In order to provide basic information for the utilization and development of famous classical formulas containing Bletillae Rhizoma， this article systematically analyzes the historical evolution of the name， origin， harvesting and processing of Bletillae Rhizoma by reviewing the ancient materia medica， prescription books， medical books and modern literature. The research results showed that Baiji（白及） was the main name， some scholars took Baiji（白芨） as its main name， and there were many other names such as Baiji（白给）， Baigen（白根）， Baiji（白苙）. The mainstream source of Bletillae Rhizoma was the tubers of Bletilla striata， and drying， large， white， solid， root-free and skin removed completely were the good quality standards. With the promotion of wild to cultivated medicinal materials， there were certain differences between their traits， and the quality evaluation indexes should be adjusted accordingly. The origin of records in the past dynasties was widely distributed， with Guizhou and Sichuan having high production and good quality in modern times. The harvesting period is mostly in spring and autumn， and harvested in autumn was better. The processing and processing technology is relatively simple， and it was used fresh or powdered in past dynasties， while it is mainly sliced for raw use in modern times. Based on the results， it is suggested that the tubers of Bletilla striata of Orchidaceae should be used in the famous classical formulas， and it should be uniformly written as Baiji（白及）. And if the original formula indicates the requirement of processing， it should be operated according to the requirement， if the requirement of processing is not indicated， it can be used in raw form as medicine.

Objective:To describe functional disability rate of anxiety disorders in Chinese community adults and explore related risk factors of functional disability.Methods:To conduct in-depth data analysis on China Mental Health Survey(CMHS).The diagnostic tool for anxiety disorders was the Composite International Diagnostic Inter-view-3.0,according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition(DSM-Ⅳ).The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule,2nd edition,was the functional disability assessment standard for anxiety disorders.Weighted 12-month functional disability rate of DSM-Ⅳ anxiety disorder with co-morbidities and only anxiety disorder in population and those in patients,as well as days of partial disability were calculated.The effects of anxiety disorders comorbid other mental disorders and physical diseases and demographic factors on the severity and occurrence of functional disability were analyzed by multiple linear regression and logis-tic regression.Results:The functional disability rate of anxiety disorder with comorbidities in population was 1.7％,and 42.2％in patients,in which constituent rate of grade-four disability was the highest as 84.1％.The functional disability rate of only anxiety disorder in population was 0.3％,and 17.8％in patients.The medians of days of partial disability days in the past 30 days were from 0 to 14.42.Multiple linear regression showed a positive association between comorbid anxiety disorder with other mental disorders and physical diseases(β=0.24),comor-bid other mental disorders and physical diseases(β=0.21),physical diseases(β=0.18),comorbid anxiety disor-der and physical diseases(β=0.15),comorbid anxiety disorder with other mental disorders(β=0.08),other men-tal disorders(β=0.07),only anxiety disorder(β=0.06),lower education level(β=0.12),lower economic status(β=0.08),older age(β=0.06),non-marital status(β=0.06),male(β=0.02)and the severity of functional dis-ability.Logistic regression showed that comorbid anxiety with other mental disorders and physical diseases(OR=64.07),comorbid anxiety disorders with other mental disorders(OR=36.75),comorbid other mental disorders with physical diseases(OR=20.60),comorbid anxiety with physical diseases(OR=18.88),anxiety disorder(OR=9.20),other mental disorders(OR=6.65),physical diseases(OR=4.00),65 years old and over(OR=4.40),50 to 64 years old(OR=2.33),low economic status(OR=2.10),illiterate and below primary school educational level(OR=1.89),middle economic status(OR=1.70),elementary school educational level(OR=1.59),non-marital status(OR=1.47),male(OR=1.16)were the risk factors of the occurrence of functional disability.Conclusion:Comorbidity of anxiety disorders and other mental disorders,and physical diseases increases severity and occurrence of functional disability.Comorbidity,male,gender,older age,lower economic and educa-tional level and non-marital are risk factors of anxiety disorder functional disability.

Objective:To describe disability rates of dementia in community residents aged 65 years and over in China,and explore related risk factors of disability.Methods:This study conducted an in-depth data analysis of the China Mental Health Survey.World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0(WHODAS 2.0)was used to assess dementia disability,Community Screening Interview for Dementia(CSID)and Geriatric Mental Status Examination(GMS)were used for dementia screening and diagnosing.Univariate analysis was used to calcu-late the weighted disability rates of dementia in population and in patients,and their population distribution.Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of the occurrence of dementia disability and its severity.Results:The weighted disability rate of dementia was 2.1％in population,and 38.6％in pa-tients.The disability rates of comorbid dementia in population and in patients were higher than those of patients with only dementia.Female,older age,lower education level,lower economic status,and lower cognitive test scores in CSID had higher disability rates of dementia in population.Female and urban resident had higher disability rates of dementia in patients.Multiple linear regression showed economic status(β=0.11),gender(β=0.11),age(β=0.10),and treatment in the last 12 months(β=-0.20)were statistically associated with WHODAS 2.0 scores.Multiple logistic regression showed female(OR=2.81)and treatment in the last 12 months(OR=2.38)were statistically associated with disability.Conclusions:Persons with low economic status,female and elderly peo-ple are the high-risk groups for dementia disability.It should be paid attention to prevent dementia and its conse-quential disabilities.

Objective To understand the awareness of the emergency physicians for thrombolytic thera-py recommended by ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)guidelines and implementation sit-uation,and to analyze the related influencing factors.Methods Relying on Chengdu Emergency Quality Con-trol Center,the questionnaires were distributed to the hospitals of expert group members and the hospitals of the medical union from April to July 2023 to investigate the awareness,implementation status and training status of the emergency doctors in Chengdu area on the STEMI thrombolytic therapy.The causes affecting thrombolysis decision-making were analyzed.Results A total of 137 hospitals participated in the survey.Whether the treatment system and type of chest pain,chest pain center,percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)qualified hospitals or departments carrying out the training and hospital grade were correlated to whether STEMI patients were thrombolyzed within 12 h before transport(P＜0.05).Whether the PCI quali-fied hospital,chest pain center,chest pain treatment system and type,carrying training,hospital grade,geo-graphical location,transport duration,and thrombolytic indication understanding situation were not related to whether thrombolytic therapy was recommended for the duration from the first medical contact(FMC)to PCI(FMC-PCI)≥120 min(P＞0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that whether the de-partment carrying out the training was an influential factor for whether thrombolytic therapy was carried out within 12 h before transport in STEMI onset(P＜0.05).The hospital grade was a influencing factor for whether thrombolysis in non-chest pain treatment system was carried before transport within 12 h of the onset of STEMI.The main reason for STEMI patients being directly transfered treatment without thrombolysis within 12 h of onset was because they knew that thrombolysis was needed but did not know how to do it(50.00％).The awareness rate of thrombolytic indication in non-main urban area was higher than that in main urban area(P＜0.05).The carrying out department training rate of PCI qualified hospitals was higher than that of non-PCI qualified hospitals(P＜0.05).The receiving superior hospital training rate also had difference among different hospital grades and geographical locations.Conclusion Conducting the thrombolysis training and enhancing the learning of treatment processes directly affect the emergency physicians'choice of reperfu-sion strategies for the patients with STEMI.Continuous promotion of the construction of chest pain center or chest pain treatment unit could further increase the early reperfusion rate of STEMI.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in patients with liver cirrhosis and its medication characteristics. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 89 patients with liver cirrhosis and PVT who were hospitalized and treated in Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and according to whether TCM treatment was applied in combination, they were divided into TCM group with 59 patients and control group with 30 patients. Related data were collected for the two groups, including demographic data, laboratory examination, radiological examination, gastroscopy, history of surgery, portal hypertension-related complications, medication, and follow-up data. The independent samples t -test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Mann-Whitney U rank sum test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups; the chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. An ordinal polytomous Logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. TCM Inheritance Computing Platform (V3.0) was used to perform a drug effect cluster analysis of TCM prescriptions. Results The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that esophageal and gastric varices (odds ratio [ OR ]=3.144, 95% confidence interval [ CI ]: 1.221-8.094), PVT involving the portal vein (PV) and the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) ( OR =51.667, 95% CI : 3.536-754.859), PVT involving PV+spleen vein (SV)+SMV ( OR =13.271, 95% CI : 2.290-76.928), cavernous transformation of the portal vein ( OR =11.896, 95% CI : 1.172-120.696), and TCM intervention ( OR =0.348, 95% CI : 0.129-0.938) were influencing factors for the outcome of PVT in liver cirrhosis. Follow-up results showed that compared with the control group, the TCM group had a significantly lower progression rate (16.95% vs 56.67%, P < 0.001) and a significantly lower incidence rate of variceal rupture and bleeding (8.47% vs 33.33%, P < 0.001). Effective TCM drugs with a relatively high frequency of use included deficiency-tonifying drugs (359 times, 34.6%), blood-activating and stasis-resolving drugs (202 times, 19.5%), and diuresis-inducing and dampness-draining drugs (180 times, 17.3%); the TCM drugs with a relatively high frequency of use included Astragalus membranaceus (57 times, 8.7%), Angelica sinensis (50 times, 7.6%), and leech (48 times, 7.3%); TCM drug combinations with a relatively high frequency of use included Astragalus membranaceus+Angelica sinensis, Astragalus membranaceus+leech, Angelica sinensis+leech, and Astragalus membranaceus+Angelica sinensis+leech. Conclusion Qi-tonifying, blood-activating, and stasis-breaking drugs, such as Astragalus membranaceus, Angelica sinensis, and leech, can promote the stabilization or recanalization of PVT in liver cirrhosis and reduce the incidence rate of bleeding events due to portal hypertension.

ABSTRACT: Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial neoplasm with diverse pathological types and complicated clinical manifestations. The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (WHO CNS5), published in 2021, introduces major changes that advance the role of molecular diagnostics in meningiomas. To follow the revision of WHO CNS5, this expert consensus statement was formed jointly by the Group of Neuro-Oncology, Society of Neurosurgery, Chinese Medical Association together with neuropathologists and evidence-based experts. The consensus provides reference points to integrate key biomarkers into stratification and clinical decision making for meningioma patients. REGISTRATION Practice guideline REgistration for transPAREncy (PREPARE), IPGRP-2022CN234.
Humans ; Meningioma/pathology* ; Consensus ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Meningeal Neoplasms/pathology*

OBJECTIVE To separate and identif y the chemical constituen ts in 70％ ethanol extract of Sabia parviflora ，and to preliminarily evaluate their in vitro antioxidant activity. METHODS The chemical constituents were separated and purified by silica gel，ODS reversed-phase silica gel ，Sephadex-LH20 column and preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified by 1H-NMR，13C-NMR and ESI-MS. The in vitro antioxidant activities of the compounds were investigated by 2，2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical （DPPH·），2，2′-azino-bis（3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulfonate）diammonium radical （ABST+）and hydroxyl radical （OH·）. RESULTS A total of 9 compounds were isolated from the 70％ ethanol extracts of S. parviflora . They were identified as rutin （1），diiononyl phthalate （2），dibutyl phthalate （3），vomifoliol （4），rhododendrol（5），quercetin-3-O-gentiobioside（6），narcissoside（7），kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside（8）and bonaroside （9）. The in vitro antioxidant results showed that compound 1-9 showed certain in vitro antioxidant activity ，and the half scavenging concentrations of compound 1，6，7 and 8 to DPPH ·，ABST+，OH·were lower than 70 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS Vomifoliol， rhododendrol and bonaroside are isolated from S. parviflora for the first time ，and rutin ，quercetin-3-O-gentiobioside，narcissoside and kaempferol- 3-O-rutinoside show good in vitro antioxidant activity.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and establish a corresponding prognostic scoring model in patients with early-stage clinical features of hepatitis B-induced acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF).Methods:Clinical characteristics of 725 cases with hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic hepatic dysfunction (HBV-ACHD) were retrospectively analyzed using Chinese group on the study of severe hepatitis B (COSSH). The independent risk factors associated with 90-day prognosis to establish a prognostic scoring model was analyzed by multivariate Cox regression, and was validated by 500 internal and 390 external HBV-ACHD patients.Results:Among 725 cases with HBV-ACHD, 76.8% were male, 96.8% had cirrhosis base,66.5% had complications of ascites, 4.1% had coagulation failure in respect to organ failure, and 9.2% had 90-day mortality rate. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that TBil, WBC and ALP were the best predictors of 90-day mortality rate in HBV-ACHD patients. The established scoring model was COSS-HACHADs = 0.75 × ln(WBC) + 0.57 × ln(TBil)-0.94 × ln(ALP) +10. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of subjects was significantly higher than MELD, MELD-Na, CTP and CLIF-C ADs( P < 0.05). An analysis of 500 and 390 cases of internal random selection group and external group had similar verified results. Conclusion:HBV-ACHD patients are a group of people with decompensated cirrhosis combined with small number of organ failure, and the 90-day mortality rate is 9.2%. COSSH-ACHDs have a higher predictive effect on HBV-ACHD patients' 90-day prognosis, and thus provide evidence-based medicine for early clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To investigate the effects of G-CSF-mobilized autologous stem cells in the prevention of radiation pulmonary injury.Methods Mice were divided into control group,irradiation group and treatment group.Mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by exposing chest to a single dose of 14 Gy.Animals in the treatment group received recombinant human G-CSF (250 μg/kg daily for 5 d) before the irradiation in order to mobilize autologous stem cells in vivo.The general condition and mortality were documented after radiation injury.The pathological study with histological scoring,Masson staining and Sirius red staining with polarized light analysis were used to identify lung injury and the potential benefit of stem cell mobilization.Results Local chest irradiation of a single dose of 14 Gy was a suitable dose to create radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.The death rate was 37.5％,which mainly happened around 11 weeks after injury.In contrast,all of the animals in G-CSF treated group survived.The ratio of lung to body mass was significantly increased in both irradiation group and treatment group (F =23.20,P＜0.05) around 3 months after the injury,with a higher ratio in irradiation group than that in treatment group (P＜0.05).Histological scoring for alveolar inflammation at 3 months after injury revealed statistically significant difference in irradiation group and treatment group compared with control group (F=11.93,P＜ 0.05).At this time point,the pathological observation showed lung tissue degeneration and necrosis with alveolitis and interstitial inflammation,as well as fibroblasts proliferation and focal collagen deposition in alveolar septa.At 4 month after the injury,the inflammation ininterstitial tissue was receded,but fibrosis and collagen deposition were significantly increased.In addition,at 3 and 4 months afterinjury,the pulmonary fibrosis was aggravated in irradiation group (F=28.73,16.85,P＜0.05),and significantly alleviated in the treatment group (P＜0.05).The similar results were confirmed in collagen content analysis (IOD) by Sirius red staining and image analysis (F =17.70,17.79,P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Autologous mobilization of stem cells could prevent the death of radiation-injured animals possibly by alleviating early lung injury and interstitial inflammation as well as the late pulmonary fibrosis,suggesting a therapeutic potential of autologous stem cell mobilization in radiation pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the influence of social cognition and interaction training(SCIT) on psychiatric symptoms, social function and life quality of patients with schizophrenia in remission. Methods 90 patients with schizophrenia were randomized into intervention group and control group. Combined with primary medication, patients in intervention group were treated with SCIT for 10 weeks while patients in control group were treated with routine mental supportive treatment. Patients' psychiatric symptoms, social function and life quality after treatment were observed. Results Scores of positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), social disability screening schedule(SDSS), family assessment device (FAD) and general quality of life inventory (GQOLI) in two groups before intervention were not significantly different(P＞0. 05). Compared with those before intervention, scores of positive syndrome, negative syndrome and total score of PANSS decreased significantly in two groups respectively (P＜0. 05) and these indicators in intervention group improved more significantly when compared with control group (P＜0. 05). Scores of SDSS and FAD in intervention group decreased when compare with those before intervention and were lower than those in control group(P＜0. 05). After intervention, scores of body function, physiological function, social function and quality of life in intervention group increased significantly (P＜0. 05) and were higher than those in control group after intervention (P＜0. 05). There were no significant differences of scores of material life satisfaction between before and after intervention or be tween groups (P＞0. 05). Conclusion SCIT could improve the social function and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia in remission significantly and could relieve the clinical symptoms of patients with schizophrenia in remission to some extent.