Objective To investigate the difference of hepatic microvessel density, neovasculariza-tion of regenerating liver tissue after ablation of two ways of irreversible electroporation and radiofrequency ablation in rats. Methods 90 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, including the control group ( n =30), the irreversible electroporation group ( n =30 ) and the radiofrequency ablation group (n=30). 3,7 and 10 days were executed after the operation and draw material, expression of vascu-lar endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and CD34 in tissue was studied by immunohistochemistry, and the mi-crovascular density of tissue and VEGF positive cells were measured. Results The microvascular density of 3, 7 and 10 days in the control group was 50. 3 ± 12. 5, 54. 6 ± 11. 9 and 58. 2 ± 14. 7, the microvascular density of the radiofrequency ablation group was 18. 4 ± 4. 7, 17. 3 ± 5. 1 and 18. 1 ± 5. 9, respectively. The microvascular density of the irreversible electroporation group was 42. 8 ± 10. 4, 45. 6 ± 10. 2 and 49. 2 ± 13. 8, respectively. The positive cells of VEGF in control group was 50, 56 and 57 at 3, 7 and 10 days, and 32, 30 and 33 at 3, 7 and 10 days in radiofrequency ablation group, 44, 43 and 45 at 3, 7 and 10 days in irreversible electroporation group; expression of VEGF and CD34 in 3, 7, 10 d and the microvascular density of ablation area in radiofrequency ablation group was significantly lower than those in control group after irreversible electroporation and radiofrequency ablation. No significant differences were found between irreversible electroporation group and control group. Conclusion The irreversible electroporation can effectively protect the microvessels in the ablation area, ensure the tissue’s blood supply after the ablation, and provide a guarantee for the repair and regeneration of the tissue.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease characterized as inflammatory demyelinating of the central nervous system,which is the main cause of non-traumatic neurological disability in young and middle-age adults.The main manifestations of MS are memory and information processing speed,executive function and other cognitive impairments.MS associated with memory impairment (MSMI) is often overlooked because of the occult onset,which seriously affecting patients' life quality.In recent years,with the rapid development of neuro-functional imaging,MRI has become an important method to observe and diagnose MS,providing imaging evidence for diagnosis of MSMI.The clinical and MRI research progresses of MEMI were reviewed in this article.

Objective To evaluate the overall survival in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAC) treated with irreversible electroporation (IRE) and chemotherapy.Methods A retrospective study on the overall survival of 30 patients with LAC treated with IRE,and 30 patients with LAC treated with chemotherapy from July 2015 to October 2016 in the PLA General Hospital was conducted.Results For the 30 patients with LAC who underwent IRE successfully,there were 21 women and 9 men.The median age was 59 (36 ～81) years.Twenty-four patients had primary pancreatic head cancer and 6 had body cancer.Twelve (40.0％) of these patients had chemotherapy after the IRE ablation.The 90-day mortality in the IRE treated patients was 3 (10.0％).For the 30 patients with LAC who were treated with chemotherapy,the 90-day mortality was 6 (20.0％).In comparison of the IRE treated patients with the chemotherapy treated patients,improvements on disease-free survival (6 months vs.4 months,P ＜ 0.05) and overall survival (11 months vs.5.6 months,P ＜ 0.05) were observed.Conclusion IRE ablation of LAC was safe and could potentially improve overall survival when compared with the standard chemotherapy treatment.

Objective To expand the influence and promotion effect of the grassroots health demonstration base of appropriate technology at county level,explore the practice model for full coverage.Methods Four consortium and eight units in the county were engaged into the whole process,the whole cycle,synchronous implementation;the promotion practices were divided into different stages with different focuses based on priority setting;Stratified training,classified promotion strategies were involved to carry out the appropriate technology for all 11 items covered.Results The technical promotion training,technical promotion applications were completed with full coverage in the county,gained high satisfaction from both medical staff and public.Enhanced the technology radiation ability,also the base's annual development was increasing year by year.Conclusions The base construction full coverage promotion experiences can be shared and learned by other areas which aims for the promotion of fit health techniques.

Objective To evaluate the perioperative safety and effect of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma (LAPC).Methods Twenty patients with imaging and cytohystological diagnosis of unresectable locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma were enrolled to undergo IRE treatment.The perioperative IRE-related complications were primarily analyzed to evaluate the safety of the procedure.The tumor reduction and biological response were analyzed through CT/MRI imaging and serous level of CA19-9.Results All patients were successfully treated with an average tumor size of(4.2 ± 0.6) cm and an average procedure time of (52.0 ± 23.3) minutes.Three intraoperative procedure-related complications were observed (15.0％) including two transient hypertension and one transient superventricular tachycardia.Six postoperative complications were described including two Grade A pancreatic fistula,one infection of incision,one portal vein thrombosis,one gastrointestinal hemorrhage and two functional delayed gastric emptying.The symptom remission rate was 73.7％ and lower serum CA19-9 level was recorded in all patients at discharge.Conclusions IRE is a safe and feasible procedure in the treatment of LAPC, and a reasonable operation strategy of IRE is helpful to consolidate the safety and efficacy.

Objective Nanoknife,also called irreversible electroporation,is a new technique of tissue ablation.Short,microsecond electrical pulses with high voltage are applied to the cell membrane,causing pores to form within the membrane and finally leading to cell death.The current study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of the nanoknife in the ablation of the healthy pig pancreas.Methods Three healthy pigs underwent open pancreatic tissue ablation with nanoknife,and blood leukocytes and amylase were detected before and after treatment.Three pigs were sacrificed and gross specimens were collected on day 5,day 10 and day 15 after the procedure,respectively.HE staining and TUNEL staining were conducted and tissue,cellular and subcellular structures were observed under the ordinary microscope and transmission electron microscopy.Results Three experimental pigs recovered well after the procedure.No significant adhesions were found surrounding the pancreatic tissue,and the ablation zone was slightly harder.Transiently increased leukocyte count and amylase level were observed after the ablation,which decreased to the normal level on day 3 after treatment.Under light microscope,the pancreatic tissues in ablation zone appeared to be significantly different from the normal surrounding regions,with more cell death and more apoptotic cells detected by TUNEL staining.The subcellular structure changes also changed under electron microscope.But the main pancreatic duct and its large branches,together with arteriovenous distributions did not change much.Conclusions Nanoknife pancreatic tissue ablation can induce irreversible damage.In the ablation area,pancreatic duct and vascular structures are kept intact.Within a reasonable voltage range and appropriate electrical pulses setting,nanoknife ablation is safe in vivo experiment.

Objective To discuss the interactive management mode (IMM) of preventive treatment on osteoporosis self-rehabilitation of rural elderly residents.Methods IMM was used to manage osteoporosis patients in the community of Changshu,and general self-efficacy scale was adopted for evaluation.Results Self-efficacy score (34.2) increased comparing with before(23.5 ) the medical management,the difference was statistically significant ( P＜0.05 ).Conclusion IMM of preventive treatment can effectively improve the rural community general self-efficacy level.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of early interfering of yellow-water on Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) in lower extremities of hip fracture patients after operation. Methods 60 patients with hip fracture were recruited into a control group and a treatment group randomly. The control group was treated with low molecular heparin,while the treatment group was treated additionally with yellow-water on that basis. The status of pain, swelling levels, vascular color doppler ultrasound and safety of medication were reviewed after two weeks. Results There was 23.3% cure rate and 60.0% significant improvement rate in the treatment group, and 13.3% cure rate and 40.0% significant improvement rate in the treatment group. The therapeutic effect in the treatment group was better than the control group, with significant difference (P＜0.05 ) . Conclusion Yellow-water was effective in early interfering in DVT in lower extremity due to its quickness in eliminating swelling and alleviating pains with no stimulus feeling.

To investigate the effect of Toxoplasma gondii infection upon the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and N-methyl-D-aspirate receptor (NMDA) subunits NR2A and NR2B,Wistar rats of 4 weeks old were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 rats in each group in which 2 mL suspensions of T.gondii tachyzoits in the concentrations of 2×10~7/mL and 2×10~5/mL were injected intra-peritoneally to rats in group A and group B respectively, serving as the experimental groups, while 2 mL of sterile physiologic saline was injected intra-peritoneally in group C serving as the control group. Four weeks after injection, the expressions of BDNF mRNA and BDNF protein in the brain tissues were detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical assay and the expressions of NR2A and NR2B immune activity in the hippocampal CA1,CA3 and DG were investigated by using computer-assisted image analysis system. Compared with the control group, the expression of BDNF protein in the hippocampus of the experimental groups was significantly enhanced [(64.27±23.18), (50.39±19.34) vs (44.68±22.74)/mm~2,P＜0.05]. In addition, the increased expressions of BDNF mRNA in the hippocampus of the experimental groups were also demonstrated [(0.13±0.02), (0.12±0.02) vs (0.09±0.01); P＜0.05]. In the expression of the NR2A protein, their expressions in group A and B of rats were significantly lower than that of group C in CA3 (P＜0.05),but there was no significant change in CA1 and DG. In the expression of NR2B protein, the expressions in group A and B were also lower than that of group C in CA1 and CA3, and had no significant change in DG. It is evident that the expressions of BDNF mRNA and BDNF protein in hippocampal tissues were significantly increased following chronic infection with T.gondii, supporting the hypothesis that BDNF may be involved in the intrinsic neuro-protective mechanism.

The pharmacodynamics of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) administered by different routes to rats was investigated in this paper. The hypotensive effect of PGE1 was used as an index of drug efficacy, pharmacodynamic parameters such as time to reach peak effect (Tmax), maximal percentage of blood pressure decrease (Emax, %), duration of effect (Td), and the area determined after PGE1 given to rats intranasally, sublingually, intraperitoneally (ip),and intramuscularly (im), separately, and compared with those obtained from intravenous (iv) administration. Similar to iv route, the pharmacodynamic parameters of PGE1 from the other administration routes, Emax, Td and in particular AUC values were all increased with increasing doses, showing dose-efficacy relationship. Tmax was found to be approximately 3-4 min for nasal route, 3-8 min for im, 6-8 min for ip and 12-30 min for sublingual route, separately. Thus, the order of magnitude of absorption rate of the drug was as follows: nasal≈im＞ip＞sublingual. If the pharmacological bioavailability (PF) for each administration route was used as a tentative measure of drug absorption extent, the order of magnitude of absolute bioavailability appeared as follows: nasal＞im≈ip＞sublingual. Furthermore, the interindividual difference was found to be larger for im and ip route than that for nasal and sublingual route. These results indicate nasal and sublingual routes are two promising routes for the systemic delivery of PGE1 in clinical applications.