Objective To explore the effect of community pharmacy outpatient service on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods A non-randomized controlled study was conducted, and type 2 diabetes patients managed in the community were divided into an intervention group of 112 cases and a control group of 110 cases. The control group received routine medication guidance during general practice outpatient visits, while the intervention group received comprehensive pharmacy outpatient service intervention based on routine medication guidance in general practice. Follow-up visits were conducted every 3 months. Repeated measurement analysis of variance and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to evaluate the intervention effect of the pharmacy outpatient service. Results Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels in the intervention group showed a decreasing trend with the increase of intervention time compared to pre-intervention time （P<0.01）, with increased duration of weekly exercise, decreased staple food intake, increased vegetable intake, and increased medication adherence score （P<0.01）. After adjusting for confounding factors through multivariate linear regression model, pharmacy outpatient intervention was found to be an independent protective factor for fasting blood glucose level （β=−0.891, P<0.01） and glycosylated hemoglobin level （β=−0.760, P<0.01） in the study subjects. Conclusion The community pharmacy outpatient service could enhance the self-management ability of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and effectively improve patients’ fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin.

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behaviors are common among adolescents with depressive disorders， and school bullying is recognized as a major risk factor. Previous research has shown that self-esteem and alexithymia are closely associated with both school bullying and NSSI. However， the mediating roles of self-esteem and alexithymia in the link between school bullying and NSSI are unclear. ObjectiveTo explore the mediating roles of alexithymia and self-esteem in the relationship between school bullying and NSSI behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorders， in order to inform intervention strategies targeting NSSI in this population. MethodsA total of 335 adolescents diagnosed with depressive disorders and treated at the First Psychiatric Hospital of Harbin from July 2023 to October 2024 were enrolled. Assessments included a self-developed demographic questionnaire， Adolescent Non-suicidal Self-injury Assessment Questionnaire-Behavior （ANSAQ-B）， Delaware Bullying Victimization Scale-Student （DBVS-S）， Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale （RSES）， and 26-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale （TAS-26）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship among variables. Controlling for gender and age at onset of depressive symptoms， mediation analysis was performed using the “mediation” package in R 4.4.2. ResultsScores on DBVS-S and TAS-26 were positively correlated with ANSAQ-B score （r=0.408， 0.417， P<0.01）， while RSES scores were negatively correlated（r=-0.300， P<0.01）. Regression analysis showed that school bullying and alexithymia significantly positively predicted NSSI behaviors （B=0.212， 0.333， P<0.01）， while self-esteem negatively predicted NSSI behaviors （B=-0.368， P<0.01）. Alexithymia was found to mediate the relationship between school bullying and NSSI behaviors， with an indirect effect of 0.040 （95% CI： 0.018~0.069） ，account for 17.17% of the total effect. The indirect effect through self-esteem was not statistically significant （95% CI： -0.004~0.069）. ConclusionExposure to school bullying and high levels of alexithymia are important predictors of NSSI behavior in adolescents with depressive disorders， and school bullying may indirectly influence NSSI behavior through alexithymia. ［Funded by Scientific Research Project of Health Commition of Heilongjiang Province，（number， 20230303090154］

The identification of suitable seed cells represents a critical scientific problem to be solved in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue regeneration. The application of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in tissue and organ repair and regeneration has been studied extensively. In recent years, dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells have also shown broad application prospects in the field of bone tissue engineering. DFAT cells express stem cell-related markers and have the potential to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, nerve cells, cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells. In addition, DFAT cells also have the advantages of minimally invasive acquisition, strong proliferation and high homogeneity. Currently, all studies involving the application of DFAT cells in scaffold-based and scaffold-free bone tissue engineering can confirm their effectiveness in promoting bone regeneration. However, cytological research still faces some challenges, including relatively low cell culture purity, unclear phenotypic characteristics and undefined dedifferentiation mechanisms. It is believed that with the continuous development and improvement of isolation, culture, identification and directional induction of osteogenic differentiation methods, DFAT cells are expected to become excellent seed cells in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue engineering in the future.

The identification of suitable seed cells represents a critical scientific problem to be solved in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue regeneration.The application of adipose-derived stem cells(ASCs)in tissue and organ repair and regeneration has been studied extensively.In recent years,dedifferentiated fat(DFAT)cells have also shown broad application prospects in the field of bone tissue engineering.DFAT cells express stem cell-related markers and have the potential to differentiate into adipocytes,osteoblasts,chondrocytes,nerve cells,cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells.In addition,DFAT cells also have the advantages of minimally invasive acquisition,strong proliferation and high homogeneity.Currently,all studies involving the application of DFAT cells in scaffold-based and scaffold-free bone tis-sue engineering can confirm their effectiveness in promoting bone regeneration.However,cytological research still faces some challenges,including relatively low cell culture purity,unclear phenotypic characteristics and undefined dediffer-entiation mechanisms.It is believed that with the continuous development and improvement of isolation,culture,identi-fication and directional induction of osteogenic differentiation methods,DFAT cells are expected to become excellent seed cells in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue engineering in the future.

The identification of suitable seed cells represents a critical scientific problem to be solved in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue regeneration.The application of adipose-derived stem cells(ASCs)in tissue and organ repair and regeneration has been studied extensively.In recent years,dedifferentiated fat(DFAT)cells have also shown broad application prospects in the field of bone tissue engineering.DFAT cells express stem cell-related markers and have the potential to differentiate into adipocytes,osteoblasts,chondrocytes,nerve cells,cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells.In addition,DFAT cells also have the advantages of minimally invasive acquisition,strong proliferation and high homogeneity.Currently,all studies involving the application of DFAT cells in scaffold-based and scaffold-free bone tis-sue engineering can confirm their effectiveness in promoting bone regeneration.However,cytological research still faces some challenges,including relatively low cell culture purity,unclear phenotypic characteristics and undefined dediffer-entiation mechanisms.It is believed that with the continuous development and improvement of isolation,culture,identi-fication and directional induction of osteogenic differentiation methods,DFAT cells are expected to become excellent seed cells in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue engineering in the future.

The identification of suitable seed cells represents a critical scientific problem to be solved in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue regeneration.The application of adipose-derived stem cells(ASCs)in tissue and organ repair and regeneration has been studied extensively.In recent years,dedifferentiated fat(DFAT)cells have also shown broad application prospects in the field of bone tissue engineering.DFAT cells express stem cell-related markers and have the potential to differentiate into adipocytes,osteoblasts,chondrocytes,nerve cells,cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells.In addition,DFAT cells also have the advantages of minimally invasive acquisition,strong proliferation and high homogeneity.Currently,all studies involving the application of DFAT cells in scaffold-based and scaffold-free bone tis-sue engineering can confirm their effectiveness in promoting bone regeneration.However,cytological research still faces some challenges,including relatively low cell culture purity,unclear phenotypic characteristics and undefined dediffer-entiation mechanisms.It is believed that with the continuous development and improvement of isolation,culture,identi-fication and directional induction of osteogenic differentiation methods,DFAT cells are expected to become excellent seed cells in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue engineering in the future.

The identification of suitable seed cells represents a critical scientific problem to be solved in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue regeneration.The application of adipose-derived stem cells(ASCs)in tissue and organ repair and regeneration has been studied extensively.In recent years,dedifferentiated fat(DFAT)cells have also shown broad application prospects in the field of bone tissue engineering.DFAT cells express stem cell-related markers and have the potential to differentiate into adipocytes,osteoblasts,chondrocytes,nerve cells,cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells.In addition,DFAT cells also have the advantages of minimally invasive acquisition,strong proliferation and high homogeneity.Currently,all studies involving the application of DFAT cells in scaffold-based and scaffold-free bone tis-sue engineering can confirm their effectiveness in promoting bone regeneration.However,cytological research still faces some challenges,including relatively low cell culture purity,unclear phenotypic characteristics and undefined dediffer-entiation mechanisms.It is believed that with the continuous development and improvement of isolation,culture,identi-fication and directional induction of osteogenic differentiation methods,DFAT cells are expected to become excellent seed cells in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue engineering in the future.

The identification of suitable seed cells represents a critical scientific problem to be solved in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue regeneration.The application of adipose-derived stem cells(ASCs)in tissue and organ repair and regeneration has been studied extensively.In recent years,dedifferentiated fat(DFAT)cells have also shown broad application prospects in the field of bone tissue engineering.DFAT cells express stem cell-related markers and have the potential to differentiate into adipocytes,osteoblasts,chondrocytes,nerve cells,cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells.In addition,DFAT cells also have the advantages of minimally invasive acquisition,strong proliferation and high homogeneity.Currently,all studies involving the application of DFAT cells in scaffold-based and scaffold-free bone tis-sue engineering can confirm their effectiveness in promoting bone regeneration.However,cytological research still faces some challenges,including relatively low cell culture purity,unclear phenotypic characteristics and undefined dediffer-entiation mechanisms.It is believed that with the continuous development and improvement of isolation,culture,identi-fication and directional induction of osteogenic differentiation methods,DFAT cells are expected to become excellent seed cells in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue engineering in the future.

The identification of suitable seed cells represents a critical scientific problem to be solved in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue regeneration.The application of adipose-derived stem cells(ASCs)in tissue and organ repair and regeneration has been studied extensively.In recent years,dedifferentiated fat(DFAT)cells have also shown broad application prospects in the field of bone tissue engineering.DFAT cells express stem cell-related markers and have the potential to differentiate into adipocytes,osteoblasts,chondrocytes,nerve cells,cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells.In addition,DFAT cells also have the advantages of minimally invasive acquisition,strong proliferation and high homogeneity.Currently,all studies involving the application of DFAT cells in scaffold-based and scaffold-free bone tis-sue engineering can confirm their effectiveness in promoting bone regeneration.However,cytological research still faces some challenges,including relatively low cell culture purity,unclear phenotypic characteristics and undefined dediffer-entiation mechanisms.It is believed that with the continuous development and improvement of isolation,culture,identi-fication and directional induction of osteogenic differentiation methods,DFAT cells are expected to become excellent seed cells in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue engineering in the future.

The identification of suitable seed cells represents a critical scientific problem to be solved in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue regeneration.The application of adipose-derived stem cells(ASCs)in tissue and organ repair and regeneration has been studied extensively.In recent years,dedifferentiated fat(DFAT)cells have also shown broad application prospects in the field of bone tissue engineering.DFAT cells express stem cell-related markers and have the potential to differentiate into adipocytes,osteoblasts,chondrocytes,nerve cells,cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells.In addition,DFAT cells also have the advantages of minimally invasive acquisition,strong proliferation and high homogeneity.Currently,all studies involving the application of DFAT cells in scaffold-based and scaffold-free bone tis-sue engineering can confirm their effectiveness in promoting bone regeneration.However,cytological research still faces some challenges,including relatively low cell culture purity,unclear phenotypic characteristics and undefined dediffer-entiation mechanisms.It is believed that with the continuous development and improvement of isolation,culture,identi-fication and directional induction of osteogenic differentiation methods,DFAT cells are expected to become excellent seed cells in the field of oral and maxillofacial bone tissue engineering in the future.