Objective:To analyze the hotspots and trends of the researches on artificial intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods:Based on the core database of Web of Science, the studies over AI in the diagnosis and treatment of TBI published from January 2000 to June 2024 were obtained by searching with the subject headings. VOSviewer software was used to analyze the publication year trend, country publication volume, country cooperation network, author publication volume, author citation frequency and author cooperation network. CiteSpace software was also used to identify key words with a significant rise in frequency over a short period of time to obtain the research trends.Results:A total of 2 662 relevant studies were retrieved, from which 677 related with AI in the diagnosis and treatment of TBI were finally enrolled. The number of published studies per year generally showed a rapid growth from 2018 to 2023. The United States had the highest number of publications as a country (362 studies). The author Camarillo had the most publications (9 studies). Rehabilitation was the keyword with the highest frequency (133 times) and the clustering topics containing the three largest number of keywords were virtual reality (VR), mild TBI, and deep learning. The keywords of mobile application, mobile health and intracranial pressure showed a significant increase in frequency from January 2022 to June 2024.Conclusions:VR technology, mild TBI and deep learning technology are the research hotspots of AI in TBI diagnosis and treatment. Mobile apps, mobile health, and intracranial pressure may be new research trends for AI in the diagnosis and treatment of TBI.

To explore the pharmacogenomic markers that affect the platinum-based chemotherapy response in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), we performed a two-cohort of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including 34 for WES-based and 433 for microarray-based analyses, as well as two independent validation cohorts. After integrating the results of two studies, the genetic variations related to the platinum-based chemotherapy response were further determined by fine-mapping in 838 samples, and their potential functional impact were investigated by eQTL analysis and in vitro cell experiments. We found that a total of 68 variations were significant at P < 1 × 10^-3 in cohort 1 discovery stage, of which 3 SNPs were verified in 262 independent samples. A total of 541 SNPs were significant at P < 1 × 10^-4 in cohort 2 discovery stage, of which 8 SNPs were verified in 347 independent samples. Comparing the validated SNPs in two GWAS, ADCY1 gene was verified in both independent studies. The results of fine-mapping showed that the G allele carriers of ADCY1 rs2280496 and C allele carriers of rs189178649 were more likely to be resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy. In conclusion, our study found that rs2280496 and rs189178649 in ADCY1 gene were associated the sensitivity of platinum-based chemotherapy in NSCLC patients.

Objective:To investigate the effect of ultrasonic debridement mediated by 0.9% sodium chloride solution and 0.5% iodophor volt combined with eddy current washing and high pressure pulse washing on the removal of colonized bacteria on the wound surface of diabetic foot and wound healing.Methods:From March to November 2020, a total of 60 patients using ultrasonic therapy for debridement were divided into control group, experimental group 1, experimental group 2 and experimental group 3 by random digit table in the fourth People′s Hospital of Dalian. The final effective data collected was 15 cases in each group. The control group was given ultrasonic debridement mediated by 0.9% sodium chloride solution and eddy current washing.Experimental group 1 was given ultrasonic debridement mediated by 0.9% sodium chloride solution and high pressure pulse washing. Experimental group 2 received 0.5% iodophor mediated ultrasonic debridement and eddy current washing. Experimental group 3 0.5% iodophor mediated ultrasonic debridement and high pressure pulse washing. The size of the wound was measured, sampled and bacterial cultured before and after the first, fifth and 10th intervention. The wound bacterial clearance rate and wound area reduction rate were calculated and compared.Results:Before and after 3 interventions, the bacterial clearance rate and the total reduction of wound surface in 4 groups were increased ( P<0.01), the total bacterial clearance rate of experimental group 3 was the highest, which was (93.85 ± 9.87)%.The total reduction rate of wound in experimental group 2 was the highest, which was (20.831 4 ± 9.379 8)%. Conclusions:0.5% iodophor mediated ultrasonic debridement combined with high pressure pulse washing is the most effective way in the removal of diabetic foot wounds, and 0.5% iodophor solution mediated ultrasonic debridement combined with eddy current washing is the most effective in reducing diabetic foot wounds.

Objective:To investigate the interaction between heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) and evaluate its effect on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lung cancer A549 cells.Methods:EMT model was established by treating lung cancer A549 cells with 5 μg/L transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), which was used as TGF-β1 group, and the normal lung cancer A549 cells were used as control group. The interaction between Hsp90 and SIRT1 in lung cancer A549 cells was detected by immunocoprecipitation method. The expression of Hsp90 gene was silenced by RNA interference technique, and the cells were divided into TGF-β1 group, TGF-β1+ siRNA-Hsp90-neg group and TGF-β1+ siRNA-Hsp90 group. Transwell invasion assay was used to investigate the effect of the interaction of Hsp90 and SIRT1 on the invasion ability of lung cancer A549 cells. The expressions of Hsp90, SIRT1, E-cadherin and vimentin were detected by Western blotting. The effect of inhibiting Hsp90 expression on the stability of SIRT1 protein and EMT of lung cancer A549 cells was observed.Results:After 48 h induction with TGF-β1, EMT characteristics of lung cancer A549 cells were induced successfully. The relative expression levels of Hsp90 protein in the control group and TGF-β1 group were 0.45±0.05 and 1.31±0.06, respectively, the relative expression levels of SIRT1 protein were 0.29±0.04 and 0.95±0.08, respectively, and there were statistically signigicant differences ( t=10.98, P=0.018; t=7.39, P=0.028). The results of immunocoprecipitation showed that there was an interaction between Hsp90 and SIRT1 protein in lung cancer A549 cells. The relative expression levels of Hsp90 in the TGF-β1 group, TGF-β1+ siRNA-Hsp90-neg group and TGF-β1+ siRNA-Hsp90 group were 0.75±0.07, 0.63±0.06 and 0.23±0.05, respectively, and there was a statistically significant difference ( F=18.85, P=0.012). The relative expression levels of SIRT1 in the above three groups were 0.99±0.08, 0.97±0.12 and 0.35±0.05, respectively, and there was a statistically significant difference ( F=16.52, P=0.014). The expression levels of Hsp90 and SIRT1 in the TGF-β1+ siRNA-Hsp90 group were significantly lower than those in the TGF-β1 group ( P=0.019, P=0.016). The numbers of cells passing Matrigel in the above three groups were 378.13±27.70, 323.52±19.82 and 142.51±22.54, respectively, and there was a statistically significant difference ( F=27.35, P=0.022). The number of cells passing Matrigel in the TGF-β1+ siRNA-Hsp90 group was significantly less than that in the TGF-β1 group ( P=0.028). The relative expression levels of E-cadherin in the above three groups were 0.31±0.02, 0.34±0.04 and 0.63±0.05, respectively, and there was a statistically significant difference ( F=19.39, P=0.031). The relative expression levels of vimentin in the above three groups were 0.33±0.02, 0.27±0.05 and 0.09±0.03, respectively, and there was a statistically significant difference ( F=12.58, P=0.012). The expression level of E-cadherin in the TGF-β1+ siRNA-Hsp90 group was significantly higher than that in the TGF-β1 group ( P=0.017), while the expression level of vimentin was significantly lower than that in the TGF-β1 group ( P=0.023). Conclusion:Hsp90 interacts with SIRT1, and Hsp90 inhibition can lead to the decrease of SIRT1 protein level. Hsp90 may play a role of molecular chaperone to maintain the conformation stability of SIRT1, and the interaction between Hsp90 and SIRT1 may be one of the molecular mechanisms for the occurrence of EMT and the enhancement of invasion ability of lung cancer A549 cells.

Objective:To understand the research progress and quality of lung cancer screening guidelines and consensus in China and abroad, and to provide reference for the formulation of high-quality lung cancer screening guidelines in China.Methods:Databases including PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, SinoMed, VIP and Wanfang Data were searched, websites and important references were also searched by hand retrieval. The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation Ⅱ(AGREE Ⅱ) and Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT) were used to assess the quality of newly published or updated guidelines and consensus.Results:A total of 9 guidelines and consensus published between 2015 and 2020 were included in this study, with countries including the United States, China, Canada, Saudi Arabia and South Africa. The field of scope and purpose and clarity of presentation scored relatively high but the rigor of development and applicability scored low. Five guidelines were judged to be A-level, all of which were published abroad, and the remaining four were B-level, including three guidelines and consensus issued by China and 1 guideline issued by South Africa. The report rate of RIGHT were higher in basic information and background, lower in review and quality assurance, funding and declaration and management of interests. There were 5 guidelines with a good level and 4 guidelines and consensus with a moderate level. The best overall quality guidelines were those published by the American College of Chest Physicians in 2018 and by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care in 2016.Conclusions:The number of countries and institutions that issue lung cancer screening guidelines and consensus had been increasing gradually, but the quality in China remained low. It is necessary to develop high-quality lung cancer screening guidelines suitable for China's national conditions in combination with evidence-based methods to guide practice.

Objective:To understand the mental health status of pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy, and explore the influencing factors.Methods:The general demographic information and pregnancy information of 575 pregnant women in the Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort Study were collected. The mental health status of pregnant women in the third trimester was investigated by using Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and University of California at Los Angeles. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors for mental health of pregnant women.Results:In the third trimester of pregnancy, the incidence of depression was 16.52%, the incidence of anxiety was 11.13%, and the incidence of feeling loneliness was 26.26%. Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with those with education level of junior high school below, those with education level of college or bachelor's degree ( OR=0.418, 95% CI: 0.184-0.950) and master's degree or above ( OR=0.116, 95% CI: 0.027-0.503) were less likely to feel loneliness. Pregnant women with higher annual family income (10 000 RMB yuan) were less likely to suffer from depression (≥20 vs. <10: OR=0.527, 95% CI: 0.279-0.998), anxiety (10-20 vs. <10: OR=0.363, 95% CI: 0.180-0.731; ≥20 vs. <10: OR=0.271, 95% CI: 0.132-0.554) and feeling loneliness (≥20 vs. <10: OR=0.477, 95% CI: 0.276-0.826). Conclusions:The education level and family income have impacts on the mental health status of pregnant women in the third trimester. Medical staff should give targeted psychological advice to pregnant women to improve their mental health status.

Data standard plays an important role in the process of data collection, Integration and sharing in clinical cohort studies, and more attention have been paid to it. This paper summarizes the 5 international proven data standard model, analyze their characteristics and development status, and match their data modules with the general data set of the clinical cohorts to evaluate the international data standard models' applicability and provide reference for the development and improvement of the data standard model for clinical cohort studies in China.

Objective To analyze the prevalence of depression in early pregnancy, explore its possible influencing factors, and provide reference for mental health care during pregnancy. Methods A baseline survey of 9 193 early pregnant women recruited by the Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort Study (CPWCS) program was conducted. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to assess the depression symptoms in early pregnancy. The χ² test and multivariable logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The rate of depression in early pregnant women in CPWCS was 46.50%. Multivariate analysis showed that unplanned pregnancy (OR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.12~1.35, P<0.001), passive smoking (OR=1.28, 95%CI: 1.18~1.39, P<0.001), drinking (OR=1.35, 95%CI: 1.12~1.63, P=0.002) and consumption of carbonated or sugary beverages （OR=0.80, 95%CI: 0.73~0.88, P<0.001） were risk factors for depression during early pregnancy, while enough sleep (OR=0.71, 95%CI: 0.57~0.88, P=0.002), moderate-high level of physical activity (OR=0.87, 95%CI: 0.78~0.98, P=0.023), healthy intake of vegetables and fruits（OR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.51~0.70, P<0.001), animal foods（OR=0.82, 95%CI: 0.74~0.91, P<0.001） and milk and dairy products（OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.72~0.90, P<0.001）were protective factors. Conclusion The rate of depression was high and it was affected by many factors. It is necessary to pay more attention to depression symptoms during early pregnancy and carry out targeted psychological health care during pregnancy.

Objective To understand the status of economic burden of maternal health care of pregnant women in China, and to discuss the equity and accessibility of maternal health care during pregnancy among different regions and populations. Methods A total of 9 193 women during early pregnancy were recruited from the Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort Study between July 25, 2017 and November 26, 2018. Information on general condition and economic burden of maternal health care was surveyed. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The median direct medical cost of maternity check-ups for pregnant women was 400 CNY per visit, and the median cost of lost work was 360 CNY per visit. The analysis of the results showed that the median medical expense was highest in pre-pregnant women with BMI <18.5kg/m² (P=0.008). The median medical expense was higher in urban residents than rural residents (P<0.001). Families with fewer members had higher direct medical expenses (P<0.001, P_trend=0.003). The higher the socioeconomic status was, the higher the direct medical expense was (P<0.001, P_trend=0.003). The cost of lost work was lower in pregnant women with higher socioeconomic status (P=0.025, P_trend=0.017). In addition, the medical expense was highest in women living in the eastern part of China (P<0.001). The direct medical expenses (P=0.002) and lost-time expenses of pregnant women in the North were higher than those in the South (P=0.013). Conclusion The problem of equity and accessibility of maternal health care still existed. It is recommended that relevant departments further improve maternal health care services and build a diversified healthcare service system to ensure maternal and child health and promote eugenics.

Under the limitation of cross-sectional studies, more researchers are turning their attention to maternal and child cohort studies. However, some problems do exist in the traditional maternal and child cohort studies, if data is only gathered from the hospitals. The limitation would include the contents of research and the high rate of loss to follow-up. With the integration of different medical traits and the progress in big data, the development of maternal and child related cohorts, with characteristics of dynamic follow-up and data sharing, through combining the information and health service systems of different institutions, seem in urgent need. This paper aims to provide some basic achievements in conducting maternal and child cohorts that can serve the related health problems through full-life cycle, and provide new references on conducting cohort studies, aiming at special population or diseases.