This study was designed to evaluate the correlation between immune antibodies and pelvic inflammatory disease(PID)using retrospective analysis.Cases were selected from 171 patients who met the diagnosis of PID in Liuzhou People's Hospital of Guangxi Province from January 2022 to March 2023,and the PID patients were further divided into simple PID group(53 cases)and in PID combined with reproductive tract infection group(118 cases)according to the presence or absence of reproductive tract infections,while 83 cases of women who did not meet the specific diagnostic criteria of PID and did not have reproductive tract infections were selected as the control group during the same period.The positive rate of immune antibodies in the three groups were observed and compared to explore the relationship between immune antibodies and PID.Data showed that the positive rates of immune antibodies were significantly higher in the PID alone group and the PID combined with reproductive tract infection group than that in the control group.Furthermore,the positive rate of immune antibody TPOAb was significant difference in the PID combined with reproductive tract infection group and the PID alone group(P<0.05).In conclusion,TPOAb is closely associated with reproductive tract infections.

Objective To establish the reference interval of serum non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(n-HDL-C)in adults in Yan'an city of Shaanxi Province and analyze the influencing factors.Methods A total of 16 921 adults from 10 towns in Yan'an City of Shaanxi Province from January to September 2023 were selected by random sampling.Age,sex,smoking,drinking,exercise,hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,chronic disease,residence,eating habits,marital status,education and monthly income were investigated.Height,weight,waist circumference and blood pressure were measured.Serum triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TCHO),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),Apolipoprotein A1(ApoA1),Apolipoprotein B(ApoB)and lipoprotein a[Lp(a)]levels were detected,and n-HDL-C levels were calculated:n-HDL-C(mmol/L)=TCHO(mmol/L)-HDL-C(mmol/L).The 95％reference interval(P25～P97 5)was calculated according to the percentile method recommended in WS/T402-2012 Health Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of serum n-HDL-C level.Results The serum n-HDL-C levels in both males and females were not normally distributed(S=2.119,2.091,all P＜0.001).There were significant differences in serum levels of n-HDL-C among males aged＞60 years old[2.98(2.50,3.37)mmol/L],18～30 years old[2.84(2.49,3.26)mmol/L],31～40 years old[2.98(2.62,3.42)mmol/L],41～50 years old[3.10(2.62,3.47)mmol/L]and 51～60 years old[3.05(2.64,3.46)mmol/L]contrast,and the differences were significant(H=3.618～5.680,all P＜0.05).There were significant differences in serum levels of n-HDL-C among women aged 51～60 years[3.08(2.71,3.44)mmol/L],18～30 years[2.64(2.29,3.07)mmol/L],31～40 years[2.67(2.31,3.08)mmol/L]and 41～50 years old[2.94(2.58,3.29)mmol/L]contrast(H=8.161～13.445,all P＜0.001).There were significant differences in serum n-HDL-C levels among patients aged＞60 years old[2.98(2.57,3.34)mmol/L],18～30 years old,31～40 years old and 41～50 years old contrast,and the differences were significant(H=7.985～14.018,all P＜0.001).The reference interval of serum n-HDL-C level in adult population was obtained by combining the age groups with no statistical significance:males aged 18～60 years old(1.97～3.97mmol/L),＞60 years old(1.86～3.91mmol/L);females aged 18～50 years(1.82～3.74 mmol/L),＞50 years old(1.94～3.88 mmol/L).A total of 16 921 adults were divided into normal n-HDL-C group and abnormal group,and the differences of serum TG(1.02±0.31 mmol/L vs 1.24±0.37mmol/L),TCHO(3.97±1.02 mmol/L vs 4.66±1.25 mmol/L),LDL-C(2.37±0.58mmol/L vs 2.59±0.67 mmol/L)levels and age(43.55±11.52 years vs 46.27±8.13 years)between the two groups were significant(t=2.041～3.151,all P＜0.05),in which the abnormal rate of serum n-HDL-C level was 42.50％.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that males,lack of exercise,overweight or obesity,dyslipidemia,urban residents,and high school education or above were the influential factors for serum n-HDL-C levels in adults in this region(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The reference interval of serum n-HDL-C level in adults in this area was preliminarily established.Males,lack of exercise,overweight or obesity,dyslipidemia,urban residents,and high school education or above were the influential factors of abnormal serum n-HDL-C levels in adults in this area.

Objective To observe the value of 5.0T MRI for quantifying proton density fat fraction(PDFF)of liver.Methods Liver chemical shift encoded(CSE)MR scanning were prospectively performed using 5.0T,3.0T and 1.5T scanner in 30 volunteers,respectively,and CSE-PDFF were measured.Then MR spectroscopy(MRS)were performed using 5.0T and 1.5T scanner,respectively,and MRS-PDFF were also measured.The consistency of liver PDFF measured on different images was observed,and the value of 5.0T MRI for liver PDFF was analyzed.Results The overall consistencies of liver CSE-PDFF measured with 5.0T,3.0T and 1.5T MR scanner were all good(all ICC＞0.75,all P＜0.001).The consistency of liver CSE-PDFF based on 5.0T and 3.0T,1.5T MR scanner were both good(ICC=0.989,0.992,both P＜0.001).The overall consistencies of CSE-PDFF based on 5.0T MR and MRS-PDFF based on 5.0T and 1.5T MR were both good(both ICC＞0.75,both P＜0.001).CSE-PDFF had good consistency with MRS-PDFF based on same 5.0T MR scanner(ICC=0.988,P＜0.001),and CSE-PDFF based on 5.0T had good consistency with MRS-PDFF based on 1.5T MR scanner(ICC=0.978,P＜0.001).Conclusion 5.0T MRI had high value for quantifying liver PDFF.

Objective To observe the consistency of 5.0T and 1.5T MR spectroscopy(MRS)for quantitating proton density fat fraction(PDFF)of liver.Methods Lipid emulsion models with lipid content of 0,5％,10％,15％,20％,25％and 30％were prepared.1H-MRS were collected using 5.0T and 1.5T MR scanners,respectively,and PDFF were obtained with jMRUI software.Totally 23 people,including 11 cases of fatty liver and 12 healthy adults were prospectively collected,and volume of interest(VOI)in the liver were selected to acquire 1H-MRS,and PDFF were obtained with jMRUI software and corresponding workstation,respectively.The consistencies of PDFF measured with different methods were analyzed.Results PDFF of lipid emulsion models with lipid content of 0,5％,10％,15％,20％,25％and 30％measured with jMRUI software and workstations based on 5.0T and 1.5T 1H-MRS all had good consistencies and being positively correlated,so were PDFF of liver tissue measured with jMRUI software and workstations based on 5.0T and 1.5T 1H-MRS.Conclusion 5.0T and 1.5T 1H-MRS had good consistency for quantitating liver PDFF.Measuring liver PDFF with workstation in clinical practice was helpful to simplifying workflow.

The development of broad-spectrum antivirals against human coronaviruses (HCoVs) is critical to combat the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants, as well as future outbreaks of emerging CoVs. We have previously identified a polyethylene glycol-conjugated (PEGylated) lipopeptide, EK1C4, with potent pan-CoV fusion inhibitory activity. However, PEG linkers in peptide or protein drugs may reduce stability or induce anti-PEG antibodies in vivo. Therefore, we herein report the design and synthesis of a series of dePEGylated lipopeptide-based pan-CoV fusion inhibitors featuring the replacement of the PEG linker with amino acids in the heptad repeat 2 C-terminal fragment (HR2-CF) of HCoV-OC43. Among these lipopeptides, EKL1C showed the most potent inhibitory activity against infection by SARS-CoV-2 and its spike (S) mutants, as well as other HCoVs and some bat SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoVs) tested. The dePEGylated lipopeptide EKL1C exhibited significantly stronger resistance to proteolytic enzymes, better metabolic stability in mouse serum, higher thermostability than the PEGylated lipopeptide EK1C4, suggesting that EKL1C could be further developed as a candidate prophylactic and therapeutic for COVID-19 and other coronavirus diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To explore biomarkers for early auxiliary diagnosis of pneumoconiosis in coal workers(CWP) and its clinical significance. METHODS: Sixty-nine male coal miners exposed to dust were selected as control group, and sixty-seven CWP male patients were chosen as CWP group by purposive sampling method. Serum samples were collected from subjects of the two groups. The levels of malonaldehyde(MDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were determined by colorimetric method. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the level of interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α). The acetylcholinesterase(AChE) activity was determined by modified Ellman method. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of CWP. The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was established to analyze the sensitive indicators in the pathogenesis of CWP. RESULTS: The serum SOD activity decreased(median: 65.1 vs 59.2 kU/L, P<0.05), and the MDA, IL-6 and TNF-α levels increased in the CWP group(median: 4.92 vs 6.68 μmol/L, 129.82 vs 163.18 ng/L, 63.90 vs 70.93 ng/L, P<0.05) compared with the control group. The logistic regression analysis results showed that AChE was the protective factor of CWP, while age, chronic respiratory symptoms, IL-6 and MDA were the risk factors of CWP(P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that IL-6 and MDA can be used as early indicators for the diagnosis of CWP in dust-exposed workers. CONCLUSION: The serum IL-6 and MDA levels can be used as biomarkers for early auxiliary diagnosis of CWP.

How to discover the valuable knowledge from the large amount of prescription data accumulated in the long-term medical practice of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is one of the important contents of TCM modernization.Based on the prescription data of Xue' s clinical practice of many years,this paper explored the method of combining TCM network and prescription network to find out Xue' s common core drug combination.Based on 9,584 prescriptions in the Hospital Information System of Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,prescription network and drug network were constructed according to the similarity of prescription composition and drug co-occurrence relationship.Using the complex network analysis methods,such as community analysis method,to analyze the prescription and drug compatibility,the results were evaluated and analyzed by Xue and his successors.As a result,through complex network analysis,126 modular prescriptions and 4 TCM modules were obtained.One of the core components of the prescription module included Xiao Chai Hu decoction,Yin Qiao powder,and Sheng Jiang powder compound addition and subtraction.It was in consistent with the drug composition of exogenous febrile prescriptions excavated earlier.In conclusion,using the complex network methods,we can get some core drug combinations prescribed by Prof.Xue,and achieve the common compound core drug combination for treating diseases with certain vantages,laying a foundation for further inheriting and excavating Xue' s effective experience.

Cerebrospinal fluid proteomics, a branch of proteomics, is aimed to separate different types of cerebrospinal fluid proteins and identify differentially expressed protein sites through core analysis techniques.Since cerebrospinal fluid is directly connected with extracellular fluid of brain tissue, the abnormal change in the central nervous system could influence the composition of cerebrospinal fluid, such as peptides and proteins.Cerebrospinal fluid proteomics research gives insight into understanding of physiological and pathological changes of central nervous system(CNS), which is a supplement of cytological examination and biochemical test for CNS, and the technology provides a support for diagnosis and treatment of CNS diseases.Detecting cerebrospinal fluid proteomics is of great importance for the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of CNS diseases.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of standard dose prednisone(starting dose about 0.4 mg/kg bw) combined with glutamine(2 g/d) for Graves' ophthalmopathy(GO) after 131I treatment.Methods The prospective randomized controlled trial was performed and included 116 consecutive patients with mild-to-moderate GO or no active GO after 131I treatment,but with high risk factors.The experimental group(59 cases) started to take oral prednisone(0.44 ± 0.13)mg/kg at 2 d atter theatment,meanwhile replenishing glutamine,and prednisone was gradually decreased by 5mg per 2 weeks and stopped until 2 months;the control group(57 cases) received the initial dose prednisone(0.43± 0.14)mg/kg without replenishing glutamine,and the rest was same as the experimental group.The GO change and prednisone adverse reactions in 2,4,6 months after treatment were evalua ted in the two groups.Results The baseline characteristics had no significant difference between the two groups.In comparison of the experimental group and control group after 6-month treatment,the CAS score was (2.8 ± 0.8 vs.3.5 ± 0.9),exophthalmos degree was (19.6±8.1)mm vs.(21.7±3.0)mm,eyelid width was (11.3±2.9)mm vs.(13.8±3.1)mm,the improvement degree in the experimental group except for degree was superior to the control group (P＜0.01).No new onset GO or deterioation oc curred in the two groups;the experimental group had 42 cases(71.2 ％) of GO improvement and 17 cases(28.8 ％) of stability,while the control group had 39 cases(68.4％) of GO improvement and 18 cases(31.6％) of stability,and the curative effects had no sttis-tical difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).The side effects in the control group were more than those in the experimental group(63.1％ vs.30.5％,P＜0.05).the body mass increase was more obvious [(3.8±1.8) kg vs.(1.4±1.2)kg,P＜0.01],and SBP and DBP in the two groups were slightly increased[(10±4)mm Hg vs.(9±5)mm Hg P＞0.05].Conclusion Using the initial dose of oral prednisone(about 0.4 mg/kg) for 2 months and simultaneously replenishing glutamine (2 g/d)can effectively improve mild-moderate GO,and effectively reduce the adverse reactions of GC.However it is needed to extend the follow-up time to assess whether it can truly prevent the deterioration of GO,and to conduct a further study for the role of glutamine.

Optimum research on famous TCM doctors’ experienced prescriptions can optimize the composition of prescriptions which originated from experienced prescriptions, clarify the functions of indications and efficacy features of experienced prescriptions. Case report forms which are normally adapted to clinical new medicine study cannot meet the demand of observational study to optimize experienced prescriptions. This article expounded design features, structure elements and collection timing and proposed requirements for information collection through practice of case report forms in the optimum research on famous TCM doctors’ experienced prescriptions, with a purpose to realize the optimization of experienced prescriptions through observational study on famous TCM doctors’ experienced prescriptions and provide evidence for further clinical research on experienced prescriptions.