AIM:To observe the therapeutic efficacy of 25G+minimally invasive vitrectomy for retinal arterial macroaneurysm.METHODS:Totally 40 patients(40 eyes)who admitted to Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital from January 2021 to May 2024 and with vitreous hemorrhage or dense premacular hemorrhage in the macular area caused by retinal arterial macroaneurysm, underwent 25G+minimally invasive vitrectomy. Preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), complications, and special cases were analyzed.RESULTS: The general patient data aligned with previous literature reports. The postoperative BCVA was significantly improved(t=9.72, P<0.01), and no significant serious surgical complications were observed. Notably, intraoperative findings revealed secondary macular holes in 3 eyes, resulting in poor visual prognosis.CONCLUSION: For vitreous hemorrhage or dense premacular hemorrhage caused by retinal arterial macroaneurysm, 25G+ minimally invasive vitrectomy is a safe and effective treatment. Visual prognosis was excluded for secondary macular holes.

Objective:To identify a novel reassortant H3N2 avian influenza virus using nanopore sequencing technology and analyze its genetic characteristics.Methods:The positive samples of the H3N2 avian influenza virus, collected from the external environment in the farmers' market of Guangzhou, were cultured in chicken embryos. The whole genome was sequenced by targeted amplification and nanopore sequencing technology. The genetic characteristics were analyzed using bioinformatics software.Results:The phylogenetic trees showed that each gene fragment of the strain belonged to the Eurasian evolutionary branch, and the host source was of avian origin. The HA gene was closely related to the origin of the H3N6 virus. The NA gene was closely related to the H3N2 avian influenza virus from 2017 to 2020. The PB1 gene was closely related to the H5N6 avian influenza virus in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Fujian Province from 2016 to 2022 and was not related to the PB1 gene of the H5N6 avian influenza epidemic strain in Guangzhou. The other internal gene fragments had complex sources with significant genetic diversity. Molecular characteristics indicated that the strain exhibited the molecular characteristics of a typical low pathogenic avian influenza virus and tended to bind to the receptors of avian origin. On important protein sites related to biological characteristics, this strain had mutations of PB2-L89V, PB1-L473V, NP-A184K, M1-N30D/T215A, and NS1-P42S/N205S.Conclusions:This study identified a novel reassortant H3N2 avian influenza virus by nanopore sequencing, with the PB1 gene derived from the H5N6 avian influenza virus. The virus had a low ability to spread across species, but further exploration was needed to determine whether its pathogenicity to the host was affected.

Objective:To explore the use of differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)method to identify polypropyl-ene infusion bottles material.Methods:The thermal analysis curve under nitrogen was determined at temperatures between 40 ℃ and 200 ℃ with a heating rate of 20 ℃·min-1,then cooled to 40 ℃ at a rate of 20 ℃·min-1.The sample was heated from 40 ℃ to 200 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃·min-1,held the specimen at 200 ℃ for 10 min,then cooled to 40 ℃ at a rate of 10 ℃·min-1.Results:The melting peak temperature(Tm)of polypropyl-ene infusion bottles was between 145-150 ℃.Conclusion:The proposed method is accurate,sensitive,and sim-ple,and can be used for determination of polypropylene infusion bottles material,which can also provide reference for the standard improvement of polypropylene infusion bottles.

Objective:To establish a preparation method for dissolved matter test solution of polypropylene port for plastic infusion containers,and to provide a reference for a standard system for pharmaceutical packaging materials of this product.Methods:Determination for results of dissolved matter test solution by specific surface area method and mass method were compared and analyzed in pair.Results:There were differences in sample amount and con-tact area between the two methods,but the results of dissolved matter test solution were generally consistent.Paired sample Wilcoxon signed rank test and paired sample T-test were used in pH,readily oxidizable substances,and non-volatile substance which indicators are quantifiable.Results show that there were no significant differences between the test solution,with Cohen's d values of 0.153,0.218,and 0.296,respectively,which were small in magnitude.Conclusion:In the case of insignificant differences between the two sampling methods,for polypropyl-ene port for plastic infusion containers and other irregular products,it is recommended that the test solution is prepared by leaching by mass,that is,a leaching ratio of 0.2 g·mL-1 by mass or volume,with more reproducible results.This study provides a reference for the establishment of standard for polypropylene port for plastic infusion containers.

To monitor and analyze the molecular variation of the H3N2 influenza virus in Guangzhou during the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory samples of influenza-like cases from influenza monitoring sentinel hospitals were collected from influenza monitoring sentinel hospitals for virus isolation and whole genome sequencing. The results showed that during COVID-19, there was only one peak of H3N2 influenza in the second quarter of 2022 in Guangzhou (the positive rate was 52.23%), and the epidemic intensity and duration were both higher than those in 2019. The HA gene and NA gene of the epidemic strain in Guangzhou in 2022 belonged to the 3C.2a1b. 2a. 1a. 1 branch, which had a good antigenic site matching with the vaccine strain (A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020) from 2021 to 2022 and had no antigen drift. In 2022 strains, the variation of antigen determinant mainly occurred in the I48T of C region, while no variation occurred in the A, B, D, and E regions. The binding site of the HA protein receptor was consistent with the vaccine strain (A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020). Most of the strains in 2022 carried 13 glycosylation sites on the HA protein, but an outbreak of strains caused a loss of glycosylation sites at 24-NST. In conclusion, the strains that caused the epidemic of H3N2 influenza in Guangzhou in 2022 were not evolved or transmitted from the local strains in 2019 during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective To compare the efficacy of MRI-transrectal ultrasound(TRUS)software fusion-guided biopsy and cognitive fusion-guided biopsy for detecting prostate cancer(PC).Methods Data of 120 patients with suspected PC(127 lesions)who underwent transperineal prostate biopsy with 2-3 times of target biopsy(TB)and 10 times of system biopsy were retrospectively analyzed.According to TB guidance methods,73 cases(78 lesions)received MRI-TRUS software fusion-guided biopsy were classified into group A,and 47 cases(49 lesions)received cognitive fusion-guided biopsy were classified into group B.The positive rate of PC,clinic significant PC(csPC)and PC in different sized lesions by TB were compared between groups,and the positive rate of PC between 2 or 3 times TB was also compared within each group.Results The positive rate of PC and csPC detected by TB was 55.13%(43/78)and 39.74%(31/78)in group A,53.06%(26/49)and 34.69%(17/49)in group B,respectively,no significant difference was found(all P＞0.05).The positive rate of PC in lesions with the maximum diameter≤10 mm detected by TB in group A was higher than that in group B(P＜0.05),but no significant difference of lesions with the maximum diameter＞10 mm and＜15 mm nor≥15 mm was found between groups(all P＞0.05).No significant difference of positive rate of PC was found between 2 and 3 times TB in group A(P＞0.05),while positive rate of PC of 3 times TB was significantly higher than that of 2 times TB in group B(P＜0.05).Conclusion MRI-TRUS software fusion-guided biopsy had positive rate of PC and csPC similar to that of cognitive fusion-guided biopsy,but was helpful for reducing times of TB and increasing detecting rate for lesions with the maximum diameter≤10 mm.

To monitor and analyze the molecular variation of the H3N2 influenza virus in Guangzhou during the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory samples of influenza-like cases from influenza monitoring sentinel hospitals were collected from influenza monitoring sentinel hospitals for virus isolation and whole genome sequencing. The results showed that during COVID-19, there was only one peak of H3N2 influenza in the second quarter of 2022 in Guangzhou (the positive rate was 52.23%), and the epidemic intensity and duration were both higher than those in 2019. The HA gene and NA gene of the epidemic strain in Guangzhou in 2022 belonged to the 3C.2a1b. 2a. 1a. 1 branch, which had a good antigenic site matching with the vaccine strain (A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020) from 2021 to 2022 and had no antigen drift. In 2022 strains, the variation of antigen determinant mainly occurred in the I48T of C region, while no variation occurred in the A, B, D, and E regions. The binding site of the HA protein receptor was consistent with the vaccine strain (A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020). Most of the strains in 2022 carried 13 glycosylation sites on the HA protein, but an outbreak of strains caused a loss of glycosylation sites at 24-NST. In conclusion, the strains that caused the epidemic of H3N2 influenza in Guangzhou in 2022 were not evolved or transmitted from the local strains in 2019 during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the molecular pathogenesis of a Chinese pedigree affected with Hereditary coagulation factor Ⅺ (FⅪ) deficiency due to variants of the F11 gene. METHODS: A male proband with Hereditary coagulation factor Ⅺ deficiency who was admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University due to urinary calculi on November 30, 2020 and his family members (7 individuals from 3 generations in total) were selected as the study subjects. Clinical data of the proband were collected, and relevant coagulation indices of the proband and his family members were determined. Genomic DNA of peripheral blood samples was extracted for PCR amplification. All exons, flanking sequences, and 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the F11 gene of the proband were analyzed by direct sequencing. And the corresponding sites were subjected to sequencing in other family members. The conservation of amino acid variation sites was analyzed by bioinformatic software, and the effect of the variant on the protein function was analyzed. Variants were graded based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). RESULTS: The proband was a 36-year-old male. His activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was 89.2s, which was significantly prolonged. The FⅪ activity (FⅪ:C) and FⅪ antigen (FⅪ:Ag) were 2.0% and 3.5%, respectively, which were extremely reduced. Both the proband and his sister were found to harbor compound heterozygous variants of the F11 gene, including a c.689G>T (p.Cys230Phe) missense variant in exon 7 from their father and a c.1556G>A (p.Trp519*) nonsense variant in exon 13 from their mother. Conservation analysis indicated the Cys230 site to be highly conserved. The c.1556G>A (p.Trp519*) variant was known to be pathogenic, whilst the c.689G>T variant was classified as likely pathogenic (PM2+PM5+PP1+PP3+PP4) based on the ACMG guidelines. CONCLUSION The c.689G>T and c.1556G>A compound heterozygous variants of the F11 gene probably underlay the pathogenesis of FⅪ deficiency in this pedigree.
Adult ; Humans ; Male ; 3' Untranslated Regions ; East Asian People ; Factor XI/genetics* ; Factor XI Deficiency/genetics* ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Pedigree

Abstract Flood disasters are the common public health emergencies, mainly leading to environmental damage, water pollution, food pollution, vector breeding, infectious disease epidemic and other risk factors of sanitary and anti epidemic work. The guideline has been formulated with reference to the technical documents such as Guideline for Environmental Sanitation Disposal and Preventive Disinfection in Flooded Areas and Technical Proposal for Sanitary and Anti epidemic Measures after Flood Disasters, as well as the latest research progress at home and abroad. In order to guide the sanitary and anti epidemic measures in flooded areas, protect the health and safety of students and teachers and ensure the normal educational and teaching order, the guideline introduces the key measures that should be taken by schools, teachers and students in flood striken areas.

Objective:Exercise is a key way to control the blood glucose,which can improve blood lipids and blood pressure,reduce glycated hemoglobin levels,and increase insulin sensitivity.It is of great significance for maintaining blood glucose homeostasis.This study aims to explore the optimal exercise combinations suitable for diabetic patients,and to provide scientific and effective personalized exercise guidance for diabetic patients. Methods:The physical examination data and questionnaire results of were collected from the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.The study was involved in 3 867 diabetes from January,2020 to December,2021.The basic information and living habits were obtained through questionnaires.The fasting blood samples were collected to measure the levels of total cholesterol(TCh),triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and fasting blood glucose.Physical measurements included height,weight,waistline,hipline,and blood pressure.Categorical variables were tested using chi-square tests,and continuous variables were tested using non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test.Multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between exercise behaviors(frequency,duration,and intensity),years of exercise,diet habits,medicine,and fasting blood glucose.The relationship between different exercise behaviors and various indexes(BMI,blood pressure,blood lipids,blood glucose)was analyzed by multiple rising sun rose plots.The polar thermal diagram showed the relationship of exercise behaviors with the best expected effect. Results:Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there were significant differences in other indexes except LDL-C(P=0.681)among groups with different exercise behaviors(all P＜0.01).The multiple rising sun rose plots showed that diabetic patients who did moderate to high intensity exercise more than 5 times a week for more than 30 min each time had a healthier BMI,blood lipid levels,blood glucose levels,and blood pressure.Polar thermal diagram showed that low-intensity exercise once or twice a week requires 30 to 60 min or more of exercise to achieve the desired results.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that frequency(β=-0.208,95% CI-0.356 to-0.059,P=0.006),duration(β=-0.227,95% CI-0.387 to-0.066,P=0.006),intensity of exercise(β=-0.110,95% CI-0.218 to-0.002,P=0.046),diet habits(β=0.462,95% CI 0.295 to 0.556,P＜0.001)and medicine(β=-0.520,95% CI-0.720 to-0.312,P＜0.001)were correlated with fasting blood glucose. Conclusion:Moderate to high intensity exercise for more than 30 min and 5 times a week is the most beneficial combination for diabetes.Low exercise intensity should be combined with higher exercise frequency and longer exercise time to achieve the desired effect.With the increase of exercise intensity,the relationship between low exercise frequency and long exercise time is weakened.