ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Yifei Jianpi prescription on the of signal transducer and activator of transcription protein 1 （STAT1）/interferon regulatory factor 3 （IRF3） signaling pathway in a pneumonia model induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） and to explore the mechanism of Yifei Jianpi prescription in improving lung immune and inflammatory responses. MethodsSixty male SPF SD rats were used in this study. Ten rats were randomly assigned to the normal control group， and the remaining 50 were instilled with LPS in the trachea to establish a pneumonia model. After successful modeling， the rats were randomly divided into the model group， dexamethasone group （0.5 mg·kg^-1）， and Yifei Jianpi prescription high-dose （12 mg·kg^-1）， medium-dose （6 mg·kg^-1）， and low-dose （3 mg·kg^-1） groups， with 10 rats in each group. Treatment was administered once daily， and the normal control and model groups received the same volume of normal saline. After 14 days， flow cytometry was used to detect the classification of whole blood lymphocytes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure serum levels of immunoglobulin G （IgG）， immunoglobulin A （IgA）， immunoglobulin M （IgM）， and the content of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-8 （IL-8）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and interleukin-10 （IL-10） in alveolar lavage fluid （BALF）. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe lung tissue pathology and score the damage. Thymus weight， spleen weight， and wet-to-dry weight ratio （W/D） were recorded. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of STAT1， IRF3， IL-6， and interferon-alpha （IFN-α） in lung tissues， while Western blot was performed to assess the protein expression of STAT1， IRF3， IL-6， and IFN-α. ResultsCompared with the normal control group， the model group showed significantly increased proportion of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood， decreased proportions of NK cells and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ （P<0.05， P<0.01）， decreased serum levels of IgG and IgA， significantly increased IgM levels （P<0.01）， significantly elevated content of TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-8 in BALF， and significantly decreased IL-10 levels （P<0.01）. Lung tissue damage was evident， with significant increases in thymus and spleen weights and a higher W/D ratio （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression of STAT1， IRF3， IFN-α， and IL-6 in lung tissues was significantly upregulated （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Yifei Jianpi prescription groups showed significantly reduced proportions of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood， increased proportions of NK cells and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratios （P<0.05， P<0.01）， significantly increased serum levels of IgG and IgA， significantly decreased IgM levels （P<0.05， P<0.01）， significantly reduced levels of TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-8 in BALF， and significantly increased IL-10 levels （P<0.01）. Lung tissue damage was alleviated， thymus and spleen weights were significantly reduced， and the W/D ratio was markedly decreased （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression of STAT1， IRF3， IFN-α， and IL-6 in lung tissues was significantly downregulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionYifei Jianpi prescription can alleviate lung tissue damage and improve immune and inflammatory responses in LPS-induced pneumonia rats. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of STAT1/IRF3 signaling pathway activation.

The Expert Consensus on the Deployment of DeepSeek in Medical Institutions serves as a detailed guideline for the deployment of DeepSeek in medical institutions. It was developed by experts in the fields of healthcare， hospital management， medical information， health policy， law， and medical ethics from nearly 30 leading domestic medical and academic research institutions， based on relevant domestic and international laws and regulations as well as the practices of medical institutions. It aims to provide medical institutions with a scientific， standardized， and secure deployment guideline to ensure that the application of artificial intelligence （AI） technologies in healthcare， including but not limited to DeepSeek， conforms to the unique characteristics of the healthcare industry and effectively promotes the improvement of medical service levels. From the three aspects of pre-deployment evaluation， deployment implementation， and post-deployment management and monitoring， the key factors that medical institutions should consider when introducing DeepSeek were elaborated in detail， including medical demand compatibility， technical capabilities and infrastructure， legal and ethical risks， data preparation and management， model selection and optimization， system integration and training， performance monitoring and continuous optimization， risk management and emergency response， as well as compliance review and evaluation. This provides a comprehensive deployment framework for medical institutions to ensure the safety and effectiveness of technology applications.

Purpose To investigate the expression of Che-mokine(C-X-C Motif)receptor 5(CXCR5)and its clinico-pathological significance in classic Hodgkin lymphoma(CHL).Methods The expression of CXCR5 was assessed in 33 pa-tients by immunohistochemistry(IHC),and retrospectively ana-lyzed the expression and clinical significance of CXCR5 in the four subtypes of CHL.Meanwhile,10 cases of ALK-positive an-aplastic large cell lymphoma(ALCL)and 10 cases of ALK-neg-ative ALCL were collected as the control group.ResultsThere were 31 cases with CXCR5-positive in all 33 cases(93.94％),including 15/16(93.75％)in nodular sclerosis CHL,12/13(92.31％)in mixed cellularity CHL,2/2 in lymphocyte-rich CHL,and 2/2 in lymphocyte-depleted CHL.The positive ex-pressions of CXCR5 in different immunophenotypes of CHL were as follow,31/33(93.94％)in CD30 positive and PAX5 weakly positive CHL.12/14(85.71％)in CD15 negative CHL,24/26(92.31％)in CD20 negative CHL,10/11(90.91％)in EBER-negative CHL and 5/6 in LMP1-negative CHL.CXCR5 were not expressed in all 20 cases of ALCL.Conclusion The positive expression rate of CXCR5 in CHL is high.When the tumor cells are negative for CD15,LMP1 and CD20 or EBER,CXCR5 also has a high positive expression rate,which is helpful for the diagnosis of CHL.CXCR5 can be used to differentiate CHL from ALCL,especially the cases lacking typical morpholo-gy and immunohistochemistry.

【Objective】 To review the scientific research advances in the field of preschool children′s nutrition from 2012 to 2022, in order to provide reference for relevant policy formulation and further scientific exploration in this area. 【Methods】 High-quality literature published both domestically and internationally between 2012 and 2022 was retrieved through Web of Science (WOS) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database. Excel and CiteSpace software were applied to visualize the research hotspots and frontier trends. 【Results】 A total of 1 816 English articles and 110 Chinese articles were included in the analysis. The cooperation network density of research institutions and authors was found to be low. Excluding the search terms, the top three English keywords were vitamin A (0.74), intervention (0.67), obesity prevention (0.55); the top three Chinese keywords were "anemia" (0.41), "obesity" (0.38), and "nutritional status" (0.18). In Chinese and English clusters, "anemia" and "physical activity" ranked first, respectively. The latest burst words identified were "dietary pattern" and "diet quality". 【Conclusions】 The number of English literature published in the field of preschool children′s nutrition is increasing, but it has shown a downward trend in the past three years in China. There are few studies in this field in China. The research hotspots primarily focus on the nutritional status of preschool children, with less attention paid to intervention research and methodological exploration. Further research in the field of preschool children′s nutrition in China may need to focus on the external determinants of preschool children′s nutrition, such as parental education, diet and food supply.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have been widely used to treat neurological diseases.However,due to limitations of the blood-brain barrier,low survival rate and differentiation rate of stem cells at damaged sites,the therapeutic effect is limited. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Shexiang Huangqi compound dripping pills on proliferation,migration and astrocyte differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:Male SD rats were treated with Shexiang Huangqi compound dripping pills for 5 days after continuous gavage.Blood was collected from the abdominal aorta and serum was separated for later use.The effect of 5%,10%and 20%drug-containing serum on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was detected by CCK-8 assay.The effect of 10%drug-containing serum on lateral migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was observed by scratch test.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in Transwell cells.The effects of 10%drug-containing serum on longitudinal migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were observed by crystal violet staining and DAPI nuclear staining.Differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into astrocytes was observed by inducing solution with 10%drug-containing serum or co-culture with astrocytes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)10%and 20%drug-containing serum promoted cell proliferation more significantly on days 2 and 3,and there was no statistical difference between the two concentrations.(2)At 30 and 48 hours,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell migration in 10%drug-containing serum group was significantly higher than that in the control group.(3)The number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells filtered through Transwell cells in 10%drug-containing serum group was higher than that in the control group.(4)10%drug-containing serum might promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to astrocytes,but the differentiation effect was weak,and astrocytes might further promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into astrocytes induced by drug-containing serum.(5)The results exhibited that the 10%drug-containing serum could promote the proliferation and migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.Co-culture with astrocytes may promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells towards astrocytes.

BACKGROUND:As a dominant breed pig in southwest China,the southern Yunnan small-ear pig has been widely used as an experimental animal in the basic research of other disciplines,but there are still no reports on its application in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. OBJECTIVE:To establish a large animal model of the southern Yunnan small-ear pig with anterior cruciate ligament with autologous Achilles tendon was established. METHODS:Twenty adult female Yunnan small-ear pigs were equally randomized into two groups.In the autologous Achilles tendon group,the right knee anterior cruciate ligament was reconstructed with autologous Achilles tendon as a graft,while in the sham-operated group,a similar operation was performed on the right knee without any treatment of the anterior cruciate ligament.General conditions of each pig were observed and recorded before and 12 months after surgery.Ligaments and grafts were taken for gross observation and MAS scoring.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe morphological characteristics of ligaments.The staining and arrangement of type I and type Ⅲ collagen were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the type,size,diameter,ratio,and distribution of collagen fibers in ligaments. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:All animals had normal diet and activity,good wound healing,no obvious inflammatory reaction,no local purulent infection,and no significant changes in mental and urinary conditions compared with those before surgery.The reconstructed cruciate ligament of the knee was intact,with no stiffness and normal range of motion.Both the anterior drawer and Lachman tests were negative.Gross observation of the graft:12 months after surgery,the grafts was in good position,with good integrity,obvious tension,ligament color close to the original anterior cruciate ligament,and complete surface synovial coverage.Most of the intraarticular ligaments in the autologous Achilles tendon group were defined as MAS I type and a few were defined as MAS Ⅱ type.In the sham-operated group,the intraarticular ligament was defined as MAS I type.Hematoxylin-eosin staining indicated that,12 months after surgery,collagen fibers in the autologous Achilles tendon group began to appear bundled,isotropic,and uniformly arranged,with more obvious isotropic corrugations,and the nuclei were mainly linear or spindle-shaped,which were similar to those in normal anterior cruciate ligament tissue of the sham-operated group.Immunohistochemistry results indicated that,12 months after surgery,there was a higher expression of type I collagen and significantly less expression of type Ⅲ collagen in the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament in the autologous Achilles tendon group.The degree of type I and type Ⅲ staining was similar in the two groups.Under the transmission electron microscope,the diameter,arrangement and density of collagen fibers in the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament of the autologous Achilles tendon group were similar to those of the original anterior cruciate ligament at 12 months after surgery,indicating that the ligament remodeling process had been basically completed in the autologous Achilles tendon group at 12 months after surgery.Through a comprehensive evaluation of animal general conditions,ligament general view,MAS score,hematoxylin-eosin staining,immunohistochemistry,and transmission electron microscopy observation,we successfully established a large animal model of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using autogenous Achilles tendon in southern Yunnan small-ear pigs,with good morphological,histological and ultrastructural results.

BACKGROUND:Warm-needling moxibustion can effectively treat knee osteoarthritis.Degeneration,injury and fracture of the anterior cruciate ligament can affect the local stability of the knee joint,and then induce the formation of knee osteoarthritis.Whether warm-needling moxibustion can repair the injured cruciate ligament and the mechanism of action are still unclear. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of warm-needling moxibustion on the morphology of the anterior cruciate ligament and the expression of insulin growth factor-1 and transforming growth factor-β in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis and to clarify the mechanism of anterior cruciate ligament repair by warm-needling moxibustion. METHODS:Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into blank group,model group and warm-needling moxibustion group,with 10 rabbits in each group.Knee osteoarthritis model was established by plaster cast immobilization.The blank group was not intervened.Rabbits in the model group rabbits were fixed in a rabbit holder for 15 minutes every day.The warm-needling moxibustion group was treated with warm acupuncture,once a day,7 days as a course of treatment,a total of two courses.After treatment,the imaging changes of the anterior cruciate ligament were observed by MRI and MRI grading statistics were performed.Morphological changes of the anterior cruciate ligament were observed by transmission electron microscope and hematoxylin-eosin staining.mRNA and protein expressions of insulin growth factor-1 and transforming growth factor-β were detected by RT-PCR and western blot,respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:MRI examination:Compared with the blank control group,the anterior cruciate ligament in the model group was thickened,edematous,and partially torn,and the difference in grading statistics was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the anterior cruciate ligament in the warm-needling moxibustion group was slightly thickened,with mild edema and no tearing,and the difference in grading statistics was statistically significant(P＜0.05).General observation:In the model group,the surface of the anterior cruciate ligament was glossy and faded,with the edge being covered with flocculent periosteum and obvious tissue necrosis;in the warm-needling moxibustion group,the surface of the ligament was glossy,and the ligament was in a normal helical shape.Hematoxylin-eosin staining:In the model group,there was obvious tissue necrosis in the anterior cruciate ligament,a large number of new capillaries,loosely arranged fibroblasts and collagen fibers.In the warm-needling moxibustion group,there was a small amount of tissue necrosis and few new vessels in the anterior cruciate ligament,and the cells and collagen fibers were loosely and irregularly arranged.Transmission electron microscopy:In the model group,the fibers in the anterior cruciate ligament were arranged in a disordered way with uneven thickness and distribution,and there are more fibroblasts that were irregular in morphology;in the warm acupuncture group,the fibers were basically arranged longitudinally,with uneven thickness and distribution,and a small number of oval-shaped fibroblasts were observed.RT-PCR and western blot assay:mRNA and protein expressions of insulin growth factor-1 and transforming growth factor-β were significantly decreased in the model group compared with the blank control group(P＜0.05),but significant increased after treatment with warm-needling moxibustion(P＜0.05).To conclude,warm-needling moxibustion can alleviate anterior cruciate ligament injury and regulate the expression of insulin growth factor-1 and transforming growth factor-β to treat knee osteoarthritis.

[摘 要] 目的：探讨内吞作用相关基因FCHO2在各亚型乳腺癌中的表达及其与乳腺癌患者的预后和免疫细胞浸润的相关性。方法：应用免疫组化法和bc-GenExMiner v5.0数据库数据分析FCHO2在各亚型乳腺癌组织中的表达，通过GEO和TIMER数据库数据分析FCHO2与各亚型乳腺癌患者预后和免疫细胞浸润的关系，利用STRING和GEPIA数据库数据分析与FCHO2的互作蛋白网络和其与互作蛋白的相关性，通过UALCAN和DAVID数据库数据对乳腺癌组织中FCHO2表达相关基因进行KEGG和GO分析。结果：免疫组化法结果显示，FCHO2在管腔型和HER2+乳腺癌组织中均呈高表达（均P<0.05），且与HER2和Ki67表达有关联（P=0.03和P=0.007）。FCHO2高表达的管腔型乳腺癌患者总生存期（OS）和无复发生存期（RFS）均明显缩短（均P<0.05）。FCHO2蛋白与EPS15等多种蛋白表达相关且构成蛋白-蛋白互作网络。KEGG和GO分析显示，乳腺癌组织中FCHO2相关表达基因主要与昼夜节律、自噬等生物学过程有关，涉及叉头框蛋白O（FoxO）和TGF-β等信号通路。FCHO2表达与各亚型乳腺癌组织中的免疫细胞浸润相关（均P<0.05）。结论：FCHO2在管腔型、HER2+乳腺癌组织中呈高表达，且与管腔型乳腺癌患者预后及免疫细胞浸润相关，其可能成为乳腺癌治疗的潜在靶点。

[摘 要] 目的：探讨内吞作用相关基因FCHO2在各亚型乳腺癌中的表达及其与乳腺癌患者的预后和免疫细胞浸润的相关性。方法：应用免疫组化法和bc-GenExMiner v5.0数据库数据分析FCHO2在各亚型乳腺癌组织中的表达，通过GEO和TIMER数据库数据分析FCHO2与各亚型乳腺癌患者预后和免疫细胞浸润的关系，利用STRING和GEPIA数据库数据分析与FCHO2的互作蛋白网络和其与互作蛋白的相关性，通过UALCAN和DAVID数据库数据对乳腺癌组织中FCHO2表达相关基因进行KEGG和GO分析。结果：免疫组化法结果显示，FCHO2在管腔型和HER2+乳腺癌组织中均呈高表达（均P<0.05），且与HER2和Ki67表达有关联（P=0.03和P=0.007）。FCHO2高表达的管腔型乳腺癌患者总生存期（OS）和无复发生存期（RFS）均明显缩短（均P<0.05）。FCHO2蛋白与EPS15等多种蛋白表达相关且构成蛋白-蛋白互作网络。KEGG和GO分析显示，乳腺癌组织中FCHO2相关表达基因主要与昼夜节律、自噬等生物学过程有关，涉及叉头框蛋白O（FoxO）和TGF-β等信号通路。FCHO2表达与各亚型乳腺癌组织中的免疫细胞浸润相关（均P<0.05）。结论：FCHO2在管腔型、HER2+乳腺癌组织中呈高表达，且与管腔型乳腺癌患者预后及免疫细胞浸润相关，其可能成为乳腺癌治疗的潜在靶点。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the improvement effect and mechanism of triptolide （TP） on sciatica rats. METHODS Sciatica rat model was prepared and then randomly divided into model group （normal saline）， indomethacin group （positive control， 7.5 mg/kg）， TP low-dose and high-dose groups （TP-L group and TP-H group， 50， 100 μg/kg TP）， and high-dose TP+ stimulator of interferon gene （STING） activator group （TP-H+DMXAA group， 100 μg/kg TP+25 mg/kg DMXAA）， with 12 rats in each group. Another 12 unligated rats were selected as sham operation group （normal saline）. After 14 days of intraperitoneal administration， the paw mechanical withdrawal threshold （PWT） and paw withdrawal thermal latency （PWL） were detected； the pathological changes， morphology of sciatic nerve and the number of microglia in sciatic nerve were observed. The levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， mRNA and protein expression levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate- adenosine monophosphate synthase （cGAS） and STING in sciatic nerve were detected. RESULTS Compared with sham operation group， PWT and PWL of rats in model group were obviously reduced and shortened， the number of Nissl bodies was obviously decreased， while the number of microglia， sciatic neuropathology score， the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α， mRNA and protein expressions of cGAS and STING were obviously increased （P＜0.05）， and sciatic nerve injury was serious. Compared with model group， the changes of various indexes in indomethacin group， TP-L group and TP-H group were opposite to the above （P＜0.05）， and sciatic nerve injury was reduced. STING activator DMXAA weakened the inhibitory effect of TP on the activity of microglia and inflammatory response in sciatica rats （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS TP may reduce the activity of microglia and inflammatory response by down-regulating the cGAS/STING signaling pathway， thus alleviating sciatica in rats.