Objective To observe the value of the ratio of cerebral hyperdensities(PCHD)/venous sinus maximum density for predicting hemorrhagic transformation(HT)after endovascular treatment(EVT)in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS).Methods Data of 79 AIS patients with PCHD immediately after EVT were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into HT group(n=41)or non-HT group(n=38)based on the presence of HT or not.Clinical data and CT parameters were compared between groups.The value of the ratio of PCHD/venous sinus maximum density for predicting HT was evaluated.Results The maximum density of PCHD and the ratio of PCHD/venous sinus maximum density in HT group were both higher than those in non-HT group(both P＜0.001).Taken 87 HU as the best cut-off value of the maximum density of PCHD,the sensitivity,specificity and area under the curve(AUC)for predicting HT after EVT in AIS patients was 90.24%,71.05%and 0.79,respectively.Taken 0.94 as the best cut-off value of the ratio of PCHD/venous sinus maximum density,the sensitivity,specificity and AUC was 97.56%,71.05%and 0.81,respectively.No significant difference of AUC was found between the former and the latter(P＞0.05).Conclusion The ratio of PCHD/venous sinus maximum density immediately after EVT could be used to predict HT in AIS patients.

Home enteral nutrition(HEN)has demonstrated advantages in improving patients'quality of life and reducing medical costs.It is widely embraced in the United States,Europe,and other regions.Due to individual differences in the characteristics of HEN preparations,drug interactions,and variations in patient nutritional status,patients need pharmaceutical supervision from a nutritional support pharmacist(NSP)when using HEN.HEN in China is still in its infancy.There are no corresponding norms and guidelines for NSP participation in HEN and a need for specific operating standards.This article delves into the current situation of NSP participation in HEN management,the content of pharmaceutical care,and the value of pharmaceutical services.It aims to offer valuable reference evidence for future practice and research.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the qualitative study on the sexual health needs of patients with ostomy based on theoretical domains framework (TDF), providing reference for clinical care and practice.Methods:A comprehensive search was conducted for qualitative studies on the sexual experience of ostomy patients in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP database, China Biology Medicine, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Elton B. Stephens Company (EBSCO), Elsevier Scopus (SCOPUS), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases, with a timeframe of from the creation of the databases to April 15, 2024. The Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence Based Healthcare Center Critical Appraisal Tool was used to evaluate the quality of eligible literature, and the theoretical domain framework was used to integrate the extracted results.Results:A total of 11 articles were included and 51 results were extracted. Based on the theoretical framework, map the sexual health needs of ostomy patients to six core areas: knowledge, skills, optimism, outcome beliefs, environment and resources, and emotions.Conclusions:Medical staff should pay attention to the sexual health needs of patients with intestinal stomas. Based on the six core areas of knowledge, skills, optimism, outcome beliefs, environment and resources, and emotions, they should deeply explore the factors that affect their sexual health, provide professional guidance and comprehensive care, and improve their sexual health level and quality of life.

Humans ; Bile Reflux/complications* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Risk Factors ; Gastric Mucosa

Objective:To evaluate the influence of Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) infection on anxiety and depression in patients with chronic gastritis. Methods:From December 1 2020 to June 30 2021, 387 patients with chronic gastritis who visited the outpatient Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital Affiliated to Air Force Medical University were continuously recruited. According to the status of current H. pylori infection, the patients were divided into H. pylori uninfected group and H. pylori infected group. The general demographic information of patients was collected. Hamilton anxiety scale, Hamilton depression rating scale-24, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS) were filled in. The detection rates of anxiety and depression were compared between the H. pylori uninfected group and the H. pylori infected group according to demographic characteristics. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results:Finally, 360 patients with chronic gastritis were enrolled, including 200 patients in H. pylori uninfected group and 160 patients in H. pylori infected group. The detection rates of anxiety and depression of the H. pylori infected group were both higher than those of the H. pylori uninfected group (48.1%, 77/160 vs. 30.0%, 60/200; 25.0%, 40/160 vs. 12.5%, 25/200), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=12.39 and 9.39, P<0.001 and=0.002). The detection rate of anxiety of male patients in the H. pylori infected group was higher than that in the H. pylori uninfected group (45.1%, 32/71 vs. 24.5%, 27/110); the detection rate of depression of female patients in the H. pylori infected group was higher than that in the H. pylori uninfected group (30.3%, 27/89 vs. 11.1%, 10/90), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=8.27 and 10.09, P=0.004 and 0.001). The detection rates of anxiety and depression of patients less than 48 years old in the H. pylori infected group were both higher than those in the H. pylori uninfected group (46.2%, 37/80 vs. 21.9%, 21/96; 20.0%, 16/80 vs. 7.3%, 7/96), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=11.73 and 6.20, P=0.001 and 0.013). The detection rates of anxiety and depression of the patients with high school education and below in the H. pylori infected group were higher than those in the H. pylori uninfected group (56.5%, 48/85 vs. 31.7%, 38/120; 32.9%, 28/85 vs. 14.2%, 17/120), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=12.57 and 10.24, P<0.001 and =0.001). The results of multivariate analysis showed that H. pylori infection, history of hypertension, PSQI score ≥8, GSRS score ≥7, chronic superficial gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis were independent risk factors of anxiety in patients with chronic gastritis( P<0.001, =0.013, =0.001, <0.001, =0.036, =0.021), and the risk of anxiety of patients with H. pylori infection was 2.509 times as much as that in uninfected patients (95% confidence interval 1.512 to 4.163). H. pylori infection, PSQI score ≥8, GSRS score≥7, and having overnight dish ≥3 times per week all were independent risk factors of depression in patients with chronic gastritis( P=0.004, =0.002, <0.001, =0.001). The risk of depression in patients with H. pylori infection was 2.563 times as much as that in uninfected patients (95% confidence interval 1.356 to 4.846). Conclusion:H. pylori infection is correlated to anxiety and depression in patients with chronic gastritis, and it is an independent risk factor of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic gastritis.

Objective:To investigate the anxiety and depression in patients with gallbladder polyps, gallbladder stones and post-cholecystectomy.Methods:From December 2020 to August 2021, consecutive patients who visited the Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, were enrolled and divided into normal gallbladder group, gallbladder polyp group, gallbladder stone group and post-cholecystectomy group, with 100 patients in each group. Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were used to evaluate patients′ anxiety or depression. Quality of life, sleep quality and severity of gastrointestinal symptom were assessed by short form 36 (SF-36), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scale and gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS) respectively. The incidence of anxiety or depression of patients in the 4 groups were compared, and the related risk factors of anxiety and depression were analyzed. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results:Among 400 patients, 89 patients (22.2%) suffered from anxiety; and the incidences of anxiety of normal gallbladder group, gallbladder polyp group, gallbladder stone group and post-cholecystectomy group were 9.0% (9/100), 19.0% (19/100), 25.0% (25/100) and 36.0% (36/100) respectively. There was statistically significant difference in the incidence of anxiety among the 4 groups ( χ2=22.12, P<0.001). The incidence rates of anxiety of the gallbladder polyp group, gallbladder stone group and post-cholecystectomy group were all higher than that of the normal gallbladder group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( χ2=4.15, 9.07 and 20.90, P=0.042, 0.003 and <0.001). The incidence of anxiety of post-cholecystectomy group was higher than that of gallbladder polyp group, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=7.25, P=0.007). Among the 400 patients, 70 patients (17.5%) suffered from depression. The incidence rates of depression of the normal gallbladder group, gallbladder polyp group, gallbladder stone group and post-cholecystectomy group were 5.0% (5/100), 10.0% (10/100), 24.0% (24/100) and 31.0% (31/100) respectively. There was statistically significant difference in the incidence of depression among the 4 groups ( χ2=30.27, P<0.001). The incidences of depression of the gallbladder stone group and post-cholecystectomy group were both higher than that of the normal gallbladder group and gallbladder polyp group, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=14.56, 22.90, 6.94 and 13.53, P<0.001, <0.001, =0.008 and <0.001). The results of multivariate analysis showed that history of cholecystectomy, history of coronary heart disease, consumption of overnight food ≥3 times per week, PSQI score ≥ 8 and GSRS score ≥9 were independent risk factors for anxiety ( OR, 95%confidence interval: 4.02, 1.60 to 10.13; 10.01, 2.15 to 46.68; 4.15, 1.87 to 9.19; 4.69, 2.58 to 8.52; 3.02, 1.64 to 5.58; P=0.003, 0.003, <0.001, <0.001, and <0.001). Gallbladder stones history of cholecystectomy, consumption of overnight food ≥3 times per week, consumption of fresh fruit < 200 g/d, PSQI score ≥8 and GSRS score ≥9 were independent risk factors for depression ( OR, 95%confidence interval: 4.40, 1.38 to 14.06; 4.97, 1.54 to 16.12; 4.23, 1.61 to 11.08; 3.78, 1.32 to 10.85; 5.59, 2.78 to 11.27, 4.19, 1.94 to 9.04; P=0.012, 0.007, 0.003, 0.014, <0.001 and <0.001). Conclusions:The incidences of anxiety and depression in patients with gallbladder stones or post-cholecystectomy are higher than that of people with normal gallbladder. A history of cholecystectomy is the independent risk factor for anxiety and depression. Gallbladder stones is the independent risk factor of depression. Clinical attention should be paid to the mental state of patients with gallbladder polyps, gallbladder stones, especially post-cholecystectomy.

Background::High-dose dual therapy (HDDT) with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and amoxicillin has attracted widespread attention due to its favorable efficacy in eradicating Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori). This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of high-dose PPI–amoxicillin dual therapy and bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for H. pylori rescue treatment. Methods::This was a prospective, randomized, multicenter, non-inferiority trial. Patients recruited from eight centers who had failed previous treatment were randomly (1:1) allocated to two eradication groups: HDDT (esomeprazole 40 mg and amoxicillin 1000 mg three times daily; the HDDT group) and bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (esomeprazole 40 mg, bismuth potassium citrate 220 mg, and furazolidone 100 mg twice daily, combined with tetracycline 500 mg three times daily; the tetracycline, furazolidone, esomeprazole, and bismuth [TFEB] group) for 14 days. The primary endpoint was the H. pylori eradication rate. The secondary endpoints were adverse effects, symptom improvement rates, and patient compliance. Results::A total of 658 patients who met the criteria were enrolled in this study. The HDDT group achieved eradication rates of 75.4% (248/329), 81.0% (248/306), and 81.3% (248/305) asdetermined by the intention-to-treat (ITT), modified intention-to-treat (MITT), and per-protocol (PP) analyses, respectively. The eradication rates were similar to those in the TFEB group: 78.1% (257/329), 84.2% (257/305), and 85.1% (257/302). The lower 95% confidence interval boundary (–9.19% in the ITT analysis, –9.21% in the MITT analysis, and –9.73% in the PP analysis) was greater than the predefined non-inferiority margin of –10%, establishing a non-inferiority of the HDDT group vs. the TFEB group. The incidence of adverse events in the HDDT group was significantly lower than that in the TFEB group (11.1% vs. 26.8%, P < 0.001). Symptom improvement rates and patients’ compliance were similar between the two groups. Conclusions::Fourteen-day HDDT is non-inferior to bismuth-containing quadruple therapy, with fewer adverse effects and good treatment compliance, suggesting HDDT as an alternative for H. pylori rescue treatment in the local region. Trial registration::Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04678492.

In the era of increasing of antibiotic resistance, Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication rates of traditional triple and quadruple therapy are gradually declining. High-dose dual therapy (HDDT) containing proton pump inhibitors and amoxicillin may be a new breakthrough in eradicating Hp infection. Current research shows that HDDT, whether used as a first-line regimen or a rescue regimen, has a high eradication rate and a low incidence of adverse reactions. It has the potential to become a new first-line eradication therapy or rescue therapy for Hp infection in clinical practice. This article reviewed the research progress of HDDT in eradication of Hp infection.

Objective To analyze the midterm outcome of patients with congenital aortic stenosis undergoing percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty (PBAV) by single echocardiographic guidance. Methods The clinical data of 12 patients with congenital aortic stenosis who underwent PBAV by single echocardiographic guidance at Fuwai Hospital from January 2016 to November 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 7 males and 5 females with an average age of 18.27±15.30 years. The preoperative peak pressure gradient was 61.8–110.0 (80.30±24.50) mm Hg, and 50% of patients had aortic regurgitation. Results All patients successfully underwent PBAV. Aortic annulus diameter was 18.65±3.17 mm and balloon diameter was 17.62±3.77 mm, with balloon diameter to annulus diameter ratio of 0.92±0.07. The peak transaortic gradient was 16-51 (36.72±12.33) mm Hg immediately after procedure, which was significantly different from the preoperation (P=0.000). During the follow-up period, the peak transaortic gradient was 21-58 (37.06±13.52) mm Hg, and there was no significant difference between the follow-up and immediate postoperation (P=0.310). Immediately after procedure and during follow-up, 58% of patients had aortic regurgitation, which was not statistically different from the preoperation (P=0.682). Conclusion Systematic use of Doppler echocardiographic guidance for PBAV is feasible, and that it is associated with a high success rate and a very low complication rate.

Objective    To assess the efficacy and safety of percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) solely under echocardiography guidance. Methods    We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 200 patients who received the percutaneous closure of PDA under echocardiography guidance in Fuwai Hospital from August 2013 to April 2016. According the different approach, they were divided into 2 groups: a femoral artery approach group (n=143) and a femoral vein approach group (n=57). In the femoral artery approach group, there were 42 males and 101 females aged 3.20±5.63 years. In the femoral vein group, there were 10 males and 47 females aged 7.30±11.36 years. All Patients were treated by percutaneous PDA closure solely under echocardiography guidance. The follow-up was performed at one month after the operation by echocardiography, chest radiograph and electrocardiogram. Results    All 200 patients were successfully treated with percutaneous closure of PDA. The patients’ gender, in-hospital stay, rates of occluder  detachment were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with the femoral vein approach group, the femoral artery approach group had a younger age (3.20±5.63 years vs. 7.30±11.36 years, P<0.001), less body weight (14.25±11.54 kg vs. 24.25±19.14 kg, P<0.001) and shorter diameter of PDA (3.06±0.79 mm vs. 5.93±0.68 mm, P<0.001) and PDA occluders (5.43±1.00 mm vs. 12.14±0.54 mm, P<0.001), but had higher hospitalization expenses (32 108.2±3 100.2 yuan vs. 25 120.7±3 534.1 yuan, P<0.001). In the femoral vein approach group, one patient was closed under radiation guidance because guide wires could not pass through PDA. One patient in the femoral artery approach group suffered from occluder detachment at one day after operation and was cured by transthoracic minimally invasive PDA occlusion. There were no complications of occluder detachment, residual shunt, pericardial effusion or left pulmonary stenosis during the follow-up. Conclusion    Echocardiography-guided percutaneous PDA closure is safe and effective, while the proper interventional approach should be chosen by the anatomical features of PDA.