Objective To investigate whether there is a correlation between cerebral microbleeds and warfarin-related intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods Thirty-four patients developed ICH after taking warfarin outside the hospital were used as microbleed group, and 54 patients without developing ICH after taking warfarin at the same period were used as control group. The general information, cerebrovascular risk factors, and laboratory tests, such as coagulation function and imaging findings of cerebral microbleeds between the two groups were compared. Results The detection rate of cerebral microbleeds (82.4% vs. 22.2%, P＜0.001)and the number of lesions (10.40±25.60 vs.0.60±1.09, P＜0.001) in the microbleed group were significantly higher and more than those in the control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the international normalized ratio was too high (OR 4. 241,95% CI 1. 421-12. 198; P =0. 012), and cerebral microbleeds (OR 79. 827, 95% CI 6. 113-368. 13; P =0. 001 ) were the independent risk factor for warfarin-related ICH. Conclusions Cerebral microbleeds were the independent risk factors for warfarin-related ICH.