In order to understand the characteristics of avian leukosis virus(ALV)infection and the polymorphisms of receptor genes Tva,Tvb and NHE1 sequences in different Qingyuan Ma chick-en breeding farms,the isolation and identification of exogenous ALV virus,receptor gene amplifi-cation and sequencing analysis were carried out in five Qingyuan Ma chicken breeding farms.The results of virus isolation and subtype identification showed that the positive rate of exogenous ALV virus isolation in farms A,B and C was less than 5％,among which there was ALV-J infection alone in farm A,mixed infection with ALV-J and ALV-K in farm B,ALV-K infection a-lone in farm C,and no exogenous ALV infection was detected in farm D and E.Polymorphism anal-ysis of recipient genes showed that there were different frequencies of Tvar3,Tvar4 and Tvbr3 re-sistance alleles in A-E farms,and the distribution frequency of Tvar3 was 0.2-0.6,the distribution frequency of Tvar4 was 0.3-0.7,and the distribution frequency of Tvbr3 was 0.1-0.7.In addition,there were Tvar5 resistance alleles in both B and D farms,with a distribution frequency of 0.2.A to-tal of 18 SNP mutations occurred in the NHE1 receptor gene sequence,and further analysis showed that positions 1 279,1 361,1 369,1 406,1 442,and 1 912 were non-synonymous mutations,which could cause changes in amino acids.The study suggested that there were differences in the exogenous ALV and its subtypes among the five Qingyuan Ma chicken breeders,and each farm should have a more targeted and unique purification strategy.The distribution of Tva and Tvb re-sistance alleles at different frequencies,along with the occurrence of 6 non-synonymous mutations in the NHE1 gene,indicate that Qingyuan Ma chicken have the potential of genetic resistance breeding.

BACKGROUND: Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a severe congenital disorder characterized by vaginal hypoplasia caused by dysplasia of the Müllerian duct. Patients with MRKH syndrome often require nonsurgical or surgical treatment to achieve satisfactory vaginal length and sexual outcomes. The extracellular matrix has been successfully used for vaginal reconstruction. METHODS: In this study, we developed a new biological material derived from porcine vagina (acellular vaginal matrix, AVM) to reconstruct the vagina in Bama miniature pigs. The histological characteristics and efficacy of acellularization of AVM were evaluated, and AVM was subsequently transplanted into Bama miniature pigs to reconstruct the vaginas. RESULTS: Macroscopic analysis showed that the neovaginas functioned well in all Bama miniature pigs with AVM implants. Histological analysis and electrophysiological evidence indicated that morphological and functional recovery was restored in normal vaginal tissues. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the neovaginas had mucosal folds characteristics of normal vagina. No significant differences were observed in the expression of CK14, HSP47, and a-actin between the neovaginas and normal vaginal tissues. However, the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) was significantly lower in the neovaginas than in normal vaginal tissues. In addition, AVM promoted the expression of b-catenin, c-Myc, and cyclin D1. These results suggest that AVM might promotes vaginal regeneration by activating the b-catenin/cMyc/cyclin D1 pathway. CONCLUSION This study reveals that porcine-derived AVM has potential application for vaginal regeneration.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between parathyroid hormone（PTH） level and permanent hypoparathyroidism（PHPP） on the first day after radical papillary thyroidectomy, and its predictive value. Methods:A total of 80 patients with papillary thyroid cancer who underwent total thyroid resection and central lymph node dissection were collected and analyzed from January 2021 to January 2022. According to whether PHPP occurred after surgery, the patients were divided into hypoparathyroidism group and normal parathyroid function group, and univariate and binary logistics regression were used to analyze the correlation between PTH and serum calcium levels and PHPP on the first day after surgery in two groups. The dynamic changes of PTH at different time points after operation were analyzed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic was used to evaluate the predictive power of PTH on the development of PHPP after surgery. Results:Among the 80 patients with papillary thyroid cancer, 10 cases developed PHPP, with an incidence rate of 12.5%. Binary logistics regression analysis showed that PTH on the first postoperative day（OR=14.534, 95%CI: 2.377-88.858, P=0.004） was an independent predictive risk factor for postoperative PHPP. Taking PTH=8.75 ng/L on the first postoperative day as the cut-off value, the AUC of the area under the curve was 0.874（95%CI: 0.790-0.958, P<0.001）, the sensitivity was 71.4%, the specificity was 100%, and the Yoden index was 0.714. Conclusion:PTH level on the first day after total thyroid papillary carcinoma surgery is closely related to PHPP, and is an independent predictor of PHPP.
Humans ; Calcium ; Hypoparathyroidism/surgery* ; Parathyroid Glands ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Postoperative Complications/surgery* ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/surgery* ; Thyroid Neoplasms/complications* ; Thyroidectomy

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of home visit based on empowerment education on psychotic symptoms， self-management ability and well-being of schizophrenia patients in home rehabilitation. MethodsA total of 87 cases of schizophrenia patients who met the diagnostic criteria of International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） and were recovering at home in Caiba town， Yibin city from January to July 2021 were selected by random sampling method as research subjects. They were divided into experimental group （n=43） and control group （n=44） according to the random number table method. The two groups received routine family visits， and the experimental group received family visits based on empowerment education. The intervention cycle of the two groups was 6 months. Before and after the intervention， the severity of psychotic symptoms， self-management ability and well-being of the patients in the two groups were assessed with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale （BPRS）， the Schizophrenia Self-Management Instrument Scale （SSMIS） and the Index of Well-Being Scale （IWB）. ResultsAfter intervention， the intra group comparison showed that the BPRS score in the experimental group was lower than that before the intervention （t=4.550， P<0.01）， the SSMIS scores in both groups were higher than those before intervention （t=-17.107， -6.367， P<0.01）， and the IWB score in the experimental group was higher than that before intervention （t=-9.239， P<0.01）. The comparison between groups showed that the BPRS score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group， and the SSMIS and IWB scores were higher than those of the control group （t=-3.899， 10.564， 9.690， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe implementation of family visit based on empowerment education may help to improve the psychotic symptoms of home rehabilitation schizophrenia， and improve their self-management ability and well-being.

Twenty-six compounds, including sixteen meroterpenoids(1-16), a triterpenoid(17), four terpenoid derivatives(18-21), and five aromatic compounds(22-26), were isolated from the leaves of Psidium guajava. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic analyses including NMR and MS. Compounds 21-26 were obtained from plants of Psidium for the first time. Based on the structure,(R)-2-ethylhexyl 2H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate(24 a), an α-glucosidase inhibitor recently isolated from Paramignya trimera, should be revised as compound 24. Meroterpenoids 1-16 were evaluated for their antitumor and antifungal activities. Meroterpenoids psiguajadial D(4), guapsidial A(5), 4,5-diepipsidial A(7), guadial A(14), and guadial B(15) showed cytotoxicities against five human tumor cell lines(HL-60, A-549, SMMC-7721, MCF-7, and SW-480), among which 5 was the most effective with an IC_(50) of 3.21-9.94 μmol·L~(-1).
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Plant Extracts ; Plant Leaves ; Psidium ; Terpenes

Objective To explore the influence of cucurbitacin E (CuE) on autophagy in human bladder cancer cell line T24 and further study its impacts on cell proliferation. Methods MTT assay was used to determine the proliferation inhibition capacity of CuE on T24 and western blot to check the impacts of CuE treatment on the expression of classic autophagy markers LC3A/B and p62. LC3 turnover assay and GFP-RFP-LC3 fluorescent assay were performed to determine autophagy flux. Western-blot was used to check the autophagy inhibition ability of 3-MA on CuE treatment and MTT assay and cell counting assay were used to check the influence of CuE-induced autophagy on cell proliferation with/without autophagy inhibition. Results CuE inhibited the proliferation of T24 and the IC50 in 24 h was about 0.75 μmol/L. CuE treatment increased the expression of LC3A/B Ⅱ and LC3A/B Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio (P < 0.05) , but decreased the expression of p62 (P < 0.05) , indicating the induction of autophagy. Autophagy flux was induced because of positive LC3 turnover assay and the increase of yellow and red dots in GFP-RFP-LC3 fluorescent assay (P < 0.05). CuE-induced autophagy was inhibited by 3-MA (P < 0.05). With autophagy inhibition, CuE's proliferation suppression ability on T24 was attenuated (P <0.05). Conclusion CuE induces autophagy in bladder cancer cell line T24 and the induced autophagy positively contributes to the inhibitation of cell proliferation.

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the protective effect and its mechanism of thymoquinone （TQ） on myocardial fibrosis （MF） induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats. METHODS： Totally 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group， model group， TQ low-dose and high-dose groups [5， 10 mg/（kg?d）]， with 10 rats in each group. Except that control group was given constant volume of normal saline intraperitoneally， other groups were given LPS intraperitoneally to induce MF model， once a day， for consecutive 3 weeks. Since the first day of modeling， administration group was given relevant medicine intraperitoneally， once a day， for consecutive 3 weeks. After last medication， ELISA method was used to detect the contents of serum inflammation factors （IL-1β， IL-6， TNF-α） in rats. Cardiac mass parameters （HW/BM， LVW/BW） were weighed and calculated. HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of myocardial tissue. The contents or activities of oxidative stress indicators （MDA， SOD） and myocardial collagen indexes （HYP， Col-Ⅰ， Col-Ⅲ） were detected by chemical analysis， xanthine oxidase method or ELISA. mRNA expression of regulation genes （Col-Ⅰ， Col-Ⅲ， MMP-3， MMP-9， TGF-β1 and Smad3） related to myocardial fibrosis were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. RESULTS： Compared with control group， there were swollen myocardial cells， disordered nuclei of different sizes and visible fiber hyperplasia in model group； the levels of serum inflammatory factors and LVW/BW， cardiac contents of MDA， HYP， Col-Ⅰand Col-Ⅲ， mRNA expression of Col-Ⅲ， TGF-β1 and Smad3 in model group were increased significantly （P＜0.05）， while SOD activity was decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group， the degree of myocardial fibrosis was improved in TQ groups to different extents； serum content of IL-1β and the contents of MDA， HYP and Col-Ⅰ in cardiac tissue in TQ low-dose group， serum contents of IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α， LVW/BW and the contents of MDA， HYP， Col-Ⅰ and Col-Ⅲ in cardiac tissue of TQ high-dose group as well as mRNA expression of Col-Ⅰ， Col -Ⅲ， TGF-β1 in TQ groups were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. The activities of SOD in cardiac tissue were increased significantly in TQ groups （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in other indexes among groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： TQ can protect against MF model rats to certain extent， the mechanism of which may be associated with the inhibition of inflammation reaction and oxidant stress reaction， and down-regulation of mRNA expression of Col-Ⅰ， Col-Ⅲ and TGF-β1.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the geometrical matching of a new anatomical adaptive titanium mesh cage (AA-TMC) with the endplate and its effect on cervical segmental alignment reconstruction in single- and two-level anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) and compare the compressive load at the endplate between the AA-TMC and the conventional titanium mesh cage (TMC). METHODS: Twelve cervical cadaveric specimens were used to perform single- and two-level ACCF. The interbody angle (IBA), interbody height (IBH) and the interval between the AA-TMC and the endplate were evaluated by comparison of the pre- and postoperative X-ray images. The maximum load at the endplate was compared between the AA-TMC and TMC based on American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) F2267 standard. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the preoperative and postoperative IBA and IBH in either single-level ACCF (11.62°±2.67° 12.13°±0.69° and 23.90±2.18 mm 24.23±1.13 mm, respectively; > 0.05) or two-level ACCF (15.63°±5.06° 16.16°±1.05°and 42.93±3.51 mm 43.04±1.70 mm, respectively; > 0.05). The mean interval between the AA-TMC and the endplate was 0.37 ± 0.3 mm. Compared to the conventional TMC, the use of AA-TMC significantly increased the maximum load at the endplate in both single-level ACCF (719.7±5.5 N 875.8±5.2 N, < 0.05) and two-level ACCF (634.3±5.9 N 873±6.1 N, < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The use of AA-TMC in single-level and two-level ACCF can significantly increase the maximum load at the endplate to lower the possibility of implant subsidence and allows effective reconstruction of the cervical alignment.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Humans ; Prostheses and Implants ; Spinal Fusion ; Surgical Mesh ; Titanium ; Treatment Outcome

Abscess ; pathology ; Breast ; pathology ; Esophagus ; pathology ; surgery ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Neck ; pathology ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; Recurrence

Objective To evaluate Aedes albopictus infestation status in the central urban area of Shanghai,and analyze the related epidemic risk of mosquito-borne infectious disease.Methods Consecutive mosquito surveillance was conducted in the green lands and residential areas in the central urban area of Shanghai during 2012-2014,the Aedes albopictas density and its seasonal fluctuation were observed;the sequence ofAedes albopictus in Shanghai was aligned with that in other epidemic area abroad,and the susceptibility ofAedes albopictus to mosquito-borne virus and endemic risk were analyzed.Results No Aedes aegypti was found in the central urban area of Shanghai.As predominant species in both the residential area and the green lands,the proportion ofAedes albopictus in the residential area was significantly higher than that in the green lands (78.53％ vs.19.99％,x2=15 525.168,P＜0.001),and so was the density (11.91,42.02 pcs/day· site in the residential area vs.3.65,2.18,2.73 pcs/day· site in the green lands,all P value＜0.001).In 2014,the density reached 42.02 pcs/day · site and the proportion reached 94.69％ in the residential areas.Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the genetic distance between Aedes albopictus in Shanghai and Aedes albopictus in Africa was quite far.Conclusion No Aedes aegypti was found in Shanghai and its surrounding areas,while Aedes albopictus infestation in the central urban area of Shanghai was serious.Strict measures should be taken to reduce the Aedes albopictus density for the effective control Zika virus spread.