BACKGROUND:Apoptosis plays an important role in secondary brain injury.Therefore,to explore the pathophysiological mechanism of promoting nerve cell survival after traumatic brain injury provides a new direction and theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of traumatic brain injury. OBJECTIVE:To explore the expression changes of Lnx1 molecule in mammalian cortical neurons after brain injury and the possible mechanism involved in secondary brain injury. METHODS:Eighty adult SD rats were divided into 20 male and 20 female mice in sham operation group and 20 male and 20 female mice in traumatic brain injury group.The traumatic brain injury rat model was established by heavy falling method.At 6,12,24,48,and 72 hours after brain injury,the expression of related molecules in damaged cortical neurons was analyzed by RT-qPCR,western blot assay,and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The brain tissue of traumatic brain injury group was bleeding and obvious tissue injury could be observed.Water content of brain tissue increased after traumatic brain injury.(2)Compared with the sham operation group,the expression of Lnx1 in cortical neurons after traumatic brain injury increased significantly at 24 hours after injury.(3)After traumatic brain injury,the expression of PBK and BCR protein decreased,and the pro-survival factor ctgf increased.(4)These findings suggest that after traumatic brain injury,the expression of Lnx1 is up-regulated in neurons,which may be due to the decrease of the expression of its target molecules PBK and BCR,and further promote the expression of living factor ctgf,which has a protective effect on the damaged neurons.

[Objective] To establish a cryopreservation protocol for small-volume (≤1 mL) red blood cells (RBCs) and to evaluate the reactivity and stability of blood group antigens after cryopreservation, so as to explore its potential application in immunohematology reference laboratories. [Methods] Small-volume RBCs were cryopreserved for 120 days, followed by thawing and deglycerolization to restore the RBC components. The quality of the RBCs was assessed. Serum antibodies were serially diluted and reacted with RBCs before and after cryopreservation, and agglutination scores were recorded to quantitatively evaluate the reactivity and stability of blood group antigens such as Rh, Duffy, Lewis, Kidd, M, and H. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the percentage and mean fluorescence intensity of ABO antigen expression on RBCs before and after cryopreservation to assess the usability of cryopreserved RBCs in flow immunophenotyping and blood group subtype studies. [Results] The hemolysis rate of thawed and deglycerolized RBCs was (0.27±0.10)%, with a supernatant free hemoglobin level of (0.52±0.14) g/L, and the RBC recovery rate was (69.12±7.91)%. The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was negative for all thawed RBCs. There was no difference in the reactivity of blood group antigens before and after cryopreservation, and no difference in the percentage and mean fluorescence intensity of A and B antigen expression on RBCs before and after cryopreservation. [Conclusion] The small-volume RBC cryopreservation protocol can be applied to immunohematology analysis in reference laboratories and is expected to be widely used in blood group identification, antibody screening, identification, and blood group-related research.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical efficacy of integrating pharmacists into family health teams （FHTs） for long-term medication therapeutical management （MTM） in stroke patients， and empirically evaluate the service model. METHODS A pharmacist team， jointly established by clinical and community pharmacists from the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University （hereinafter referred to as “our hospital”）， developed a pharmacist-supported MTM model integrated into FHTs. Using a prospective randomized controlled design， 170 stroke patients discharged from our hospital （July 2022-December 2023） and enrolled in FHTs at Suzhou Runda Community Hospital were randomly divided into trial group （88 cases） and control group （82 cases） according to random number table. The control group received routine FHTs care （without pharmacist involvement in the team collaboration）， while the trial group xhz8405@126.com received 12-month MTM services supported by pharmacists via an information platform. These services specifically included innovative interventions such as personalized medication regimen optimization based on the MTM framework， dynamic medication adherence management， medication safety monitoring， a home medication assessment system， and distinctive service offerings. Outcomes of the 2 grousp were compared before and after intervention， involving medication adherence （adherence rate， adherence score）， compliance rates for stroke recurrence risk factors [blood pressure， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）]， and incidence of adverse drug reactions （ADR）. RESULTS After 12 months， the trial group exhibited significantly higher medication adherence rates， improved adherence scores， higher compliance rates for blood pressure and LDL-C targets compared to the control group （P＜0.05）. The incidence of ADR in the trial group （4.55%） was significantly lower than that in the control group （8.11%）， though the difference was not statistically significant （P＞ 0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacist involvement in FHTs to deliver MTM services significantly enhances medication adherence and optimizes risk factor for stroke recurrence， offering practical evidence for advancing pharmaceutical care in chronic disease management under the family doctor system.

Objective:To summarize the clinical features of primary segmental volvulus (PSV) in neonates.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of neonates with PSV who were admitted to the Department of Neonatal Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from May 2014 to May 2023. The clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, treatment and prognosis of the neonates were summarized, and descriptive statistical analysis was performed on the collected data.Results:A total of 10 neonates with PSV were included, with a mean gestational age of (34.1±3.0) weeks and birth weight of (2 291±646) g. Eight cases had an onset age of 3 d or less, and 2 cases had an onset age of more than 3 d. Abdominal distension was observed as the main manifestation in all cases, while bilious vomiting occurred in seven cases and hematochezia in five cases. Imaging examinations mainly revealed low intestinal obstruction without specific manifestations. Laboratory tests showed metabolic acidosis and varing degrees of anaemia. Nine cases underwent diagnostic abdominal puncture, of which five had bloody ascites, two had clear ascites, one had bloody mixed with fecal-like ascites, and one had chylous ascites. All the cases underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy and segmental small bowel resections with either primary intestinal anastomosis or enterostomy. All cases were successfully cured and had been followed up to the age of 4 months to 9 years with good growth and development as normal children of the same age.Conclusions:Neonatal PSV is an independent abdominal emergency characterized by non-specific clinical manifestations and difficult preoperative diagnosis, but the overall prognosis is favorable after active surgical treatment.

Objective Based on sentinel symptoms,a nursing intervention program for gastrointestinal symptom group of postoperative chemotherapy for lung cancer was constructed and its application effect was evaluated.Methods The nursing intervention program of gastrointestinal symptom group was constructed on the basis of ref-erence guidelines,qualitative interview and expert consultation.From January 2021 to January 2022,a total of 330 patients with postoperative chemotherapy for lung cancer in a tertiary hospital in Shenyang were selected as re-search subjects.The experimental group received the gastrointestinal symptoms group nursing intervention program on the basis of routine nursing,and the control group received routine care.Patients were investigated with the M.D.Anderson Symptom Inventory and the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey before 1st chemotherapy(T1),3rd chemotherapy(T2)and 5th chemotherapy(T3).Results After the intervention,the total scores of the 2 groups and the total scores of each symptom in T2 and T3 were statistically significant(P＜0.05),and the score of the experi-mental group was lower than that of the control group.For the scores of 6 dimensions of physiological function,physical pain,overall health,vitality,emotional function,mental health in 2 groups between different time points,the differences are statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The nursing intervention program of the gastroin-testinal symptom group based on sentinel symptoms is beneficial to reduce the severity of the gastrointestinal symp-tom group and improve the quality of life for postoperative chemotherapy for lung cancer patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and potential predisposing factors of the external cervical resorption(ECR).Methods:22 ECR cases with 38 affected teeth from 2016 to 2022 were retrospectively reviwed.Descriptive analysis combined with single factor analysis was used to study the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of ECR.Results:Maxillary anterior teeth(34.2％)were the most affected by ECR.Univariate analysis showed that ECR was more commonly noted in teeth without percussion pain and palpation pain,the probing depth of the periodontal pocket was greater than 3mm,with pulp activity reaction,without forma-tion of abscess and/or sinus tract,and without periapical lesions.There were statistically significant differences in percussion tender-ness,palpation tenderness and probing depth among the different Heithersary stages(P＜0.05).In the advanced cases,deep periodon-tal pockets and abscess formation were observed.The most common related dental factors of ECR were orthodontic treatment(15.87％)and dental traumatic injury(28.57％).Conclusion:ECR affected teeth often lack of clinical signs and symptoms.Radiology is the key to early diagnosis.

Objective:To discuss the clinical efficacy of recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH)in the treatment of the pediatric patients with growth hormone deficiency(GHD)and idiopathic short stature(ISS),and to clarify its clinical application value in the pediatric patients with short stature of different etiologies.Methods:The clinical data of 132 children with short stature who treated with rhGH from January 2018 to January 2023 were collected.They were divided into GHD group(n=70)and ISS group(n=62)based on different etiologies.The bone age,target height(TH),body mass index(BMI),height standard deviation score(HtSDS),changes in height standard deviation scores(ΔHtSDS)before treatment and 6 months after treatment,and growth velocity(GV)of the pediatric patients were calculated.Propensity score matching(PSM)and inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW)were used to balance the confounding factors between the pediatric patients in two groups and the efficacy and safety of the pediatric patients in two groups were evaluated.Results:There were significant differences in whether children were full-term,bone age,bone age maturity,and TH of the pediatric patients between two groups(P<0.05).Compared with before treatment,the height and HtSDS of the pediatric patients in both GHD and ISS groups were significantly increased after treated for 6 months(P<0.05).Before matched by PSM,there were significant differences in full-term,bone age,bone age maturity,and TH of the pediatric patients between two groups(P<0.05).After matched by PSM,there were no significant differences in gender,region,term birth status,mode of delivery,feeding method,age,bone age,height,BMI,TH,and pretreatment HtSDS of the pediatric patients between two groups(P>0.05);the standardized mean difference(SMD)differences of covariates except for region were<0.2.After weighted by IPTW,there were no significant differences in gender,region,term birth status,mode of delivery,feeding method,age,bone age,height,BMI,TH,and pretreatment HtSDS of the pediatric patients between two groups(P>0.05);all SMD of covariates except for term birth status were<0.2.Before balancing covariates,after meatched by PSM matching,and after weighted by IPTW weighting compared with GHD group,the GV and ΔHtSDS of the pediatric patients in ISS group were slightly increased,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).In terms of adverse reactions,2 cases(2.68%)of fasting hyperglycemia and 7 cases(10.00%)of hypothyroidism occurred in GHD group;3 cases(4.84%)of fasting hyperglycemia and 2 cases(3.23%)of hypothyroidism occurred in ISS group.Conclusion:rhGH can promote the height increase in the patients with GHD and ISS,and there is no significant difference in the height-increasing efficacy between GHD and ISS children.The incidence of adverse reactions is relatively low during treatment,indicating good overall safety.

Aging poses a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death in the aged population. However, the cell type-specific changes underlying cardiac aging are far from being clear. Here, we performed single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of left ventricles from young and aged cynomolgus monkeys to define cell composition changes and transcriptomic alterations across different cell types associated with age. We found that aged cardiomyocytes underwent a dramatic loss in cell numbers and profound fluctuations in transcriptional profiles. Via transcription regulatory network analysis, we identified FOXP1, a core transcription factor in organ development, as a key downregulated factor in aged cardiomyocytes, concomitant with the dysregulation of FOXP1 target genes associated with heart function and cardiac diseases. Consistently, the deficiency of FOXP1 led to hypertrophic and senescent phenotypes in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Altogether, our findings depict the cellular and molecular landscape of ventricular aging at the single-cell resolution, and identify drivers for primate cardiac aging and potential targets for intervention against cardiac aging and associated diseases.
Aged ; Animals ; Humans ; Aging/genetics* ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism* ; Primates/metabolism* ; Repressor Proteins/metabolism* ; Transcriptome ; Macaca fascicularis/metabolism*

Radiation-induced lung injury （RILI）， one of the common complications caused by radiotherapy， encompasses two phases： an early phase known as radiation pneumonitis （RP） and a late phase called radiation fibrosis （RF）， threatening the life and life quality of patients， with poor prognosis. Accumulating evidence has shown that the occurrence of RILI is related to a variety of cytokines and signaling pathways. This paper summarized the research on the effects of Chinese medicine on RILI from the perspective of cytokines and signaling pathways. Cytokines include transforming growth factor-β₁ （TGF-β₁）， interleukins （ILs）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， platelet-derived growth factor （PDGF）， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， and high mobility group box-1 （HMGB1）. Related signaling pathways are phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway， mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway， Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway， Notch1/Jagged1 signaling pathway， and nuclear factor-E₂-related factor2/antioxidant response element （Nrf2/ARE） signaling pathway. Cytokines may interfere with RILI progression by initiating various downstream signaling pathways， such as TGF-β₁/Smads signaling pathway， TGF-β₁/VEGF signaling pathway， TNF-α/nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway， and HMGB1/Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） signaling pathway. In recent years， many scholars have attempted to delay RILI progression by down-regulating the expression of cytokines， antagonizing the effect of cytokines or regulating signaling pathways. It has been verified that many Chinese medicines， Chinese medicine monomers， and compound Chinese medicine prescriptions can inhibit the release of some cytokines or regulate some signaling pathways to reduce the incidence/severity of RILI， with satisfactory therapeutic effects， which have attracted the interest of scholars.

Objective: To evaluate the immunogenicity of group A+C meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine in infants under 2 years old. Methods: From March 2017 to June 2018, 1 932 healthy infants in Biyang County, Henan Province, who were not vaccinated with meningococcal meningitis vaccine and whose axillary temperature was ≤37.0 ℃, were recruited as participants. The 3 months and 6-11 months old infants were allocated to the experiment group and the control group in a ratio of 1∶1. Infants aged 12-23 months were allocated to the 1-dose group, the 2-dose group and the control group in a ratio of 1∶1∶1, with 276 infants in each group. The infants in the experiment group were intramuscularly injected with freeze-dried group A+C meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine to be evaluated, and infants in the control group received intramuscular injection of commercially available freeze-dried group A+C meningococcal conjugate vaccine. The venous blood of infants was collected 30 days before the first dose and after the last dose of inoculation, and the antibody seroconversion of each group was determined and compared. Results: The completion rate of immunogenicity study was 95.2% (1 839/1 932). Before inoculation, there was no statistical difference in the geometric mean titer and positive rate of group A+C antibodies between the experiment group and the control group in 3 months and 6-11 months old infants (all P values >0.05). The geometric mean titers and positive rate of group A antibodies in the 1-dose group were higher than those in the control group (all P values <0.05), but there was no statistical difference between the 2-dose group and the control group (all P values >0.05) in infants aged 12-23 months. After inoculation, the differences (95%CI) in the positive conversion rate of group A+C antibodies between the experiment group and the control group were -0.12% (-6.01%-5.77%) and 0.82% (-4.23%-5.86%) in the 3 months old infants. At the age of 6-11 months, the differences were 6.75% (1.71%-11.79%) and -4.32% (-8.73%-0.08%), respectively. At the age of 12-23 months, the differences were 1.02% (-3.80%-5.83%) and -4.40% (-7.79%- -1.01%) in the 2-dose group and -7.22% (-12.90%- -1.54%) and -18.61% (-23.75%- -13.46%) in the 1-dose group, respectively. The geometric mean titers of group A+C antibodies in the 3 months old infants were 48.50 and 63.12, respectively, which had no significant difference from the control group (43.02 and 57.99, respectively) (both P values <0.05). The geometric mean titers of group A+C antibodies in the 6-11 months and 12-23 months old infants were 84.09 and 92.51 (2-dose group), which were higher than those in the corresponding control group (43.10 and 61.83, respectively) (all P values <0.001). Conclusion: Group A+C meningococcal conjugate vaccine has good immunogenicity in infants under 2 years old.
Humans ; Infant ; Child, Preschool ; Meningococcal Vaccines ; Vaccines, Conjugate ; Vaccination ; Neisseria meningitidis ; Polysaccharides ; Antibodies, Bacterial