Objective: To understand the nutritional literacy level and associated factors of primary and secondary school students in Beijing, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving student nutrition. Methods: From October 2022 to May 2023, a multi stage cluster random sampling method was employed to select a total of 14 568 primary, junior and senior high school students from 16 districts (ecluding the Economic Technological Development area) in Beijing. Through a survey questionnaire on nutritional literacy and dietary hehavior of school age children, basic information as well as data on nutritional literacy levels across four dimensions:nutrition related knowledge concepts, food selection, food preparation, and food intake dimensions were obtained. The Wilcoxon rank sum test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman correlation analysis, Chi square test and binary Logistic regression were used for the analysis. Results: The median total score of nutritional literacy among primary and secondary school students in Beijing was 68.8. Approximately 26.0% of primary and secondary school students achieved nutritional literacy standards. The median scores and rates of meeting the standards for nutrition related knowledge concepts, food selection, food preparation and food intake dimensions were 23.0, 42.1%; 17.0, 27.4%; 6.5, 33.5%; 23.0, 33.3%, respectively. There were positive correlations between all pairs of the four dimensions ( r=0.33-0.49, P <0.05). The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that primary school students, junior high school students, female students, suburban students, caregivers with a college education level and a bachelor s degree or above were the positive arrelation factors that promoted the achievement of nutritional literacy standards ( OR =2.21, 1.39, 1.18, 1.27, 1.42, 1.66, P <0.05). Conclusion The literacy level of primary and secondary school students in Beijing needs to be significantly improved. School stage, gender, region and caregiver s education level are associated factors.

Objective:To compare the application effects of three different extubation techniques in patients with mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit (ICU).Methods:A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. Mechanical ventilation patients admitted to the critical care department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from July to November 2023 were enrolled. According to the random number table generated by Excel, the patients were divided into negative pressure group, positive pressure group 1 and positive pressure group 2, with 45 cases in each group. On the basis of routine nursing, the negative pressure group used the negative pressure extubation technique to remove the tracheal catheter. In the positive pressure group, the pressure support (PS) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of the positive pressure group 1 were 7 cmH 2O (1 cmH 2O≈0.098 kPa) and 5 cmH 2O, and the PS and PEEP of the positive pressure group 2 were 15 cmH 2O and 10 cmH 2O. The main outcome measures were extubation related complications, including tachypnea, severe cough, sore throat, upper airway obstruction spasm, extubation failure, hypoxemia, and hypercapnia. The secondary outcome measures were the variation of heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and blood oxygen saturation before and 1, 15 and 30 minutes after extubation. Results:Finally, 42 patients were included in each group. There were no significant differences in gender, age, catheter retention days, duration of mechanical ventilation, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ), catheter model and diagnosis among the three groups, which were comparable. There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of tachypnea, severe cough, sore throat, upper airway obstruction spasm, hypoxemia and hypercapnia among the three groups, while there was no statistically significant difference in the failure rate of extubation. The incidence of tachypnea, severe cough, sore throat, upper airway obstruction spasm, hypoxemia and hypercapnia after extubation in positive pressure group 1 and positive pressure group 2 were lower than those in negative pressure group (7.14%, 9.52% vs. 33.33%; 7.14%, 4.76% vs. 28.57%; 61.90%, 52.38% vs. 88.10%; 11.90%, 19.05% vs. 45.24%; 7.14%, 7.14% vs. 30.95%; 4.76%, 2.38% vs. 28.57%; all P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in extubation related complications between group 1 and group 2. There were significant differences in the time effect of heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and blood oxygen saturation 30 minutes after extubation among three groups ( F values were 145.792, 49.749, 22.486, 23.622 and 242.664, respectively, all P < 0.01). The intergroup effect of blood oxygen saturation was statistically significant ( F = 3.835, P = 0.024), and the blood oxygen saturation in positive pressure group 1 and positive pressure group 2 were higher than those in negative pressure group 1 minute and 30 minutes after extubation (1 minute after extubation: 0.97±0.02, 0.97±0.02 vs. 0.95±0.02; 30 minutes after extubation: 1.00±0.01, 1.00±0.01 vs. 0.99±0.02, all P < 0.05). The interaction effects of heart rate and blood oxygen saturation were statistically significant ( F values were 3.512 and 7.226, respectively, both P < 0.01). Conclusions:Compared with negative pressure extubation, positive pressure extubation can effectively reduce extubation related complications in ICU mechanically ventilated patients. It is beneficial to maintain stable blood oxygen saturation within 30 minutes after extubation, and has better clinical application effects. It is recommended to use low pressure extubation.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between aquaporin 1 (AQP1) level and vascular calcification in patients with diabetes nephropathy.Methods:A total of 125 diabetic nephropathy patients admitted to Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from March 2020 to March 2023 were retrospectively selected as case group. The case group was divided into group A (diabetes nephropathy stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ) with 31 cases, group B (diabetes nephropathy stage Ⅲ) with 32 cases, group C (diabetes nephropathy stage Ⅳ) with 39 cases, and group D (diabetes nephropathy stage V) with 23 cases. In these patients, 51 cases had vascular calcification, taken as the calcification group, and 74 cases had no vascular calcification, taken as the non calcification group. Sixty volunteers who underwent health examinations in the same hospital were selected as the control group. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the predictive value of AQP1 on vascular calcification in diabetes nephropathy patients and to explore the related factors of vascular calcification in diabetes nephropathy patients.Results:Compared with the control group, AQP1 level and calcification rate in groups A, B, C and D were higher: 6.41 ± 1.04, 7.93 ± 1.23, 9.50 ± 1.52 and 11.37 ± 2.01 vs. 3.83 ± 0.56 ng/L, 6.45% (2/31), 28.13% (9/32), 51.28% (20/29) and 86.96% (20/23) vs. 0 ( P<0.05). Compared with group A, the level of AQP1 and calcification rate in groups B, C and D were higher ( P<0.05); compared with group B, the AQP1 level and calcification rate in groups C and D were higher ( P<0.05); compared with group C, the level of AQP1 and calcification rate in group D were higher ( P<0.05). Compared to the non calcification group, the levels of uric acid, homocysteine and cystatin C in calcification group were higher: (313.82 ± 38.72) μmol/L vs. (253.42 ± 30.14) μmol/L, (20.03 ± 3.01) μmol/L vs. (15.01 ± 2.71) μmol/L, (1.73 ± 0.26) mg/L vs. (1.30 ± 0.17) mg/L ( P<0.05). AQP1 was positively correlated with uric acid, homocysteine, and cystatin C ( P<0.05). The area under the curve of AQP1, uric acid, homocysteine and cystatin C in predicting vascular calcification in patients with diabetes nephropathy were 0.892, 0.803, 0.738 and 0.763, respectively. Taking whether vascular calcification occurs in patients with diabetes nephropathy as the dependent variable (no = 0, yes = 1), the variables of P<0.05 in the single factor analysis were selected for multivariate Logistic regression analysis. The results showed that uric acid, homocysteine, cystatin C and AQP1 were the main factors affecting vascular calcification in patients with diabetes nephropathy ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Serum AQP1 has a high predictive value for vascular calcification in diabetes nephropathy patients, and is expected to be used as a biomarker for early diagnosis of vascular calcification in diabetes nephropathy patients.

Objective　To understand the impact of early and timely treatment and initial antiviral treatment regimen on mortality and attrition of antiretroviral therapy. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using download data on antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected patients in Liuzhou City, Guangxi Province, from the database of the Basic Information System for AIDS Control and Prevention (BISAC) from 2010 to 2020. The Cox proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of mortality and attrition. Results A total of 15 713 infected patients were included, including 53.4% aged 18-<50 years, 69.4% male, 61.0% farmer, 75.1% CD4 count <350 cells /μL before initial antiviral treatment, the overall mortality rate was 4.30/100 person-years, and the overall attrition was 2.42/100 person-years. The results of Cox regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of mortality were pretreatment CD4 counts of 350-<500 cells/μL(AHR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.63-0.81) and ≥500 cells/μL (AHR= 0.64, 95%CI: 0.55-0.76); duration from diagnosis to initial antiviral treatment 91-180 days (AHR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.08-1.45), 181-365 days (AHR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.08-1.47), and ≥365 days (AHR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.11-1.44); initial antiviral treatment regimens of D4T+3TC+EFV/NVP (AHR=1.47, 95%CI: 1.32-1.63) and AZT/D4T/TDF+3TC+LPV/r (AHR=1.73, 95%CI: 1.50-1.99). Factors affecting attrition were pretreatment CD4 counts of 350-499 cells/μL (AHR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.16-1.50) and ≥500 cells/μL (AHR=1.28, 95%CI: 1.10-1.50); interval from HIV positivity confirmation to initial dosing ≥365 days (AHR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.04-1.40), initial antiviral treatment regimens of TDF+3TC+NVP (AHR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.13-1.55), AZT+3TC+EFV/NVP (AHR=1.43, 95%CI: 1.26-1.62) and AZT/D4T/TDF+3TC+LPV/r (AHR=1.33, 95CI%: 1.06-1.67). Conclusions　Early and timely treatment and the initial antiviral treatment regimen of TDF+3TC+EFV have good efficacy, but attention should be paid to the high risk of attrition of HIV-infected people with high CD4 count before treatment.

Objective:To explore the role of navigation-assisted valgus stress method in avoiding excessive correction of lower limb mechanical axis after high tibial osteotomy (HTO).Methods:A retrospective study was carried out on osteoarthritis (OA) patients who were treated with HTO for medial compartment pain of knee from January 2020 to March 2022 in the Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University. According to the different ways of confirming alignment during operation, they were divided into computer navigation assisted valgus stress HTO group (referred to as navigation group) and traditional rod fluoroscopy HTO group (referred to as traditional group). There were 28 patients in the navigation group, 10 males and 18 females, with age of 54.4±9.1 years (range, 41-73 years) and body mass index of 26.1±3.3 kg/m 2 (range, 19.8-35.2 kg/m 2); There were 30 patients in the traditional group, 13 males and 17 females, aged 56.9±8.5 years (range, 40-70 years), with a body mass index of 25.7±4.0 kg/m 2 (range, 19.2-32.9 kg/m 2). Measuring the mechanical femoral tibial angle (mFTA), joint line convergence angle (JLCA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), Lysholm score and Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score before operation and at the last follow-up of the two groups, and conduct statistical analysis. Results:Both groups were followed up. The follow-up time of navigation group and traditional group was 21.3±8.7 months and 22.5±7.6 months, respectively, with no significant difference ( t=0.53, P=0.596). There were significant differences between the two groups in the amount of mechanical axis correction (ΔmFTA) and the amount of bone correction (ΔMPTA) ( t=2.09, P=0.041; t=2.58, P=0.012), while there was no significant difference in ΔJLCA ( t=0.32, P=0.753). In the navigation group, there were 9 cases (32%) of undercorrection, 17 cases (61%) with acceptable alignment, and 2 cases (7%) with over correction, while in the traditional group, there were 5 cases (17%) with under correction, 13 cases (43%) with acceptable alignment, and 12 cases (40%) with over correction. There was significant difference in the distribution rate of alignment between the two groups ( P=0.012), and the rate of overcorrection in the navigation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (7% vs. 40%, P=0.005). The intra group correlation coefficient between the navigation correction mechanical axis and ΔmFTA was 0.787. There was no significant difference in Lysholm score and HSS score between the two groups before and after surgery (all P>0.05), and they were significantly improved after operation (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Navigation-assisted valgus stress method HTO is reliable, which can accurately achieve the target alignment, reduce the incidence of over correction, and obtain good clinical results.

Objective:To explore the differences of fecal calprotectin (FC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) between colon and small intestinal Crohn′s disease, and their predictive values for disease activity and mucosal healing in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease.Methods:From January 2017 to January 2023, 64 patients with Crohn′s disease who underwent capsule endoscopy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University were enrolled, among them 28 patients had only small intestinal lesions (small intestine group) and 36 patients had lesions involving both small intestine and colon or only colon involvement (ileocolon group). The FC, CRP, and ESR levels of the two groups were detected and compared 15 days before capsule endoscopy examination. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for statistical analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of FC, CRP, and ESR for disease activity and mucosal healing in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease.Results:The FC, CRP, and ESR levels of the small intestine group during the active phase of the disease were 1 689.00 μg/g (727.75 μg/g, 1 800.00 μg/g), 5.67 mg/L (1.00 mg/L, 17.01 mg/L), and 4.50 mm/1 h (2.00 mm/1 h, 11.00 mm/1 h), respectively; while FC, CRP, and ESR levels during the mucosal healing phase were 112.00 μg/g (46.50 μg/g, 130.50 μg/g), 1.00 mg/L (1.00 mg/L, 1.62 mg/L), and 2.00 mm/1 h (2.00 mm/1 h, 5.50 mm/1 h), respectively. The FC, CRP, and ESR levels of the ileocolon group during the active phase of the disease were 1 800.00 μg/g (895.50 μg/g, 1 800.00 μg/g), 4.94 mg/L (3.10 mg/L, 14.80 mg/L), and 10.00 mm/1 h (2.00 mm/1 h, 27.75 mm/1 h), respectively, while FC, CRP, and ESR levels during the mucosal healing phase were 66.00 μg/g (32.50 μg/g, 97.50 μg/g), 1.00 mg/L (1.00 mg/L, 1.55 mg/L), and 2.00 mm/1 h (2.00 mm/1 h, 4.50 mm/1 h), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in FC, CRP, and ESR between the small intestine group and the ileocolon group during the active phase of the disease and mucosal healing phase (all P> 0.05). In the small intestine group, the levels of FC and CRP of patients during the active phase of the disease were 1 173.00 μg/g (312.00 μg/g, 1 800.00 μg/g) and 2.10 mg/1 L (1.00 mg/L, 16.00 mg/L), which were both higher than those of patients during the mucosal healing phase (112.00 μg/g (46.50 μg/g, 130.50 μg/g) and 1.00 mg/L (1.00 mg/L, 1.62 mg/L)), and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-4.35 and-2.67, P<0.001 and =0.008). In the small intestine group, the level of ESR of patients during the active phase of the disease was 4.00 mm/1 h (2.00 mm/1 h, 16.00 mm/1 h), and there was no significant difference compared with that of patients during the mucosal healing phase (2.00 mm/1 h (2.00 mm/1 h, 5.50 mm/1 h)) ( P>0.05). When the cut-off level of FC was 188.50 μg/g, the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for predicting disease activity in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease was 93.3%, 100.0%, and 0.964, respectively. When the cut-off value of CRP was 3.12 mg/L, the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for predicting disease activity in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease was 46.7%, 92.3%, and 0.744, respectively. When the cut-off level of ESR was 10.00 mm/1 h, the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for predicting disease activity in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease was 33.3%, 100.0%, and 0.654, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the area under the curve between the combinations of FC and CRP, FC and ESR, FC, CRP and ESR, and FC alone for predicting disease activity in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease (0.964, 0.959, and 0.959 vs. 0.964, all P> 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the area under the curve between the combination of CRP and ESR and FC alone in predicting disease activity in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease (0.708 vs. 0.964, Z=-2.57, P=0.010). Conclusions:There are no statistically significant differences in FC, CRP, and ESR between colon and small intestinal Crohn′s disease. FC has a high predictive value for disease activity and mucosal healing in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease and has certain clinical application value.

Objective:To explore the best treatment for local ablation of colon cancer liver metastases (CRLM) by meta-analysis.Methods:The electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI and the Cochrane Library were searched from the establishment to August 22, 2022, and studies that report outcomes with comparison between microwave ablation (WMA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in CRLM treatment were selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria. Furthermore, the perioperative and survival data were statistically summarized and analyzed by Review Manager 5.3 software.Results:A total of 5 retrospective studies were included with a total sample size of 648 cases, including 316 cases (48.8%) in the WMA group and 332 cases (51.2%) in the RFA group. The results of meta-analysis showed that locoregional recurrence rate in WMA group was significantly lower than that in RFA group. The 1-year and 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) of the WMA group was significantly better than that of the RFA group with HR of 1.77 ( P=0.04, 95% CI: 1.04-3.02) and 1.60 ( P=0.02, 95% CI: 1.09-2.35), respectively. Conclusion:The local control rate and 1-year and 2-year DFS of WMA were superior to RFA.

Humans ; Uric Acid ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Spondylarthritis/diagnostic imaging* ; C-Reactive Protein ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing

Objective:To investigate the 10-year outcome and prognostic factors of laparo-scopic D 2 radical distal gastrectomy for locally advanced gastric cancer. Methods:The retrospec-tive cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 652 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer who were admitted to 16 hospitals from the multicenter database of laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery in the Chinese Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study (CLASS) Group, including 214 cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 191 cases in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 52 cases in Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, 49 cases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 43 cases in Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, 25 cases in Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 14 cases in the First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 12 cases in No.989 Hospital of PLA, 12 cases in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 10 cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 9 cases in the First People's Hospital of Foshan, 7 cases in Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, 7 cases in Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, 3 cases in Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 2 cases in Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2 cases in Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, from February 2004 to December 2010 were collected. There were 442 males and 210 females, aged (57±12)years. All patients underwent laparoscopic D 2 radical distal gastrectomy. Observation indicators: (1) surgical situations; (2) postoperative pathological examination; (3) postoperative recovery and complications; (4) follow-up; (5) prognostic factors analysis. Follow-up was conducted by outpatient examination and telephone interview to detect the tumor recurrence and metastasis, postoperative survival of patients up to March 2020. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3) or M(range). Count data were described as absolute numbers or percen-tages, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test. Comparison of ordinal data was analyzed using the rank sum test. The life table method was used to calculate survival rates and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw survival curves. Log-Rank test was used for survival analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were analyzed using the COX hazard regression model. Results:(1) Surgical situations: among 652 patients, 617 cases underwent D 2 lymph node dissection and 35 cases underwent D 2+ lymph node dissection. There were 348 cases with Billroth Ⅱ anastomosis, 218 cases with Billroth Ⅰ anastomosis, 25 cases with Roux-en-Y anastomosis and 61 cases with other digestive tract reconstruction methods. Twelve patients had combined visceral resection. There were 569 patients with intraoperative blood transfusion and 83 cases without blood transfusion. The operation time of 652 patients was 187(155,240)minutes and volume of intraoperative blood loss was 100(50,150)mL. (2) Postoperative pathological examina-tion: the maximum diameter of tumor was (4.5±2.0)cm of 652 patients. The number of lymph node dissected of 652 patients was 26(19,35), in which the number of lymph node dissected was >15 of 570 cases and ≤15 of 82 cases. The number of metastatic lymph node was 4(1,9). The proximal tumor margin was (4.8±1.6)cm and the distal tumor margin was (4.5±1.5)cm. Among 652 patients, 255 cases were classified as Borrmann type Ⅰ-Ⅱ, 334 cases were classified as Borrmann type Ⅲ-Ⅳ, and 63 cases had missing Borrmann classification data. The degree of tumor differentiation was high or medium in 171 cases, low or undifferentiated in 430 cases, and the tumor differentiation data was missing in 51 cases. There were 123, 253 and 276 cases in pathological stage T2, T3 and T4a, respectively. There were 116, 131, 214 and 191 cases in pathological stage N0, N1, N2 and N3, respectively. There were 260 and 392 cases in pathological TNM stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ, respectively. (3) Postoperative recovery and complications: the time to postoperative first out-of-bed activities, time to postoperative first flatus, time to the initial liquid food intake, duration of postoperative hospital stay of 652 patients were 3(2,4)days, 4(3,5)days, 5(4,6)days, 10(9,13)days, respectively. Among 652 patients, 69 cases had postoperative complications. Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ, grade Ⅲa, grade Ⅲb, and grade Ⅳa complications occurred in 60, 3, 5 and 1 cases, respectively (some patients could have multiple complications). The duodenal stump leakage was the most common surgical complication, with the incidence of 3.07%(20/652). Respiratory complication was the most common systemic complication, with the incidence of 2.91%(19/652). All the 69 patients were recovered and discharged successfully after treatment. (4) Follow-up: 652 patients were followed up for 110-193 months, with a median follow-up time of 124 months. There were 298 cases with postoperative recurrence and metastasis. Of the 255 patients with the time to postoperative recurrence and metastasis ≤5 years, there were 21 cases with distant metastasis, 69 cases with peritoneal metastasis, 37 cases with local recurrence, 52 cases with multiple recurrence and metastasis, 76 cases with recurrence and metastasis at other locations. The above indicators were 5, 9, 10, 4, 15 of the 43 patients with the time to postoperative recurrence and metastasis >5 years. There was no significant difference in the type of recurrence and metastasis between them ( χ2=5.52, P>0.05). Cases in pathological TNM stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 62 and 193 of the patients with the time to postoperative recurrence and metastasis ≤5 years, versus 23 and 20 of the patients with the time to postoperative recurrence and metastasis >5 years, showing a significant difference in pathological TNM staging between them ( χ2=15.36, P<0.05). Cases in pathological stage T2, T3, T4a were 42, 95, 118 of the patients with the time to postoperative recurrence and metastasis ≤5 years, versus 9, 21, 13 of the patients with the time to postoperative recurrence and metastasis >5 years, showing no significant difference in pathological T staging between them ( Z=-1.80, P>0.05). Further analysis showed no significant difference in cases in pathological stage T2 or T3 ( χ2=0.52, 2.08, P>0.05) but a significant difference in cases in pathological stage T4a between them ( χ2=3.84, P<0.05). Cases in pathological stage N0, N1, N2, N3 were 19, 44, 85, 107 of the patients with the time to postoperative recurrence and metastasis ≤5 years, versus 12, 5, 18, 8 of the patients with the time to postoperative recurrence and metastasis >5 years, showing a significant difference in pathological N staging between them ( Z=-3.34, P<0.05). Further analysis showed significant differences in cases in pathological stage N0 and N3 ( χ2=16.52, 8.47, P<0.05) but no significant difference in cases in pathological stage N1 or N2 ( χ2=0.85, 1.18, P>0.05). The median overall survival time was 81 months after surgery and 10-year overall survival rate was 46.1% of 652 patients. The 10-year overall survival rates of patients in TNM stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 59.6% and 37.5%, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=35.29, P<0.05). In further analysis, the 10-year overall survival rates of patients in pathological TNM stage ⅡA, ⅡB, ⅢA, ⅢB and ⅢC were 65.6%, 55.8%, 46.9%, 37.1% and 24.0%, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=55.06, P<0.05). The 10-year overall survival rates of patients in patholo-gical stage T2, T3 and T4a were 55.2%, 46.5% and 41.5%, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=8.39, P<0.05). The 10-year overall survival rates of patients in patholo-gical stage N0, N1, N2 and N3 were 63.7%, 56.2%, 48.5% and 26.4%, respectively, showing a signifi-cant difference between them ( χ2=54.89, P<0.05). (5) Prognostic factors analysis: results of univariate analysis showed that age, maximum diameter of tumor, degree of tumor differentiation as low or undifferentiated, pathological TNM staging, pathological T staging, pathological stage N2 or N3, post-operative chemotherapy were related factors for the 10-year overall survival rate of locally advanced gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic D 2 radical distal gastrectomy ( hazard ratio=1.45, 1.64, 1.37, 2.05, 1.30, 1.68, 3.08, 0.56, 95% confidence interval as 1.15-1.84, 1.32-2.03, 1.05-1.77, 1.62-2.59, 1.05-1.61, 1.17-2.42, 2.15-4.41, 0.44-0.70, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that maximum diameter of tumor >4 cm, low-differentiated or undifferentiated tumor, pathological TNM stage Ⅲ were independent risk factors for the 10-year overall survival rate of locally advanced gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic D 2 radical distal gastrectomy ( hazard ratio=1.48,1.44, 1.81, 95% confidence interval as 1.19-1.84, 1.11-1.88, 1.42-2.30, P<0.05) and postoperative chemotherapy was a independent protective factor for the 10-year overall survi-val rate of locally advanced gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic D 2 radical distal gastrec-tomy ( hazard ratio=0.57, 95% confidence interval as 045-0.73, P<0.05). Conclusions:Laparoscopic assisted D 2 radical distal gastrectomy for locally advanced gastric cancer has satisfactory 10-year oncologic outcomes. A high proportion of patients in pathological TNM stage Ⅲ, pathological stage T4a, pathological stage N3 have the time to postoperative recurrence and metastasis ≤5 years, whereas a high proportion of patients in pathological TNM stage Ⅱ or pathological stage N0 have the time to postoperative recurrence and metastasis >5 years. Maximum diameter of tumor >4 cm, low-differentiated or undifferentiated tumor, pathological TNM stage Ⅲ are independent risk factors for the 10-year overall survival rate of locally advanced gastric cancer patients undergoing laparos-copic D 2 radical distal gastrectomy. Postoperative chemotherapy is a independent protective factor for the 10-year overall survival rate of locally advanced gastric cancer patients undergoing laparos-copic D 2 radical distal gastrectomy.

Objective:To investigate the influences of age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) on prognosis of patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 242 gastric cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy in 19 hospitals of the Chinese Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study Group-04 study, including 54 patients in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 32 patients in the First Hospital of Putian City, 32 patients in Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 31 patients in Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 17 patients in Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, 11 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 8 patients in Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, 8 patients in Meizhou People′s Hospital, 7 patients in Fujian Provincial Hospital, 6 patients in Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 6 patients in Longyan First Hospital, 5 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 5 patients in the First Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University, 4 patients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4 patients in West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 4 patients in Beijing University Cancer Hospital, 3 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 3 patients in Guangdong Provincial People′s Hospital, 2 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University, from September 2016 to October 2017 were collected. There were 193 males and 49 females, aged 62(range, 23?74)years. Observation indicators: (1) age distribution, comorbidities and ACCI status of patients; (2) the grouping of ACCI and comparison of clinicopathological characteristics of patients in each group; (3) incidence of postoperative early complications and analysis of factors affecting postoperative early complications; (4) follow-up; (5) analysis of factors affecting the 3-year recurrence-free survival rate of patients. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examination or telephone interview to detect postoperative survival of patients up to December 2020. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3) or M(range), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Comparison of ordinal data was conducted using the nonparametric rank sum test. The X-Tile software (version 3.6.1) was used to analyze the best ACCI grouping threshold. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rates and draw survival curves. The Log-Rank test was used for survival analysis. The Logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting postoperative early complications. The COX proportional hazard model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses of factors affecting the 3-year recurrence-free survival rate of patients. Multivariate analysis used stepwise regression to include variables with P<0.05 in univariate analysis and variables clinically closely related to prognosis. Results:(1) Age distribution, comor-bidities and ACCI status of patients. Of the 242 patients, there were 28 cases with age <50 years, 68 cases with age of 50 to 59 years, 113 cases with age of 60 to 69 years, 33 cases with age of 70 to 79 years. There was 1 patient combined with mild liver disease, 1 patient combined with diabetes of end-organ damage, 2 patients combined with peripheral vascular diseases, 2 patients combined with peptic ulcer, 6 patients combined with congestive heart failure, 8 patients combined with chronic pulmonary diseases, 9 patients with diabetes without end-organ damage. The ACCI of 242 patients was 2 (range, 0-4). (2) The grouping of ACCI and comparison of clinicopathological characteristics of patients in each group. Results of X-Tile software analysis showed that ACCI=3 was the best grouping threshold. Of the 242 patients, 194 cases with ACCI <3 were set as the low ACCI group and 48 cases with ACCI ≥3 were set as the high ACCI group, respectively. Age, body mass index, cases with preoperative comorbidities, cases of American Society of Anesthesiologists classification as stage Ⅰ, stage Ⅱ, stage Ⅲ, tumor diameter, cases with tumor histological type as signet ring cell or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and cases with tumor type as moderately or well differentiated adenocarcinoma, cases with tumor pathological T staging as stage T1, stage T2, stage T3, stage T4, chemotherapy cycles were (58±9)years, (22.6±2.9)kg/m 2, 31, 106, 85, 3, (4.0±1.9)cm, 104, 90, 16, 29, 72, 77, 6(4,6) in the low ACCI group, versus (70±4) years, (21.7±2.7)kg/m 2, 23, 14, 33, 1, (5.4±3.1)cm, 36, 12, 3, 4, 13, 28, 4(2,5) in the high ACCI group, showing significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups ( t=-14.37, 1.98, χ2=22.64, Z=-3.11, t=-2.91, χ2=7.22, Z=-2.21, -3.61, P<0.05). (3) Incidence of postoperative early complications and analysis of factors affecting postoperative early complications. Of the 242 patients, 33 cases had postoperative early complications, including 20 cases with local complications and 16 cases with systemic complica-tions. Some patients had multiple complications at the same time. Of the 20 patients with local complications, 12 cases had abdominal infection, 7 cases had anastomotic leakage, 2 cases had incision infection, 2 cases had abdominal hemorrhage, 2 cases had anastomotic hemorrhage and 1 case had lymphatic leakage. Of the 16 patients with systemic complications, 11 cases had pulmonary infection, 2 cases had arrhythmias, 2 cases had sepsis, 1 case had liver failure, 1 case had renal failure, 1 case had pulmonary embolism, 1 case had deep vein thrombosis, 1 case had urinary infection and 1 case had urine retention. Of the 33 cases with postoperative early complications, there were 3 cases with grade Ⅰ complications, 22 cases with grade Ⅱ complications, 5 cases with grade Ⅲa complications, 2 cases with grade Ⅲb complications and 1 case with grade Ⅳ complica-tions of Clavien-Dindo classification. Cases with postoperative early complications, cases with local complications, cases with systemic complications were 22, 13, 9 in the low ACCI group, versus 11, 7, 7 in the high ACCI group, respectively. There were significant differences in cases with postoperative early complications and cases with systemic complications between the two groups ( χ2=4.38, 4.66, P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in cases with local complications between the two groups ( χ2=2.20, P>0.05). Results of Logistic regression analysis showed that ACCI was a related factor for postoperative early complications of gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy [ odds ratio=2.32, 95% confidence interval ( CI) as 1.04-5.21, P<0.05]. (4) Follow-up. All the 242 patients were followed up for 36(range,1?46)months. During the follow-up, 53 patients died and 13 patients survived with tumor. The 3-year recurrence-free survival rate of the 242 patients was 73.5%. The follow-up time, cases died and cases survived with tumor during follow-up, the 3-year recurrence-free survival rate were 36(range, 2-46)months, 29, 10, 80.0% for the low ACCI group, versus 35(range, 1-42)months, 24, 3, 47.4% for the high ACCI group. There was a significant difference in the 3-year recurrence-free survival rate between the two groups ( χ2=30.49, P<0.05). (5) Analysis of factors affecting the 3-year recurrence-free survival rate of patients. Results of univariate analysis showed that preoperative comorbidities, ACCI, tumor diameter, histological type, vascular invasion, lymphatic invasion, neural invasion, tumor pathological TNM staging, postoperative early complications were related factors for postoperative 3-year recurrence-free survival rate of gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy [ hazard ratio ( HR)=2.52, 3.64, 2.62, 0.47, 2.87, 1.90, 1.86, 21.77, 1.97, 95% CI as 1.52-4.17, 2.22-5.95, 1.54-4.46, 0.27-0.80, 1.76-4.70, 1.15-3.12, 1.10-3.14, 3.01-157.52, 1.11-3.50, P<0.05]. Results of multivariate analysis showed that ACCI, tumor pathological TNM staging, adjuvant chemotherapy were indepen-dent influencing factors for postoperative 3-year recurrence-free survival rate of gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy ( HR=3.65, 11.00, 40.66, 0.39, 95% CI as 2.21-6.02, 1.40-86.73, 5.41-305.69, 0.22-0.68, P<0.05). Conclusions:ACCI is a related factor for post-operative early complications of gastric cancer patients undergoing laparos-copic radical gastrectomy. ACCI, tumor pathological TNM staging, adjuvant chemotherapy are indepen-dent influencing factors for postoperative 3-year recurrence-free survival rate of gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.