Objective:To analyze the risk factors for central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) aged 55 years and above, and to construct a predictive model with columnar graph.Methods:This retrospective study included 406 PTC patients aged 55 and above, treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Nov. 2019 to Feb. 2022. Data on demographic characteristics, disease features, and laboratory test results were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for CLNM and develop a clinical prediction model and nomogram.Results:The study involved 406 patients, divided into a modeling group (285 patients) and a validation group (121 patients). The predictive model identified independent risk factors for CLNM. In the modeling group, the model demonstrated a ROC AUC of 0.769, with 82.6% sensitivity, 63.0% specificity, and 67.7% accuracy. The validation group showed 66.7% sensitivity, 74.5% specificity, and 72.7% accuracy, with an AUC of 0.760. Hosmer-Lemeshow tests indicated good fit in both groups. Decision curve analysis confirmed the model's clinical decision-making value, showing better performance than traditional strategies and good generalizability and reliability.Conclusions:Sex, maximum tumor diameter, bilateral involvement of thyroid lobes, clinically evident cervical lymph nodes, and local invasion are independent predictive factors for CLNM in patients over 55 with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). A clinical risk stratification nomogram model based on these risk factors demonstrates good predictive performance.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of C-TI-RADS 3 thyroid nodules with a diameter greater than 2 cm and explore their correlation with gender,nodule ingredient,contralateral cancer presence,diffuse echo changes,TPOAB and TGAB.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical and pathological information of 94 patients with thyroid nodules who were admitted to our department from September 2022 to March 2023.All the patients underwent cytological and/or histopathological examinations.The proportions of TBS I category,benign tumors,low-risk tumors,and malignant tumors were calculated.The proportion of TBS type Ⅰ,benign tumors,low-risk tumors,and malignant tumors was quantified.Subsequently,a comparative analysis was conducted among the benign,low-risk,and malignant groups in terms of clinical characteristics including gender distribution,nodule composition,contralateral cancer occurrence,diffuse echo changes presence,as well as TPOAB and TGAB levels.Results Seven cases in TBS I category were excluded.Among the remaining 87 cases with confirmed pathology results for nodules,there were 72 benign cases(38 cytology cases and 34 histology cases),5 low-risk thyroid tumors(2 cytology cases and 3 histology cases),10 malignant cases(8 PTC cases,1 FTC case,and 1 MTC case).There was a significant difference in nodule ingredient(cystic/solid)between different pathological types(x2=10.369,P=0.006).However,no statistical significance was found in terms of gender,diffuse echo changes,contralateral cancer presence,TPOAB or TGAB(P＞0.05).Further analysis showed that the proportion of solid component was higher in low-risk tumors than in benign nodules(x2=9.571,P=0.002).No statistical significance was found between malignant nodules and low-risk nodules(x2=2.143,P=0.143),or between malignant nodules and benign nodules(x2=2.165,P=0.141).Conclusion Although TI-RADS 3 nodules are generally considered as potentially benign according to various versions of thyroid imaging reporting and data system,malignant nodules still account for a certain proportion.Attention should be paid to thyroid nodules with a typical ultrasonic signs,such as cystic nodules,thyroid follicular tumors and medullary thyroid carcinoma.Ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytopathology is necessary for evaluating benign and malignant nodules.It is necessary to pay attention to unsatisfactory or undiagnosable specimens to improve the accuracy of diagnosis.

ObjectiveTo explore the current status and issues regarding the application of ancient books in clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） published in China， and to provide methodological recommendations for the incorporation of ancient books in the development of TCM guidelines. MethodsWe searched China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， WanFang Data， VIP， SinoMed， PubMed， Embase， as well as six industry websites including China Association of Chinese Medicine， National Group Standards Information Platform， and Chinese Association of the Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine，etc. TCM clinical practice guidelines or expert consensus issued during January 1st， 2017， to November 26th， 2022 were searched. Clinical practice guidelines or expert consensus that explicitly referred to ancient books were included， and the content regarding the searching for ancient books， sources of access to ancient books， methods of evaluating the level of evidence， methods of evaluating the level of recommendation， and methods of evaluating the evidence for the ancient books were analysed. ResultsA total of 1,215 TCM clinical practice guidelines or expert consensus were retrieved， with 442 articles explicitly mentioning the application of ancient books， including 300 （67.87%） clinical practice guidelines and 142 （32.13%） expert consensus. Sixty of the 442 publications explicitly reported that ancient books searching had been conducted （13.57%）； among these 60 publications 27 （45.00%） explicitly reported ancient books searching strategies， and the most frequent method was manual searching with a total of 24 articles （40.00%）. The most popular search source was Chinese Medical Dictionary， a TCM classics database， with a total of 18 articles. 197 articles （44.57%） explicitly reported the evaluation criteria for the level of evidence， of which 141 articles （71.57%） involved the evaluation criteria for the ancient books； 413 articles （93.44%） mentioned ancient books in the recommendations， and only the source of formula name was mentioned in 409 （99.03%） of the publications. ConclusionThe current application of ancient books in TCM clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus is limited， with issues of non-standard searching and evaluation methods. Standar-dization and uniformity are needed in evidence grading and recommendation standards. Future research should clarify the scope and methods of applying ancient book， emphasize their integration with modern research evidence， and enhance their value and quality in the development of TCM clinical practice guidelines.

Objective To verify the consistency of the reference intervals of thyroid hormone estimated in this investigation with the reference interval in the manual of the currently used reagent and industrial standard(WS/T 404.10-2022),and select the reference interval of thyroid hormone suitable for the healthy subjects at this hospital.Methods The indirect sampling technique was used to ret-rospectively analyze the results of thyroid hormone tests of healthy subjects in the Clinical Testing Center of Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospi-tal from December 2022 to August 2023.Nonparametric method was used to estimate thyroid hormone P2.5-P97.5 reference intervals and 95％confidence intervals of the testing subjects with different genders and ages,and to explore the significant differences in the data distribution among different gender and age groups.The differences were compared with the reference intervals recommended by the in-dustrial standard(WS/T 404.10-2022)and Roche reagent specification.Results There were significant differences in TSH,FT3,FT4 and TT3 between sexes(P＜0.001,Z＞Z*),but there was no significant difference in TT4 between sexes(P=0.998,Z＜Z*).In terms of TSH levels,the women were divided into 20 to 60-year-old group(reference interval:0.62-6.40 mIU/L)and≥61-year-old group(reference interval:0.85-7.47 mIU/L).There was significant difference between the 2 groups(P＜0.001),but there was no sig-nificant difference of TSH levels among the male groups with different age(reference interval:0.79-5.64 mIU/L).In terms of FT3 lev-els,the males were divided into 20 to 40-year-old group(reference interval:4.37-6.36 pmol/L)and ≥41-year-old group(reference interval:4.02-6.34 pmol/L).There was significant difference between the 2 groups(P＜0.001),but there was no significant difference in the female among various age groups(reference interval:3.44-5.63 pmol/L).In terms of FT4 level,the males were divided into 20 to 50-year-old group(reference interval:13.7-21.4 pmol/L)and ≥51-year-old group(reference interval:12.0-20.4 pmol/L),and the females were divided into 20 to 50-year-old group(reference interval:12.5-20.25 pmol/L)and≥51-year-old group(reference interval:11.34-19.18 pmol/L).There was all significant difference between various age groups in both male and female(P＜0.001).In terms of TT3 level,no difference was found between male and female regardless of age(male[reference interval:1.18-2.18 nmol/L]and female[reference interval:1.10-2.23 nmol/L]).In terms of TT4 level,there was no significant difference between sex and age(reference interval:64.1-127 nmol/L).There was no significant difference between the reference interval recommended by Roche reagent manual and the laboratory estimated FT4 reference interval,but there were significant differences in reference interval of TSH,FT3,TT3 and TT4.There was no significant difference between the industrial standard recommended reference interval and the laboratory estimated reference interval.Conclusion There were differences of TSH,FT3 and FT4 levels for gender and age,but no differences of TT4 levels for sex and age.There was gender difference of TT3 levels but no differences for age.The estimated reference interval verified by the laboratory was consistent with the industrial standard recommendation of WS/T 404.10-2022,but it was differ-ent from the recommendation of current Roche reagent manual.

OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress in biotherapy of rotator cuff injury in recent years, in order to provide help for clinical decision-making of rotator cuff injury treatment. METHODS: The literature related to biotherapy of rotator cuff injury at home and abroad in recent years was widely reviewed, and the mechanism and efficacy of biotherapy for rotator cuff injury were summarized from the aspects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), growth factors, stem cells, and exosomes. RESULTS: In order to relieve patients' pain, improve upper limb function, and improve quality of life, the treatment of rotator cuff injury experienced an important change from conservative treatment to open surgery to arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair plus a variety of biotherapy methods have become the mainstream of clinical treatment. All kinds of biotherapy methods have ideal mid- and long-term effectiveness in the repair of rotator cuff injury. The biotherapy method to promote the healing of rotator cuff injury is controversial and needs to be further studied. CONCLUSION All kinds of biotherapy methods show a good effect on the repair of rotator cuff injury. It will be an important research direction to further develop new biotherapy technology and verify its effectiveness.
Humans ; Rotator Cuff Injuries/therapy* ; Quality of Life ; Arthroplasty ; Exosomes ; Neurosurgical Procedures

During coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, the treatment of severe trauma has been impacted. The Consensus on emergency surgery and infection prevention and control for severe trauma patients with 2019 novel corona virus pneumonia was published online on February 12, 2020, providing a strong guidance for the emergency treatment of severe trauma and the self-protection of medical staffs in the early stage of the epidemic. With the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council renaming "novel coronavirus pneumonia" to "novel coronavirus infection" and the infection being managed with measures against class B infectious diseases since January 8, 2023, the consensus published in 2020 is no longer applicable to the emergency treatment of severe trauma in the new stage of epidemic prevention and control. In this context, led by the Chinese Traumatology Association, Chinese Trauma Surgeon Association, Trauma Medicine Branch of Chinese International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Traumatology, the Chinese expert consensus on emergency surgery for severe trauma and infection prevention during coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic ( version 2023) is formulated to ensure the effectiveness and safety in the treatment of severe trauma in the new stage. Based on the policy of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council and by using evidence-based medical evidence as well as Delphi expert consultation and voting, 16 recommendations are put forward from the four aspects of the related definitions, infection prevention, preoperative assessment and preparation, emergency operation and postoperative management, hoping to provide a reference for severe trauma care in the new stage of the epidemic prevention and control.

Objective:To explore the potential mechanism and feasibility of sonic hedgehog (SHH) signal pathway inhibitor NVP-LDE225 combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of melanoma.Methods:The Gli1 mRNA expression of the melanoma cells (Melan-A and SK-MEL-2) was detected by qPCR. After treatment with NVP-LDE225, GDC-0449 or combined with radiation for 24 hours, the number and activity of Melan-A and SK-MEL-2 were detected by cell counting and CCK-8 kit. The survival and proliferation ratio of Melan-A and SK-MEL-2 were detected by cell cloning. The changes of cell cycle of melanoma Melan-A cells were determined by flow cytometry. The levels of the Bax and Caspase3 of Melan-A apoptosis protein in melanoma cells were detected by Western blot.Results:NVP-LDE225, an inhibitor of Smo, decreased the mRNA expression of Gli1 in the melanoma cells in a dose-dependent manner, inhibited the proliferation ratio of the melanoma cells, induced apoptosis, and arrested melanoma cells in G 0 / G 1 phase. Gamma ray irradiation after NVP-LDE225 treatment further inhibited the SHH signal pathway, arrested the melanoma cells in G 2 / M phase, and further increased the inhibitory effect on melanoma cell proliferation. Conclusions:NVP-LDE225, an inhibitor of Smo, can inhibit SHH signal pathway in melanocytes, suppress cell proliferation, and further increases the effect of inhibiting cell proliferation after combining with irradiation. It can be used as a potential drug in combination with radiotherapy in the treatment of melanoma, which is worthy of further study.

Neurogenic bladder caused by herpes zoster is not common.An 86 years old male patient with 6 months of dysuria and urinary retention caused by herpes zoster underwent sacral neuromodulation (SNM) operation. The symptoms of dysuria and fecal incontinence were improved significantly after operation.

Lifestyle interventions, including dietary adjustments and exercise, are important for obesity management. This study enrolled adults with overweight or obesity to explore whether either low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) or exercise is more effective in metabolism improvement. Forty-five eligible subjects were randomly divided into an LCD group (n = 22) and an exercise group (EX, n = 23). The subjects either adopted LCD (carbohydrate intake < 50 g/day) or performed moderate-to-vigorous exercise (⩾ 30 min/day) for 3 weeks. After the interventions, LCD led to a larger weight loss than EX ( - 3.56 ± 0.37 kg vs. - 1.24 ± 0.39 kg, P < 0.001), as well as a larger reduction in fat mass ( - 2.10 ± 0.18 kg vs. - 1.25 ± 0.24 kg, P = 0.007) and waist circumference ( - 5.25 ± 0.52 cm vs. - 3.45 ± 0.38 cm, P = 0.008). Both interventions reduced visceral and subcutaneous fat and improved liver steatosis and insulin resistance. Triglycerides decreased in both two groups, whereas low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in the LCD group but decreased in the EX group. Various glycemic parameters, including serum glycated albumin, mean sensor glucose, coefficient of variability (CV), and largest amplitude of glycemic excursions, substantially declined in the LCD group. Only CV slightly decreased after exercise. This pilot study suggested that the effects of LCD and exercise are similar in alleviating liver steatosis and insulin resistance. Compared with exercise, LCD might be more efficient for weight loss and glucose homeostasis in people with obesity.
Adult ; Blood Glucose ; Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Weight Loss

Objective:To investigate the application value of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology assisted laparoscopic anatomic liver resection of segment 8 (Lap-S8).Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 8 liver cancer patients including 7 cases with hepatocellular carcinoma and 1 case with intrahepatic cholangio-carcinoma who underwent 3D printing technology assisted Lap-S8 in the Hunan Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were collected. There were 7 males and 1 female, aged from 49.0 to 80.0 years, with a median age of 56.5 years. Of the 8 patients, 6 cases underwent laparoscopic anatomic liver resection of the entire segment 8, 1 case underwent laparoscopic anatomic liver resection of ventral subsegmental of the segment 8 and 1 case underwent laparoscopic anatomic liver resection of dorsal subsegmental of the segment 8. 3D printing technology was used to assist preoperative evaluation and intraoperative navigation for all 8 patients. Observation indicators: (1) surgical situations; (2) postoperative situations; (3) follow-up. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examination, internet or telephone interview to detect survival and tumor recurrence of patients after operation up to March 2021. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were described as absolute numbers. Results:(1) Surgical situations: all the 8 patients underwent 3D printing technology assisted Lap-S8 successfully, without conversion to open surgery. The operation time, hepatic portal occlusion time and volume of intraoperative blood loss of the 8 patients were (216±41)minutes, (56±11)minutes and 75 mL(range, 50 to 300 mL), respectively. There was no intraoperative blood transfusion in 8 patients, and the surgical margin of the 8 patients was negative. (2) Postoperative situations: the duration of postoperative hospital stay of the 8 patients were (9±3)days. There was no complication such as postoperative hemorrhage, biliary fistula, liver abscess or abdominal infection occurred. (3) Follow-up: all the 8 patients were followed up for 3.0?24.0 months, with a median follow-up time of 12.5 months. During the follow-up, 1 of 8 patients with preoperative diagnosis of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma developed tumor recurrence at 5 months after operation. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgery followed with the transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and target therapy, and survived with tumor. There was no tumor recurrence in the other 7 patients.Conclusion:3D printing technology assisted Lap-S8 is safe and feasible.