiliary examinations, which make diagnosis difficult. In some cases, fever can be the only clinical manifestation. For the lymphoma patients presenting with persistent fever with a duration over 3 weeks, characteristics of fever including time of fever attack, fever type and effects of drugs may have significant value in the diagnosis, especially in the early stage of the disease or in rare cases.

Objective To explore the effect of fat on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon tumors.Methods A total of 50 7-week-old male Wistar rats were further divided into four groups:standard diet feed control group (n =10),standard diet feed plus DMH-induced tumor group (SDT,n =15),high-fat diet feed control group (n =10) and high-fat diet feed plus DMH-induced tumor group (HFDT,n =15).Rats were killed 18 weeks later,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect serum triglyeeride,tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α),and colonic TNF-α,interleukin-6.After the intestinal tracts were removed,the location,amount,and size of the tumors were observed.The pathological changes of the tissue sections were observed,and the distributions of TNF-α and Ki-67 in the normal tissues and tumors were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Upon the completion of the study,the mortality rate of rats was 20.00％ in the SDT group and 26.67％ in the HFDT group,the tumor formation rate was 75.00％ in the SDT group and 81.82％ in the HFDT group,and the tumor-bearing rate was 117％ in the SDT group and 191％ in the HFDT group.No statistical significance difference between the two groups in mortality rate,tumor formation rate (P =0.545) and tumor bearing rate (x2 =1.343,P =0.247).The average tumor volume was significantly different between the standard diet feed control group and high-fat diet feed control group (28.57％ vs 66.67％,P =0.030).Also,the serum triglyceride and TNF-α levels significantly differed between the SDT group and HFDT group [TG (1.39 ± 0.31) mmol/L and TNF-α (124.80 ± 21.69) ng/L in the HFDT group and TG (0.46 ±0.20) mmol/L and TNF-α (85.83 ± 17.45) ng/L in the SDT group] (P =0.000).The expressions of TNF-α,IL-6,and Ki-67 in colonic mucosa were significantly higher in the high-fat diet feed control group than in the standard diet feed control group [TNF-α:(6.22 ± 0.63) ng/g vs (2.33 ± 0.44) ng/g,P=0.020; IL-6:(13.50±0.67) ng/gvs (7.31 ±0.41) ng/g,P=0.000; and Ki-67:40％ vs 10％,P =0.028].The Ki-67 expression rate was 90.48％ in the HFDT group,compared to 50％ in the SDT group (P =0.015).Conclusions High-fat diet can increase the serum triglyceride and TNF-α levels in rats,upregulate the expressions of TNF-α,IL-6 and Ki-67,and thus promote inflammation and cell proliferation,and ultimately affect the tumor formation and development.However,the effect of fat on DMH-induced colon tumors warrants further studies.