Objective:To evaluate the curative effects of 3D printed microporous titanium (tantalum) prosthesis in reconstruction of large segmental bone defects caused by lower extremity osteomyelitis.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 18 patients who had been treated for large segmental bone defects caused by lower extremity osteomyelitis between January 2020 to May 2022 at Department of Orthopaedics, The 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force. There were 10 males and 8 females with an age of (45.3±14.1) years. The defects were at the left side in 13 cases and at the right side in 5 cases, at the femur in 11 cases and at the tibia in 7 cases. The duration of osteomyelitis was 1.0 (1.0, 3.5) years. The length of bone defects was 8.35 (6.50, 9.84) cm. Their bone defects were repaired by an individually 3D printed microporous titanium (tantalum) prosthesis after operative removal of osteomyelitis lesions. The wound healing was observed after surgery. The clinical efficacy was comprehensively evaluated by the Paley grading for bone defect healing, visual analog scale (VAS), lower extremity functional scale (LEFS), and imaging examination.Results:The postoperative follow-up period for the 18 patients was (12.2±0.3) months. Wound infection occurred 2 months after surgery in one patient who was treated with Ilizarov bone transfer after removal of the microporous titanium prosthesis. The remaining 17 patients had good postoperative wound healing. At the last follow-up, the 18 patients had a VAS pain score of 2.0(1.0, 4.0) points, significantly lower than the preoperative one [(6.1±2.3) points], and a LEFS score of 54.00(34.50, 69.25) points, significantly higher than the preoperative one [18.50(9.00, 26.50) points] ( P<0.05). At the last follow-up, according to the Paley grading, the bone union was rated as excellent in 16 patients, as good in 1 patient and as poor in 1 patient. The integration of femoral fractures with 3D printed microporous titanium prostheses was fine. Conclusion:In reconstruction of large segmental bone defects caused by lower extremity osteomyelitis, implantation of a 3D printed microporous titanium (tantalum) prosthesis is feasible and effective, not only reducing pain but also restoring the limb function.

Objective To establish a drosophila reproductive dysfunction model and observe whether Danggui Shaoyao San(DSS)has an improving effect.Methods Tripterygium glycosides were used to establish the drosophila reproductive dysfunction model.The number of offspring pupae,the parental superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities,the parental reproductive-related gene expression,the F1 generation body weight,and the F1 generation development-related genes were measured to evaluate the efficacy of DSS.Results Tripterygium glycosides in a dose of 20 mg·mL-1 significantly inhibited the quantity of offspring(P<0.01)and were suitable for establishing the drosophila reproductive dysfunction model.Compared with the model control group,medium(10 mg·mL-1)and high(20 mg·mL-1)dose DSS significantly increased the number of offspring pupae(P<0.01,P<0.05).High-dose DSS significantly increased the SOD and CAT activities of the parent drosophila(P<0.01).Medium and high doses of DSS promoted the expression of drosophila parental reproduction-related genes,among which the medium dose DSS increased the mRNA expression of DEAD-Box helicase 4(VASA)and factor in the germline alpha(Figla)(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the high dose DSS increased the mRNA expression of VASA,Figla and forkhead box O(FoxO)(P<0.01).The medium dose of DSS significantly increased the body weight of F1-generation female drosophila(P<0.05),and the high dose of DSS significantly increased the body weight of both F1-generation female and male drosophila(P<0.05,P<0.01).Both the medium and high dose DSS increased the mRNA expression of the F1 generation development-related gene mammalian target protein of rapamycin(mTOR)(P<0.01).Conclusions DSS improves the reproductive function injury of drosophila induced by tripterygium glycosides.

Objective To establish a palmitic acid(PA)-induced model of lipotoxic bone formation inhibition in zebrafish.Methods AB strain zebrafish embryos were divided randomly into a blank control group,PA group,and simvastatin(SIM)group.Embryos in the PA and SIM groups received PA from 3 days post-fertilization(dpf),and embryos in the SIM group received SIM continuously for 4 days from 5 dpf.Establishment of the model was confirmed at 9 dpf by calcein staining,Nile red staining,triglyceride and total cholesterol content determination,and q-PCR.Results PA significantly decreased the number of vertebrae,promoted lipid accumulation,increased triglyceride and total cholesterol contents,promoted the expression of lipid-related genes PPARγ、c/EBPα,and inhibited the expression of osteogenic genes ALP and RUNX2.SIM improved the inhibitory effect of PA on bone formation in zebrafish.Conclusions PA can successfully create a lipotoxic model of bone-formation inhibition,similar to the pathological process of osteoporosis,using a simple,sensitive,and controllable method.This model can then be used for drug screening for osteoporosis and related diseases.

Objective To establish a fast,stable,and sensitive zebrafish model of osteoporosis(OP)using different method.Methods OP models were induced by iron overload or prednisolone(Pred),and bone formation and mortality were observed.The groups were divided into:Control group,model group(include FAC group and Pred group),and positive control group(AC group).Ammonium ferric citrate was used as the model drug in the iron-overload induction method.For the Pred induction models,the modeling time for the Pred-3 days post-fertilization(dpf)method was 3～9 dpf,the modeling time for the Pred-5 dpf method was 5～10 dpf,and Pred was administered from 3 dpf and removed from 7～9 dpf for the Pred withdrawal method.To compare the anti-osteoporosis(OP)effects of commonly used drugs such as Alfacalcidol(AC),Calcitriol(CA),and Alendronate(AL),it's important to select a stable and sensitive positive control drug and to further optimize different staining methods and conditions.Results There was no significant effect of ammonium ferric citrate 500 μg/mL on bone formation.Bone formation and the length of the first vertebra were significantly decreased in the Pred group induced by Pred-3 dpf compared with those in the control group(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),but zebrafish mortality was higher.There was no significant difference between the Pred-5 dpf method,but bone formation was significantly reduced in the Pred withdrawal group(P＜0.01),with no mortality.Alfacalcidol,calcitriol,and alendronate all had anti-OP effects,with CA having the most sensitive and stable anti-OP effect.Alizarin red staining showed that the optimal dye parameters were 0.02%concentration for dyeing 2 h,with washing in 0.5%KOH and glycerol under the conditions of a 3∶1 ratio for 3 h followed by a 1∶1 ratio for 14 h.The result of staining showed that calcein was more sensitive for staining bone nodes and ARS staining was more sensitive for staining the first vertebra.Conclusions The Pred withdrawal method can be used to establish a rapid,stable,and sensitive OP model in zebrafish as a reliable model for studying OP.

Objective To quickly observe the tonic effects of Cervi Colla on enriching blood,strengthening bones and anti-aging in zebrafish model.Methods Glyphosate(Gly)was used to construct the erythrocyte injury model in adult zebrafish,and methotrexate(MTX)was used to construct the hematopoietic function injury model of juvenile zebrafish.Prednisolone(Pred)was used to establish the inhibition model of bone formation in zebrafish larvae.The ocular cell apoptosis model of zebrafish larvae was established by dibutyl phthalate(DBP).Results Cervi Colla could improve the Gly-induced abnormal erythrocyte nucleus in adult zebrafish and promote the expression of hematopoietic factors SCL and GATA1.Cervi Colla improved Pred-induced inhibition of bone formation in juvenile zebrafish,and promoted the expression of osteoblast-related gene ALP and Runx2a.The number of ocular cell apoptosis induced by DBP was decreased,and the expression of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 was promoted.Conclusion Cervi Colla has significant effects on protecting erythrocyte,protecting hematopoiesis,protecting bone formation and anti-apoptosis.These effects may be related to replenish blood,anti-osteoporosis,and anti-aging.This study provides a scientific basis for the clinical application of Cervi Colla,and lays a foundation for further development and application.

Objective:To compare the clinical characteristics of critically ill pregnant women admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with different admission methods, in order to make more effective and rational use of ICU resources.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted. The clinical data of critically ill pregnant women admitted to ICU of Peking University Third Hospital from January 2006 to July 2019 were analyzed. According to the admission mode to ICU, the pregnant women were divided into emergency admission group (transferred to ICU on the same day or the next day due to critical illness) and planned admission group (transferred to ICU 2 days after admitting in obstetric ward). The clinical characteristics of ICU critical pregnant women, such as the incidence, causes of admission, severity of the disease, main treatment measures, mortality, and medical expenses were collected, and a comparative analysis between the two groups was performed.Results:During the nearly 14 years, a total of 576 critical pregnant women in ICU were enrolled, accounting for 0.8% (576/71 790) of the total number of obstetric inpatients and 4.6% (576/12 412) of the total number of ICU inpatients. Seven maternal deaths accounted for 1.2% of all critically pregnant women transferred to ICU, and the overall mortality of pregnant women was 10/100 thousand. Of the 576 critically pregnant women, there were 327 patients (56.8%) in the emergency admission group and 249 patients (43.2%) in the planned admission group. Compared with the planned admission group, the proportion of elective cesarean section in the emergency admission group was significantly lower (17.7% vs. 94.0%, P < 0.01), and the proportion of emergency cesarean section was significantly higher (65.1% vs. 2.4%, P < 0.01), the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE Ⅱ, APACHE Ⅲ) scores, simplified acute physiology score Ⅱ (SAPS Ⅱ) and Marshall score were significantly higher [APACHE Ⅱ score: 6.0 (4.0, 9.8) vs. 4.0 (3.0, 7.0), APACHE Ⅲ score: 14.0 (11.0, 20.3) vs. 12.0 (9.0, 16.0), SAPS Ⅱ score: 8 (0, 12) vs. 3 (0, 8), Marshall score: 2 (1, 4) vs. 1 (1, 3), all P < 0.01]. The length of ICU stay in the emergency admission group was significantly longer than that in the planned admission group [days: 2 (1, 5) vs. 2 (1, 3), P < 0.01], and the total length of hospital stay was significantly shorter [days: 9 (7, 13) vs. 13 (10, 18), P < 0.01]. Both in the emergency admission group and the planned admission group, obstetric factors were the main reason for admission, 60.9% (199/327) and 70.3% (175/249), respectively. The proportion of postpartum hemorrhage was the highest [35.2% (115/327) and 57.0% (142/249)], followed by preeclampsia/eclampsia [7.0% (23/327) and 7.6% (19/249)]. Only 7 of the 19 critically pregnant women with puerperal infection were planned admission. All 21 patients with acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) during pregnancy were emergency admission. Among the emergency and planned admission patients, 73 patients (22.3%) and 42 patients (16.9%) required mechanical ventilation (duration of mechanical ventilation > 24 hours), 99 patients (30.3%) and 35 patients (14.1%) needed vasoactive agents, 67 patients (20.5%) and 20 patients (8.0%) received hemodynamic monitoring, and 123 patients (37.6%) and 154 patients (61.8%) were given anticoagulation therapy, respectively. In terms of severity score of critical pregnant women, there were significant differences in APACHE Ⅱ, APACHE Ⅲ, SAPS Ⅱ and Marshall scores of pregnant women with different diseases. Among them, the APACHE Ⅲ, SAPS Ⅱ and Marshall scores of AFLP were the highest [21.0 (15.0, 32.5), 12.0 (6.0, 16.5) and 6.0 (3.5, 8.0), respectively]. The APACHE Ⅱ and APACHE Ⅲ scores of postpartum hemorrhage were the lowest [4.0 (3.0, 7.0), 12.0 (10.0, 16.0)]. The SAPS Ⅱ score of pneumonia was the lowest [2.0 (0, 14.0)]. The Marshall score for puerperal infection was the lowest [1.0 (0, 3.0)]. In terms of the total medical expenses, the cost in the emergency admission group was significantly lower than that in the planned admission group [10 thousand Yuan: 3.1 (2.0, 4.7) vs. 4.1 (2.9, 5.8), P < 0.05]. Conclusions:Compared with the critically ill pregnant women who planned to be admitted to ICU, the patients emergency admitted to ICU were more complicated and urgent, and the severity of the condition was scored higher. At present, the severity scoring system commonly used in ICU can only partly evaluate the severity of critically ill pregnant women, therefore, it is necessary to design the specific severity scoring system for critically ill pregnant women to effectively and rationally use the precious ICU resources.

Objective:To report our experience of treating open comminuted limb fractures caused by gunshots using the Masquelet technique.Methods:Between January 2016 and July 2018, 3 patients were admitted to Institute of Orthopedics, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistic Service of People's Liberation Army for open comminuted limb fractures caused by gunshots.They were all male, aged from 18 to 41 years (average, 30.7 years).Their fractures were complicated with perforating wounds and belonged to Gustilo type ⅢB for open fractures.The bone defects were 5 to 9 cm in length (average, 6.7 cm), located at the proximal femur in 2 cases and at the upper middle humerus in one.They were treated by standard Masquelet technique at 2 stages.The postoperative functions of the hip, knee and shoulder were evaluated according to the Harris hip score, Lowa knee score and Constant-Murley shoulder function score.Results:The 3 patients obtained an average follow-up of 17.3 months.The bone defects were all repaired in the 3 patients without any signs of infection.The 2 patients with femoral defects were rated as both excellent by the Harris hip score, as excellent in one and as good in the other by the Lowa knee score; the patient with humeral defects was rated as excellent by the Constant-Murley shoulder function score.Conclusion:Masquelet technique is a desirable treat-ment of segmental long bone defects caused by gunshots.

Early tongue cancer is more prone to occult lymphatic metastasis than other oral cancers. Therefore, the decision of whether to perform neck dissection in the early stage of tongue cancer has been a controversial issue among many scholars. To accurately evaluate the neck condition of patients and determine whether neck dissection should be performed, this article reviews evaluation factors such as sex, age, tumor site, preoperative auxiliary examination results, depth of invasion, pathological grade, and nerve, lymphatic and vascular invasion. A literature review showed that the cervical lymphatics of early tongue cancer mainly migrated to regionsⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ, and distant metastasis was rare. The cervical lymphatics of early tongue cancer were mainly affected by the depth of invasion, pathological grade, and nerve, lymphatic and vascular invasion. To achieve a high survival rate for patients with early tongue cancer, patients with preoperative ultrasound or MRI showing a tumor invasion depth of more than 5 mm, a tumor with a higher pathological grade, and clinical symptoms such as numbness or pain who are in stage T1 and T2 and who have already have nerve and vascular lymphatic infiltration according to the frozen sectioning results should be considered for primary simultaneous cervical lymphatic dissection.

Objective: To evaluate the induced membrane technique combined with microsurgery for repair of open leg fractures of Gustilo types ⅢB-C. Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 15 patients who had been treated for open leg fractures of Gustilo types ⅢB and ⅢC by the induced membrane technique and microsurgery between January 2015 and January 2017 at Institute of Orthopedics, 920 Hospital, The Joint Logistic Service of The People’s Liberation Army. They were 10 men and 5 women, aged from 18 to 41 years(average 32 years). There were 9 cases of Gustilo type IIIB and 6 ones of Gustilo type IIIC. After thorough debridement, the fractures were reduced and fixated temporarily using external frames. The bone defects were filled with antibiotic bone cement to induce biofilm formation. After necessary reconstruction of limb structures, including neurovascular repair and transposition of tendon and nerve, crucial soft-tissue wounds were covered with surgical flaps. In the secondary surgery 6 to 8 weeks later, with the external frames replaced by internal fixation or not, the bone cement was removed without damaging the biofilm before graft reconstruction with autogenous cancellous bone. Results: The 15 legs were all salvaged successfully. The in-hospital time ranged from 21 to 39 days (mean, 29 days). Crucial wounds were repaired primarily without any severe or persistent infection. Follow-ups ranged from 12 to 24 months (average, 15 months). Bone union time ranged from 10 to 17 months (average, 11.2 months) with satisfactory aesthetic and functional recovery of the leg. Conclusion Reconstruction of open leg fractures of Gustilo types Ⅲ B-C with induced membrane technique and microsurgery can result in decreased therapeutic duration, reduced complications and positive outcomes.

Objective: To study the effect and mechanism of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) on platelet activation and pyroptosis in mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- induced thrombocytopenia, and provide a theoretical basis for the clinical use of rhTPO. Methods: One hundred C57BL/6 mice were randomly(random number) divided into 5 groups: blank control group (sham group), experimental control group (LPS group), low dose (L group, 1.35 ×10³U·kg^-1·d^-1), medium dose (M group, 2.7 ×10³U·kg^-1·d^-1), and high dose (H group, 5.4 ×10³U·kg^-1·d^-1) rhTPO treatment groups. Continuous observation for 72 h. The positive expression rates of CD61/CD62p, Gasdermin D and Caspase-1 in washed platelets were detected by flow cytometry at 72 h, and the levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in plasma were detected by ELISA. Results: Compared with the sham group, the survival rate of the LPS group was significantly lower (P< 0.01). Compared with the LPS group, the survival rates of the L, M and H groups were slightly increased, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). There was no significant change in platelet count of the sham group before and after the experiment. The platelet count in the LPS group decreased significantly. The platelet count at 72 h in the L group was significantly higher than those in the LPS, M and H groups (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference between the M and H groups and LPS group (P>0.05). Compared with the sham group, CD61/CD62p and Gasdermin-D protein expressions in the LPS group were significantly increased (P<0.01), significantly decreased in the L group (P<0.05), and not significantly changed in the M and H groups (P>0.05). Caspase-1 expression was significantly increased in the LPS group compared with the sham group (P<0.01), significantly decreased in the L and M groups compared with the LPS group (P<0.05), and not significantly changed in the H group compared with the LPS group (P>0.05). The levels of platelet-rich plasma IL-1 beta and IL-18 in the LPS group were significantly higher than those in the sham group (P<0.01), while those in the L group were significantly lower than those in the LPS group (P<0.01), and those in the M and H groups were not significantly changed than those in the LPS group (P>0.05). Conclusions rhTPO can inhibit platelet activation and pyroptosis in LPS-induced thrombocytopenia mice, which provides basic research basis for the treatment of sepsis thrombocytopenia.