OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of gossypol acetic acid （GAA） in the treatment of uterine fibroids. METHODS Human leiomyoma cells SK-UT-1 were selected as objects to investigate the effects of different concentrations （5， 10， 20， 40， 80， 160 μmol/L） of GAA on the activities of cell proliferation. 4D-DIA proteomic detection and bioinformatics analysis were carried out to screen differential proteins. Gene ontology （GO） analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） signaling pathway analysis were performed. The expressions of top 3 proteins [N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 （NDRG1）， epidermal growth factor receptor feedback inhibitor 1 （ERRFI1）， CXC chemokine ligand 3 （CXCL3）] with differential fold changes in SK-UT-1 cells were determined. RESULTS 10-160 μmol/L GAA could significantly reduce the survival rate of SK- UT-1 cells （P＜0.05）. Proteomics results showed that a total of 921 differentially expressed proteins were obtained， including 254 up-regulated proteins and 667 down-regulated proteins. The differentially expressed proteins were mainly distributed in mitochondria， nucleus， extracellular matrix， etc. Bioinformatics results showed that differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT （phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B）， MAPK （mitogen-activated protein kinase）， TNF （tumor necrosis factor）， etc.， which mainly involved cell apoptosis， aging， and movement. GAA significantly decreased protein expressions of NDRG1 and CXCL3 （P＜0.05）， but increased protein expression of ERRFI1 （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The improvement effect of GAA on uterine fibroids may involve signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT， MAPK， TNF， etc. It can improve the occurrence and development of uterine fibroids by downregulating the expressions of NDRG1 and CXCL3 proteins， upregulating the expression of ERRFI1 protein， and affecting the proliferation and apoptosis of uterine fibroid cells.

ObjectiveTo analyze the trend of lung cancer incidence in Fenghua District, Ningbo City of Zhejiang Province from 2009 to 2023, and to estimate the age-period- cohort effects of incidence rate, so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation of lung cancer prevention and control measures in Fenghua District. MethodsJoinpoint software was utilized to analyze the trends and calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of lung cancer incidence based on the tumor incidence surveillance data from Fenghua District, 2009‒2023. The age-period-cohort (APC) model for lung cancer incidence was analyzed using STATA 17.0 software, and net drift and local drift of lung cancer incidence rates were analyzed using online analytical tools. ResultsThe incidence of lung cancer in Fenghua District showed an overall upward trend from 2009 to 2023, with the standardized incidence rate increasing from 45.05/100 000 in 2009 to 108.20/100 000 in 2023(AAPC=7.05%, P<0.05). The increase in the standardized incidence rate for females (AAPC=12.72%, P<0.05) was higher than that for males (AAPC=2.97%, P<0.05). The overall net drift in lung cancer incidence for residents of Fenghua District was 11.71%, with the net drift for females (16.54%) being higher than that for males (6.64%). The local drift in lung cancer incidence among different age groups ranged from -3.37% to 35.18%. The results of APC model showed that the risk of lung cancer incidence increased and then decreased with age, with the highest age effect coefficient observed in the 65‒69 years age group at 1.08. The period effect showed a gradually increasing trend in lung cancer incidence risk with the progression of time, and the period effect coefficient in 2019‒2023 (0.46) was higher than that in 2009‒2013 (-0.39), increasing by 217.95%. The cohort effect coefficient showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the expansion of the birth cohort, in which the lowest cohort effect coefficient was -1.07 observed in the birth cohort of 1964‒1968 and the highest cohort effect coefficient was 1.77 in the birth cohort of 1924‒1928. ConclusionThe incidence of lung cancer in Fenghua District shows an upward trend from 2009 to 2023, with a higher increase in incidence rates among females than that in males. The risk of lung cancer incidence exists a trend of increasing and then decreasing with age growth. With the progression of time, the risk of lung cancer incidence shows a gradually increasing trend. However, with the expansion the birth cohort, the risk of lung cancer incidence demonstrates a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.

This paper summarizes Professor WANG Xiuxia's clinical experience in treating hyperprolactinemia using the liver soothing therapy. Professor WANG identifies liver qi stagnation and rebellious chong qi （冲气） as the core pathomechanisms of hyperprolactinemia. Furthermore， liver qi stagnation may transform into fire or lead to pathological changes such as spleen deficiency with phlegm obstruction or kidney deficiency with essence depletion. The treatment strategy centers on soothing the liver， with a modified version of Qinggan Jieyu Decoction （清肝解郁汤） as the base formula. Depending on different syndrome patterns such as liver stagnation transforming into fire， liver stagnation with spleen deficiency， or liver stagnation with kidney deficiency， heat clearing， spleen strengthening， or kidney tonifying herbs are added accordingly. In addition， three paired herb combinations are commonly used for symptom specific treatment， Danggui （Angelica sinensis） with Chuanxiong （Ligusticum chuanxiong）， Zelan （Lycopus lucidus） with Yimucao （Leonurus japonicus） ， and Jiegeng （Platycodon grandiflorus） with Zisu （Perilla frutescens）.

Spinal cord infarction is rare， and vertebral artery dissection is even more seldom as a cause. This article reports a case of bilateral cervical spinal cord infarction due to right vertebral artery dissection and involvement of the anterior and posterior spinal artery supply areas， achieving a good recovery after intravenous thrombolysis， dual antiplatelet therapy， and other treatments. This may be the first reported case of spinal cord infarction caused by vertebral artery dissection treated with intravenous thrombolysis， suggesting that intravenous thrombolysis may be safe and effective for this rare condition. Vertebral artery dissection sometimes requires a combination of magnetic resonance imaging， vascular ultrasonography， computed tomography angiography， magnetic resonance angiography， and digital subtraction angiography for an accurate diagnosis.

YABBY proteins are important transcription factors that regulate morphogenesis and organ development in plants. In order to study the YABBY of strawberry, bioinformatic technique were used to identify the YABBY gene families in Fragaria vesca (diploid) and Fragaria×ananassa (octoploid), and then analyze the sequence characters, phylogeny and collinearity of the family members. The RNA-seq data and the quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technique were used to assay the expression patterns of the family members. A green fluorescent protein (GFP) was fused with FvYABBYs and transiently expressed in tobacco leaf cells for the subcellular localization. As the results, six FvYABBY genes and 26 FxaYABBY genes were identified from F. vesca and F.×ananassa, respectively. The FvYABBY genes were grouped into five clades, and five family members were orthologous with AtYABBY genes of Arabidopsis. In F. vesca, all of the FvYABBYs were basically not expressed not expressed in root and receptacle, while FvYABBY1, FvYABBY2, FvYABBY5 and FvYABBY6 were highly expressed in leaf, shoot, flower and achene. In F.×ananassa, FxaYABBY1, FxaYABBY2, FxaYABBY5 and FxaYABBY6 were expressed in achene, and all FxaYABBY were poorly or not expressed in receptacle. Additionally, under the abiotic stresses of low temperature, high salt and drought, the expression of FvYABBY1, FvYABBY3, FvYABBY4 and FvYABBY6 were down-regulated, FvYABBY5 was up-regulated, and FvYABBY2 was up-regulated and then down-regulated. In tobacco leaf cells, the subcellular localization of FvYABBY proteins were in the nucleus. These results provides a foundation for the functional researches of YABBY gene in strawberry.
Fragaria/genetics* ; Arabidopsis ; Biological Assay ; Cold Temperature ; Computational Biology

Aim To study the mechanism of quereetin (Que) inhibiting mitochondrial damage induced by Aβ

Induced sputum testing is a non-invasive test that reflects the nature and extent of airway inflammation and plays an important role in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of chronic airway diseases. This article outlines the development history of induced sputum technology, introduces the principle and operation of induced sputum technology, evaluates its safety, summarizes the three main test components, elaborates the role of this technology in various chronic airway diseases, such as reflecting the type of airway inflammation, predicting the efficacy of medication, and combining it with transcriptomics to study disease mechanisms, and briefly summarizes its innovations and makes a vision for the future.

Objective By using the computational fluid mechanic(CFD)method the tandem carotid artery stenosis(TCAS)was simulated on the model,and to compare the postoperative hemodynamic changes of different surgical procedures.Methods One patient with tandem stenosis of internal carotid artery(ICA)and common carotid artery(CCA)was selected.CFD technique was used to establish four three-dimensional(3-D)models of the carotid bifurcations,including one model of a real patient and three models of presumptive surgery.The hemodynamic analysis was performed with these models so as to explore the development mechanism of TCAS and to discuss the selection of suitable surgical plan.Results In tandem stenosis,the stenosis was preferentially formed in CCA and subsequently led to ICA stenosis.The local hemodynamic situation in TCAS was more complex and more risky than in single carotid artery stenosis.In tandem stenosis,the treatment of one stenosis site would affect the blood flow at the next stenosis site and cause restenosis or plaque rupture.Conclusion In treating patients with TCAS,CFD simulation examination should be performed when the surgical plan is formulated,which can help clinicians to predict the postoperative changes in blood flow and to choose the appropriate surgical plan.

Objective:To establish the animal model of cervicofacial venous malformations(VMs)by surgical reconstruction of exter-nal jugular vein in sheep.Methods:The external jugular veins of 5 sheep were dissected,and the position,course,branch and exter-nal diameter were observed and measured.The models of VMs with draining and returning veins were constructed by suturing or constric-ting the proximal part of main trunk and ligating or constricting the distal part of the jugular or branch veins.The animal model was eval-uated by Doppler ultrasound,gross observation and histological observation at the 4th week after surgery.Results:The external jugular veins of sheep is in the lateral side of bilateral neck,and the main trunk is formed by the maxillary vein and lingual facial vein.The ex-ternal diameter ranges from 6 to 12 mm,with an average external diameter of 9.3 mm.Immediately after the external jugular vein was sutured and narrowed at the proximal part of the main vein,the distal part of the vein branch was ligated or narrowed,the blood flow speed slowed down and the veins in the model area bulged.4 weeks after surgery,gross observation showed that most veins narrowed and thrombosis was formed in part of the venous lumen.The central region of some specimens was dilated,and the peripheral collateral veins were dilated in some models.Doppler ultrasonography showed that the lumens of most veins were dilated and the returning veins and the inflow veins were narrowed.Colored blood flow was seen in the lumen.Histological observation showed that the structure of vein endothelium and wall was close to the normal vein,and the vein vessel wall of some specimens was thickened.Conclusion:The VMs model estab-lished by external jugular vein of sheep basically meets the re-quirements and is expected to be used in the therapeutic meth-odology research of cervicofacial VMs.

Objective To investigate the value of computer-assisted quantification of pulmonary embolism volume(PEV)in identifying mild-to-high-risk acute pulmonary embolism(APE).Methods We retrospectively enrolled 143 patients with suspected APE confirmed by computed tomography pulmonary angiography(CTPA)at Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020.According to the 2018 Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis,Treatment and Prevention of Pulmonary Thromboembolism,all the patients were divided into low-risk group(n=88)and mild-to-high-risk group(n=55).We collected the patients'basic demographic data,clinical manifestations,and serum levels of N-terminal-B type natriuretic peptide precursor(NT-proBNP)and D-dimer.Based on CTPA images,the degree of pulmonary thromboembolism was artificially evaluated to obtain the pulmonary artery occlusion index(PAOI).The thrombus was segmented using the pulmonary embolism detection tool based on digital lung,and PEV was calculated.We compared the differences in clinical and laboratory indicators and PAOI and PEV between the two risk groups.We analyzed the value of PAOI and PEV in identifying mild-to-high-risk APE using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,and used Logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors in predicting mild-to-high-risk APE.Different models were established.Results Compared with the low-risk group,APE patients in the mild-to-high-risk group were older(P＜0.05),had lower diastolic blood pressure(P＜0.05),higher levels of D-dimer and NT-proBNP(P＜0.05),lower levels of platelet count,arterial oxygen partial pressure and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure(P＜0.05),and higher levels of PAOI and PEV(P＜0.001).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for PEV in identifying mild-to-high-risk APE was 0.809(95％CI:0.734-0.884),while that for PAOI was 0.753(95％CI:0.667-0.839).Logistic regression analysis showed that PEV and NT-proBNP were independent risk factors for mild-to-high-risk APE(P＜0.05).Conclusion PEV and NT-proBNP are independent risk factors for mild-to-high-risk APE.