Objective To explore the effects of Buxue Shengsui Recipe on anemia and immune injury in zebrafish and its mechanism.Methods Tg(gata1a:DsRed)zebrafish was used as experimental subjects to establish phenylhydrazine-induced zebrafish anemia model.To observe the effect of different concentrations of Buxue Shengsui Recipe on the average strength of zebrafish dorsal blood vessels.Besides,Tg(lysc:DsRed)zebrafish was used as experimental subjects to establish immune injury model of zebrafish induced by chloramphenicol and vinorelbine.To observe the effect of Buxue Shengsui Recipe on the number of neutrophils in zebrafish tail.The expression of interleukin 6(IL-6),interleukin 10(IL-10)and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)mRNA was detected by Real time-PCR.Results Compared with the model group,0.5 mg·mL-1 and 2 mg·mL-1 Buxue Shengsui Recipe significantly increased the average strength of zebrafish dorsal blood vessels(P<0.01)in a dose-dependent manner.2 mg·mL-1 Buxue Shengsui Recipe significantly reversed the decrease of neutrophils caused by chloramphenicol and vinorelbine(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the expression of IL-6 and IL-10 mRNA of zebrafish in Buxue Shengsui formula group was significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and TNF-α mRNA expression was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion Buxue Shengsui Recipe can improve the anemia state of zebrafish induced by phenylhydrazine,and has obvious protective effect on the immune injury of zebrafish induced by chloramphenicol and vinorelbine,which is related to the up-regulation of cytokines IL-6,IL-10 and the down-regulation of TNF-α.

CD70/CD27 pathway plays an important role in human immune regulation.The role of CD70/CD27 pathway in immune regulation is mainly to promote the activation and proliferation of T cells,induce the differentiation and formation of effector T cells and memory T cells,and interfere with regulatory T cells.In addition,the high level of CD70 expression in some tumor cells provides a new way for tumor immunotherapy.

Objective To observe the effects of A2a adenosine receptor antagonist SCH442416 and ZM241385 on the expression of glutamine synthetase(GS) and L-Glutamate/L-Aspartate Transporter(GLAST) in rat retina under chronic ocular hypertension model.Methods Rat chronic ocular hypertension models were induced in the right eye of 12 male Sprague Dawley rats by blocking three episcleral veins,the left eye as control one.Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured and compared at postoperative 1 week,2 weeks and 3 weeks.54 male chronic ocular hypertension rats were divided into 3 groups randomly,topically applying A2a adenosine receptor antagonist SCH442416,ZM241385 and carrier,respectively,three times a day for three weeks.At three weeks,mRNA and protein expression of GS and GLAST in rat retina were analyzed by RealTime-PCR and Western-blot.Results The average IOP of the modeling eyes at postoperative 1 week,2 weeks and 3 weeks were higher than that of the control eyes (all P ＜ 0.05).The mRNA and protein expression of GS and GLAST in the retina of SCH442416 and ZM241385 groups increased significantly compared to the carrier group (all P ＜ 0.05).However,the differences of mRNA and protein expression of GS and GLAST between SCH442416 and ZM241385 groups was not significant(all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Rat chronic ocular hypertension model can be induced by blocking three episceral veins successfully and effectively.A2a adenosine receptor antagonist SCH442416 and ZM241385 increase the expression of GS and GLAST.There seems no difference between the effects of these two drugs.

Microglia, the main innate immune cells in the central nervous system, takes part in lots of physiological and pathological processes in the brain.It not only maintains brain homeostasis but also participates in the process of brain injury and repair under pathological conditions.In developmental brain, microglial synaptic pruning may eliminate weaker synapses and retain stronger synapses.Synaptic pruning also plays a vital role in mediating the formation of neural circuit under physiological condition, contributes to cell and myelin debris clearance, promotes maturation of oligodendrocytes, which surround the bare axon to form myelin sheath, and helps the regeneration of neurons and synapses.Recently, increasing number of studies on microglial synaptic pruning has advanced our understanding of the underlying mechanism for synaptic pruning and its relevant physiological functions.Here, we reviewed microglial synaptic pruning function and its potential regulatory mechanisms in brain under physiological and pathological conditions.

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to detect the expression of GRHL2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues, and to assess the relationship between GRHL2 expression and clinicopathological features.

METHODSImmunohistochemistry was used to examine GRHL2 in 75 CRC tissues. GRHL2 mRNA and protein levels in the CRC tissues were also analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The relationship between GRHL2 and clinicopathological features was assessed by Pearson's chi-square (χ(2)) test.

RESULTSPositive immunoreactivity for GRHL2 was detected in the nuclei of CRC cells. GRHL2 expression was increased in CRC tissues compared withthat in the paired non-tumor tissues (61.3% vs. 44.0%, P<0.01). Moreover, qRT-PCR results showed that the relative expression level of GRHL2 mRNA in the colorectal cancer tissue was (2.64±0.35), significantly higher than that of normal mucosa tissue (1.19±0.23, P<0.001). The expression level of GRHL2 mRNA was higher in stage III-IV patients (2.84±0.36) than that of stage I-II cases (2.31±0.32, P<0.05). Western blot results also showed that the expression level of GRHL2 protein in the colorectal carcinoma tissue was significantly higher than that in the normal mucosa (P<0.05). GRHL2 expression was positively correlated with tumor size, TNM stage and Ki-67 (P<0.05, respectively).

CONCLUSIONTaking together, our findings demonstrate that GRHL2 is overexpressed in CRC, and plays an important role in the progression of CRC.

Blotting, Western ; Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective The purpose of this study was to detect the expression of GRHL2 in colorectal cancer ( CRC ) tissues, and to assess the relationship between GRHL2 expression and clinicopathological features. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to examine GRHL2 in 75 CRC tissues. GRHL2 mRNA and protein levels in the CRC tissues were also analyzed by qRT?PCR and Western blot. The relationship between GRHL2 and clinicopathological features was assessed by Pearson′s chi?square (χ2 ) test. Results Positive immunoreactivity for GRHL2 was detected in the nuclei of CRC cells. GRHL2 expression was increased in CRC tissues compared withthat in the paired non?tumor tissues ( 61. 3% vs. 44.0%, P<0.01) . Moreover, qRT?PCR results showed that the relative expression level of GRHL2 mRNA in the colorectal cancer tissue was (2.64±0.35), significantly higher than that of normal mucosa tissue (1.19± 0.23, P<0.001). The expression level of GRHL2 mRNA was higher in stage Ⅲ?Ⅳ patients(2.84±0.36) than that of stage Ⅰ?Ⅱ cases(2.31±0.32, P<0.05). Western blot results also showed that the expression level of GRHL2 protein in the colorectal carcinoma tissue was significantly higher than that in the normal mucosa ( P<0.05) . GRHL2 expression was positively correlated with tumor size, TNM stage and Ki?67( P<0.05, respectively) . Conclusion Taking together, our findings demonstrate that GRHL2 is overexpressed in CRC, and plays an important role in the progression of CRC.

Objective The purpose of this study was to detect the expression of GRHL2 in colorectal cancer ( CRC ) tissues, and to assess the relationship between GRHL2 expression and clinicopathological features. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to examine GRHL2 in 75 CRC tissues. GRHL2 mRNA and protein levels in the CRC tissues were also analyzed by qRT?PCR and Western blot. The relationship between GRHL2 and clinicopathological features was assessed by Pearson′s chi?square (χ2 ) test. Results Positive immunoreactivity for GRHL2 was detected in the nuclei of CRC cells. GRHL2 expression was increased in CRC tissues compared withthat in the paired non?tumor tissues ( 61. 3% vs. 44.0%, P<0.01) . Moreover, qRT?PCR results showed that the relative expression level of GRHL2 mRNA in the colorectal cancer tissue was (2.64±0.35), significantly higher than that of normal mucosa tissue (1.19± 0.23, P<0.001). The expression level of GRHL2 mRNA was higher in stage Ⅲ?Ⅳ patients(2.84±0.36) than that of stage Ⅰ?Ⅱ cases(2.31±0.32, P<0.05). Western blot results also showed that the expression level of GRHL2 protein in the colorectal carcinoma tissue was significantly higher than that in the normal mucosa ( P<0.05) . GRHL2 expression was positively correlated with tumor size, TNM stage and Ki?67( P<0.05, respectively) . Conclusion Taking together, our findings demonstrate that GRHL2 is overexpressed in CRC, and plays an important role in the progression of CRC.

In order to investigate the feasibility of the modified chitosan-gelatin crosslinked membrane (MC-Gel) and chitosan-gelatin crosslinked membrane (CS-Gel) to be a potential biomaterial for corneal regeneration, we evaluated their physicochemical properties and intraocular biocompatibility in this study. White light transmission and permeability of these membranes were detected. Results showed that white light transmission of both membranes was above 90% at 500 nm, which was similar to that of human cornea. The glucose, tryptophan and NaCl permeability of MC-Gel membrane and CS-Gel membrane was better than or similar to those of human cornea. The methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to assess cell viability and proliferation. Also, interlamellar corneal transplantation was carried out to evaluate ophthalmic biocompatibility of MC-Gel membrane and CS-Gel membrane. Results indicated that MC-Gel membranes could support the proliferation of HCEC and displayed good intraocular biocompatibility when implanted into rabbits. No severe inflammatory reaction occurred after transplantation and the implanted MC-Gel membrane degraded completely 16 weeks post-operation. Due to its good physicochemical properties and biocompatibility, MC-Gel membrane could be a promising candidate material for corneal regeneration.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Cells, Cultured ; Chitosan ; chemistry ; Cornea ; cytology ; Corneal Injuries ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; Epithelium, Corneal ; cytology ; physiology ; surgery ; Gelatin ; chemistry ; Guided Tissue Regeneration ; methods ; Humans ; Membranes, Artificial ; Rabbits ; Regeneration ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds

The degradable performance and bio-mineralization function of PLA-PEG-PLA/PLA tissue engineering scaffolds in vitro and in vivo were systematically studied. The X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectra showed that there was the deposition of bone-like carbonate hydroxyapatite on the surface of scaffolds. We found that the weight of scaffolds did not always decrease with the prolongation of time in vitro. At the same time, we found that after the PLA-PEG-PLA/PLA tissue engineering scaffolds were embedded in skulls of rhesus monkeys, the new bone area reached 75% at the 12th week. Histological observation showed that the new bones were rebuilt and knitted bones were formed at the 12th week. These findings meant that the PLA-PEG-PLA/PLA tissue engineering scaffolds were potential in clinical use.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Substitutes ; chemistry ; Implants, Experimental ; Macaca mulatta ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Polymers ; chemistry ; Skull ; drug effects ; physiology ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds ; chemistry

Objective To evaluate the safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy's in aged patients in plateau region.Method From January 2005 to June 2006,a total of 64 local aged gallbladder disease patients were included,in which 32 cases received open cholecystectomy(OC)and 32 cases received laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Postoperative cardiopulmonary complications were compared.Results In the LC group,1 case of acute pneumonedema,1 case of chronic right heart failure and 1 case of pulmonary infection occurred;and 3 cases of left heart failure accompanied with pneumonedema,2 cases of right heart failure and 5 cases of pulmonary infection occurred in the OC group.The incidence of cardiopulmonary complications of the LC group was significantly lower than that of the OC group(9% vs 31%,?2=4.730,P=0.030).Conclusions In the circumstances of high altitude,low atmospheric pressure and low oxygen partial pressure,LC is safer than OC for aged patients in regard to postoperative complications.