Objective : Mendelian randomization analysis was used to explore the causal relationship of T．gondii in- fection and the cyst distribution and inflammation in brain tissue by immunohistochemistry． Methods : Genome- wide association analysis data of T．gondii infection and encephalitis were obtained ，single nucleotide polymor- phisms (SNPs) were selected，Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted by inverse variance weighting，and the causal relationship between T．gondii infection and encephalitis was evaluated by OR value and 95% CI．Quality control was carried out by using heterogeneity test，horizontal multi-efficiency test and leave-one-out sensitivity test. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using brain sections of mice infected with tissue cysts of Wh6 strain for image analysis using Image J software. Results : A total of 29 SNPs were associated with toxoplasmic encephalitis. The results of IVW method suggested that T．gondii infection made encephalitis risk 0. 98 times higher ( OR = 0. 98， 95% CI = 0. 76 to 1. 27) ，indicating no causal relationship between the two．The quality control results suggested that the selected SNPs were stable and reliable．Toxoplasma cysts were distributed in various parts of the brain tis- sue． Conclusion T．gondii infection and encephalitis are related，but there is no sufficient evidence to prove the causal relationship between the two.

Objective:To explore the effect of Quercus Salicina Extract Capsulese on preventing the formation of adherent stones on ureteral stent tube after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).Methods:The clinical data of 186 patients who underwent PCNL due to unilateral renal stone in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from October 2018 to April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All of the patients were indwelling 6 F ureteral stent tube during operation. After postoperative reexamination of kidneys, ureters and bladder, it was confirmed that the postoperative residual stones were clinically meaningless stones (maximum diameter ≤ 4 mm). According to postoperative medication, they were divided into drug group ( n=62) and control group ( n=124). Patients in the drug group were given oral Quercus Salicina Extract Capsules, while patients in the control group did not take the drug. Both groups received the same health education and dietary guidance after operation. The formation of adherent stones on ureteral stent tube was observed when the ureteral stent tube was removed 6 weeks after PCNL. Meanwhile, the adverse reaction, complication and treatment satisfaction of the patients were recorded during the period of taking the drug. Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), and t-test was used for comparison between groups; the Chi-square test was used to compare the count data between groups. Results:When the ureteral stent tube was removed 6 weeks after PCNL, the weight of adherent stones on ureteral stent tube in the drug group was (334.20±26.65) mg for male, and (336.00±25.64) mg for female. In the control group, the weight of adherent stones on ureteral stent tube was (374.11±42.28) mg for male, (374.42±42.44) mg for female. The weight of adherent stones on ureteral stent tube in the drug group was significantly lighter than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). The drug group had no obvious serious adverse reaction during the period of taking the drug. At the same time, the complications of the drug group during the intubation period were significantly less than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.040). The satisfaction of patients in the drug group was 93.5%, and that in the control group was 82.3%. The difference was statistically significant between the two groups ( P=0.036). Conclusion:Quercus Salicina Extract Capsules can effectively prevent the occurrence of adherent stones on ureteral stent tube after PCNL, and there are no serious adverse reaction, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Self-organized blastoids from extended pluripotent stem (EPS) cells possess enormous potential for investigating postimplantation embryo development and related diseases. However, the limited ability of postimplantation development of EPS-blastoids hinders its further application. In this study, single-cell transcriptomic analysis indicated that the "trophectoderm (TE)-like structure" of EPS-blastoids was primarily composed of primitive endoderm (PrE)-related cells instead of TE-related cells. We further identified PrE-like cells in EPS cell culture that contribute to the blastoid formation with TE-like structure. Inhibition of PrE cell differentiation by inhibiting MEK signaling or knockout of Gata6 in EPS cells markedly suppressed EPS-blastoid formation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that blastocyst-like structures reconstituted by combining the EPS-derived bilineage embryo-like structure (BLES) with either tetraploid embryos or tetraploid TE cells could implant normally and develop into live fetuses. In summary, our study reveals that TE improvement is critical for constructing a functional embryo using stem cells in vitro.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Animals ; Mice ; Tetraploidy ; Blastocyst ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Cell Differentiation ; Embryonic Development

Objective:To investigate the medication rules of Xin'an medicine for the treatment of melancholia and further analyze the medication ideas of Xin'an physicians in the treatment of melancholia.Methods:The documents of Xin'an physicians treating melancholia in the fifth edition of the Chinese Medical Code and the online database of ancient Chinese medicine were retrieved. Excel was used to extract the prescription information to establish the database. R language was used to analyze the data regarding the medication frequency, nature and taste, association rules, and clustering of the traditional Chinese medicine used in the prescription. Results:A total of 127 effective prescriptions were sorted out, and 177 kinds of Chinese medicines were used with a total medication frequency of 1 031 times. The top three Chinese medicines with the highest frequency of use were Poria cocos (57 times), Licorice (46 times), and Paeonia Lactiflora (40 times). The main nature of herbs was plain and warm nature. The warm herbs were the most frequently used (298 times). The first five flavors of the herbs which were the most used were pungent taste (475 times, 28.70%), bitter taste (459 times, 27.73%), and sweet taste (453 times, 27.37%). The commonly used herbs with confidence coefficient > 0.800 were Licorice + Angelica sinensis, Licorice + Angelica sinensis and Paeonia Lactiflora, Licorice + Bupleurum, Licorice + Atractylodes macrocephala, Cyperus root + Ligusticum Chuanxiong, Angelica sinensis + Atractylodes macrocephala and Licorice, Paeonia Lactiflora + Angelica sinensis and Poria cocos, Licorice + Angelica sinensis and Poria cocos, Licorice + Atractylodes macrocephala and Angelica sinensis, Licorice + Bupleurum and Paeonia Lactiflora, Licorice + Atractylodes macrocephala and Ginseng, Licorice + Ginseng and Angelica sinensis, Cyperus root + Medicated leaven, Ginseng + Astragalus mongholicus, Licorice + Astragalus mongholicus.Conclusion:Xin'an medicine for the treatment of melancholia mainly uses pungent, bitter, sweet, and warm herbs. It can adjust the chill and fever, Yin and Yang of the human body, diminishes the urgency, and regulates the flow of Qi.

Objective: To understand the current situation and influencing factors of scoliosis in 12-year-old students from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, so as to provide scientific basis for accurate prevention and control of abnormal spinal curvature. Methods: From October to November 2021, a total of 18 399 students aged 12 were selected by region and school level by stratified random cluster sampling method, and spinal curvature screening and questionnaire survey of common diseases and health influencing factors among students were carried out. Chi squared test was used for single factor analysis, and binary Logistic regression model was used for multi factor analysis. Results: A total of 397 students (2.2%) were detected with abnormal curvature of the spine, including 368 students (2.0%) with scoliosis. Among them, 205 cases were in the lumbar thoracic segment with a detection rate of 1.1%, 173 cases were in the thoracic segment with a detection rate of 0.9%, and 141 cases were in lumbar thoracic segment with a detection rate of 0.8%. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that urban area, economic area(moderate), attending tutorial classes before primary school and class seats never changed regularly were positively correlated with the occurrence of scoliosis among 12 year old students ( OR =1.95,1.67,1.76,1.71, P <0.05). Obesity, attending an average of 3 or 4 physical education classes per week, attending physical fitness and beauty classes before primary school were negatively correlated with the occurrence of scoliosis among 12 year old students ( OR =0.69,0.31,0.36,0.71, P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of scoliosis among 12-year-old students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is not optimistic. It should pay attention to the prevention and control of scoliosis in students before the age of 12, actively prevent the occurrence and progress of scoliosis.

Objective    To identify the risk factors for hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after emergency coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods    We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 145 AMI patients undergoing emergency CABG surgery in Qingdao Municipal Hospital from 2009 to 2019. There were 108 (74.5%) males and 37 (25.5%) females with a mean age of 67.7±11.5 years. According to whether there was in-hospital death after surgery, the patients were divided into a survival group (132 patients) and a death group (13 patients). Preoperative and operative data were analyzed by univariate analysis, followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis, to identify the risk factors for hospital mortality. Results    Over all, 13 patients died in the hospital after operation, with a mortality rate of 9.0%. In univariate analysis, significant risk factors for hospital mortality were age≥70 years, recent myocardial infarction, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)<30%, left main stenosis/dissection, operation time and simultaneous surgeries (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that LVEF<30%(OR=2.235, 95%CI 1.024-9.411, P=0.014), recent myocardial infarction (OR=4.027, 95%CI 1.934-14.268, P=0.032), operation time (OR=1.039, 95%CI 1.014-1.064, P=0.002) were independent risk factors for hospital mortality after emergency CABG. Conclusion    Emergency CABG in patients with AMI has good benefits, but patients with LVEF<30%and recent myocardial infarction have high in-hospital mortality, so the operation time should be shortened as much as possible.

The external treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infection for children mainly includes Xiangpei therapy, massage therapy, acupoint application therapy, acupuncture and moxibustion therapy. Many external treatments were combined, or TCM internal and external treatments were combined, which can help to straighten qi and dispel evil and solidify the surface, harmonize viscera qi and blood, dredge meridians, balance yin and yang, tonify lung, spleen and kidney. The treatments can enhance appetite, improve immunity, and help to promote growth. The treatment can help children with recurrent respiratory tract infection improve disease resistance, reduce the number of attacks, alleviate symptoms, shorten the course of disease and improve outcomes, with few obvious adverse reactions. The compliance of children and the satisfaction of family are high.

Objective To find the differentially expressed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) between db/db mice that with nephropathy (DN) or not (DM).Methods In this study,3 DM db/db mice and 2 DN db/db mice proven by renal biopsy were randomly selected,and 3 healthy db/m mice as normal control group.Then,differentially expressed lncRNAs,mRNAs and their fragments per kilobase million (FPKM) in kidney samples were detected by high-throughput next generation sequencing technology.Sequencing data were analyzed to filter out the differentially expressed lncRNA,and theirfunction was preliminarily investigated by bioinformatics analysis and functional enrichment analysis to predict their target genes.Total RNAs of kidneys from these 8 mice were extracted to run real time PCR (RT-qPCR) for verifying the outcomes of the high-throughput sequencing.Results The urinary microalbumin/creatinine ratio (UACR),serum creatinine,and glomerular basement membrane thickness of DN db/db mice were higher than those of DM db/db mice (all P ＜ 0.05),while there was not significant difference in glucose between DM and DN mice.Totally 160 lncRNAs were up-regulated and 99 lncRNAs were down-regulated in kidneys of DN mice compared with those of DM mice,in which the differentially expressed lncRNAs with FPKM value≥2 and differential expression≥ 1 fold between groups were screened and verified by RT-qPCR.Finally three lncRNAs whose variation trend were consistent with the outcomes of the high-throughput sequencing were obtained.Conclusion There was a significantly different expression pattern of lncRNA between the kidneys of DN and DM mice,which may be involved in the progress of DN.

To identify the predictors of prolonged mechanical ventilation in patients undergoing surgery for stanford type A acute aortic dissection. Methods 202 patients who underwent surgery for acute aortic dissection type A from May 2009 to May 2016 were divided into two groups based on their mechanical ventilation time after surgery, including 70 patients with mechanical ventilation 48 hours or more(group A), 132 patients with mechanical ventilation less than 48 hours (group B). Univariate and multivariate analysis(logistic regression) were used to identify the predictive risk factors. Results The mechanical ventilation time was(146. 8 ±78. 5)h and(21. 7 ±9. 5)h in group A and group B respectively. Overall inhospital mortality was 8. 6％ and 2. 3％. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that BMI(OR = 5. 956, 95％ CI: 2. 585 - 13. 723, P =0. 000), CPB time(OR =1. 108, 95％CI: 1. 052 -1. 166, P =0. 000), DHCA(OR =4. 562, 95％ CI: 1. 250 - 16. 640, P =0. 022), red blood cell transfusion intraoperative and in 24 hours postoperatively(OR =2. 625, 95％ CI: 1. 515 -4. 549, P =0. 001) were the independent predictors for prolonged mechanical ventilation. Conclusion The incidence of prolonged mechanical ventilation is high after surgery for stanford type A acute aortic dissection. It can be predicted based on above factors, for patients with these risk factors, more perioperative care strategies are needed in order to shorten the mechanical ventilation time.

To investigate the effect of preoperative uses of levosimendan in patients with low LVEF(≤0. 40) undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCABG). Methods 63 patients with low LVEF coronary artery diseases were prospectively enrolled during June 2015 to May 2018, randomized to levosimendan-treated group(n =32) and control group(n =31)preoperatively. Patients in levosimendan-treated group underwent levosimendan intravenous infusion 24 h before OPCABG. All patients underwent OPCABG at normal temperature. Internal mammary artery and great saphenous vein were used as bypass materials. Hemodynamics and cardiac function were compared between the two groups after OPCABG. Results Compared to control group, the systemic vascular resistance(SVR) and central venous pressure(CVP) of levosimendan- treated group were decreased significantly and the CO and LVEF increased significantly at 12h and 24h after surgery(P < 0. 05). The heart rate and mean artery pressure had no statistical difference between the two groups(P >0. 05). The dosage and administration time of vasoactive agents in levosimendan-treated group were significantly smaller than those in control group (P <0. 05). The time of mechanical ventilation, the ICU stay length, the BNP level in the first two days after operation, and the incidence of new atrial fibrillation were less than those of the control group(P <0. 05). The perioperative intra-aortic balloon pump implantation rate in levosimendan-treated group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P < 0. 05). Conclusion Preoperative use of levosimendan can significantly improve the hemodynamic and cardiac function status of patients with low LVEF after OPCABG, shorten the time of ventilator assisted and ICU hospitalization, and reduce the incidence of adverse events.