Objective To grasp the main environmental factors affecting the growth of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao;To predict the distribution of suitable areas of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Shanxi Province;To provide references for the rational distribution of the resources in Shanxi Province.Methods This study utilized the sample point longitude and latitude information collected in the"Fourth Survey of Chinese Materia Medica Resources"database in Shanxi Province.The data were supplemented by searching the China Digital Herbarium and retrieving related literature records.347 sample points distribution data and environmental factors were added to the MaxEnt model.The main environmental factors and contribution rates affecting the geographical distribution of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao were screened out.The ArcGIS software was used to divide the ecological suitable area of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Shanxi Province.Results The area under the ROC curve of the established MaxEnt model was 0.909,indicating that the model prediction results were accurate.The model screened 19 environmental factors.Among them,climate factor was the most important environmental factor,followed by biological factor and topographic factor,and soil factor had the least influence.The potential suitable areas of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Shanxi Province were mainly distributed in the northern mountainous areas,presenting a trend of gradually decreasing suitability levels from north to south.Under the current climate conditions,the most suitable area for Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Shanxi Province was 15 424 km2,the suitable area was 19 856 km2,the sub suitable area was 59 436 km2,and the unsuitable area was 61 894 km2.Conclusion Based on MaxEnt model and ArcGIS software,this study predicts the distribution of suitable areas of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Shanxi Province,which has certain reference value for the protection and rational distribution of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao resources in Shanxi Province.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between inherited protein S deficiency (PSD) and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) by phenotype and gene mutation analysis of 2 inherited PSD pedigrees with nonsense mutations.Methods:Retrospective analysis of clinical and imaging data of 2 patients diagnosed with CVST who were treated in the Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in July and October 2023 was carried out. The peripheral blood samples were collected from proband 1 and her family members (3 subjects, 2 generations in total), and proband 2 and his family members (8 subjects of 3 generations in total). Their protein S (PS) activity (PS:A), the content of total PS antigen (TPS:Ag) and free PS antigen (FPS:Ag) were measured for definite diagnosis. Polymerase chain reaction was done in all 15 exons of the active PROS1 gene and its 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions and the amplification products were analyzed by direct sequencing. The results were compared with human PROS1 reference sequences, using Chromas software to find the mutation sites. Results:The proband 1 is a female, and the proband 2 is a male. Both of them had young onset and the clinical presentation of CVST. The PS:A level was reduced to 29% in the proband 1 and reduced to about 35% in her mother; PS:A was reduced to 21%-27% in the proband 2 and his 6 family members; a decline in the same proportion of TPS:Ag and FPS:Ag was found in the 2 probands and their family members, therefore they were primarily diagnosed as typeⅠPSD. Gene analysis showed that the proband 1 and her mother had a nonsense mutation of c.1680T>A in exon 14 (p.Tyr560 *) of the PROS1 gene; the proband 2 and his 6 family members had a nonsense mutation of c.1687C>T in exon 14 (p.Gln563 *) of the PROS1 gene. Conclusion:The reduced protein S levels in PSD patients and their family members may be associated with the p.Tyr560 * and p.Gln563 * nonsense mutations of the PROS1 gene, and the clinical manifestations of CVST in PSD patients may be related to these 2 nonsense mutations.

OBJECTIVE To establish a method for the content determination of patulin in Citri Grandis Exocarpium. METHODS High-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer（HPLC-MS/MS）was used for the analysis. After water-soluble dispersion and pectinase enzymolysis， the Citri Grandis Exocarpium sample was extracted by acetonitrile with high-speed homogenated. The extracted solution was conducted dispersive solid phase extraction by mixing powder of MgSO4 and NaAC （4∶1，m/m），then purified on SHIMSEN 228 solid phase purification column. Water acetonitrile was used as mobile phase， and the Shim-pack XR-ODS column was used to separate the target compound. And it was detected by electrospray ionization in the negative mode under multiple reaction monitoring， and quantified by the external standard method with matrix- matched standard correction curves. RESULTS Patulin showed good linear correlation in the concentration from 5 to 200 ng/mL （r＝0.999 6）. RSDs of precision， reproducibility and stability tests （12 h） were all lower than 6％. The average recoveries at low， medium， high concentrations were 83.9%， 92.08%， 92.21%， respectively （RSDs were 11.09%， 5.53%， 1.75%， respectively）. The limit of quantitation was 6 μg/kg and limit of detection was 3 μg/kg. Patulin was not detected in 20 batches of samples. CONCLUSIONS Established method can be used for the rapid detection and accurate quantification of patulin in Citri Grandis Exocarpium， which can provide experimental basis and method for safety study and quality control of Citri Grandis Exocarpium.

Objective:To construct an evaluation index system for the elderly stressors, so as to provide a basis for comprehensive and effective stressor assessments for the elderly.Methods:With the bio-psycho-social medicine model as the theoretical guide, the first draft of the evaluation index system for the elderly stressors was drawn up through the literature analysis and the semi-structured interview. The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of expert consultations to 13 experts. The analytic hierarchy process was used to determine all levels of indicators and their weights.Results:In two rounds of expert consultations, the expert positive coefficients were 86.67% and 100.00% respectively, and the authority coefficients were both 0.889, and the Kendall coordination coefficients were 0.339 and 0.361 respectively ( P<0.05) . The evaluation index system for the elderly stressors included 4 first-level indicators, 12 second-level indicators and 65 third-level indicators. Conclusions:The evaluation index system for the elderly stressors based on the Delphi method is scientific and practical, and can provide a unified standard for the evaluation of the elderly stressors.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Blang ethnic adults in Menghai county. Methods A cross-sectional survey including 3 365 Blang ethnic adults (aged 18 and above from 5 administrative villages) was conducted from February 2017 to March 2017 in Menghai county. A questionnaire, physical examination, and blood assays were included in the survey. Finally,a total of 3 237 adults with complete data were selected into this analysis. Results The standardized prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in Blang ethnic adults were estimated based on the sixth national census in 2010. According to the 1999 WHO criteria, the overall standardized prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes were 8.5% (men: 10.2%, women: 6.8%) and 16.1% (men: 18.0%, women: 14.1%), in which the standardized prevalence of newly diagnosed diabetes among the total population was 7.3% (men: 8.7%, women: 5.8%). Multivariable multinominal logistic regression analyses showed that age, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and central obesity were significantly positively associated with both diabetes and prediabetes, with the corresponding odds ratios of 1.74 and 1.37, 2.39 and 2.02, 2.30 and 1.34, 2.55 and 1.73, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes is relatively high in Blang ethnic adults in Menghai county. Improving knowledge of diabetes among the local population is one of key steps in the prevention of diabetes.

Objective To study the urinary arsenic safety guideline value of a population for evaluating the arsenic exposure level in a certain population and providing evidence for the implementation of prevention and control measures in endemic arsenicosis area.Methods According to the data from the national high-arsenic drinking water sources screening in endemic arsenicosis area of drinking water type and quality supervision and inspection for water-improving project to decrease arsenic from 2005 to 2014,census data on arsenic poisoning in endemic arsenicosis area,data on surveillance of endemic arsenicosis,10 722 people with detailed personal information,complete water arsenic exposure data and accurate urinary arsenic detection data were selected to be the research objects.The relationship between urinary arsenic and water arsenic was analyzed based on the surveillance data of 4 501 people from 2013 to 2014.The safety guidance value of urinary arsenic was determined based on the geometric mean value of urinary arsenic in people exposed to water arsenic in the range of (0.050 ± 0.005) mg/L,and verified using the data of 6 221 people from 2005 to 2012.Every time,a random sample of 2 000 people was taken as the verification sample,the sensitivity and specificity of the index for determining whether water arsenic exposure exceeded the standard were determined by area under the ROC curve (AUC),and a total of 10 sample tests was performed.Results When the water arsenic concentration was less than 0.01 mg/L,the correlation coefficient of water arsenic concentration with urinary arsenic concentration was 0.097 (P ＜ 0.01);when the water arsenic concentration was more than 0.01 mg/L and less than 0.05 mg/L,the correlation coefficient of arsenic concentration with water arsenic concentration was 0.456 (P ＜ 0.01);when the water arsenic concentration was more than 0.05 mg/L,the correlation coefficient of water arsenic concentration with urinary arsenic concentration was 0.630 (P ＜ 0.01).With increase of water arsenic concentration,the concentration of urinary arsenic increased significantly,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =2 337.956,P ＜ 0.01).When water arsenic concentration was in the range of (0.050 ± 0.005) mg/L,the urinary arsenic geometric mean was 0.032 mg/L.AUC analysis of 10 random samples of 2 000 people showed that the geometric mean of urinary arsenic was 0.032 mg/L in the population,which can accurately distinguish whether the water arsenic level exceeded 0.05 mg/L,and the AUC value was higher than 0.94.And the sensitivity and specificity were achieved 0.898 and 0.844.Conclusions The geometric mean of urinary arsenic is 0.032 mg/L,which can be used as a safety guideline value for urinary arsenic in the population.When the geometric mean of urinary arsenic exceeds this value,the population may be exposed to high arsenic.

Objective: To investigate effects of personal innovation behaviors, self-efficacy and colleague solidarity of nurses on career success, and to provide the basis for career planning and management of clinical nurses. Methods: A total of 441 registered nurses from eight grade three and first-class hospitals in Tianjin were measured with personal innovation behaviors scale, self-efficacy scale, colleague solidarity of nurses' scale and career success scale. Results: The total score of personal innovation behavior was (21.58±4.81). The total score of self-efficacy was (27.68±6.53). The total score of colleague solidarity of nurses was (95.12±9.42). The total score of career success was (35.75±9.27). The personal innovation behaviors, self-efficacy, colleague solidarity of nurses career success and each dimension showed positive correlation(r=0.115-0.915, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that innovation behaviors, self-efficacy and academic solidarity entered career success regression equation(β=0.090-0.554, P<0.05), and explained 49.7% of the total variation.Path analysis model showed innovative behavior, self-efficacy and colleague solidarity of nurses were positively predictive of career success, and the path coefficients were 0.62, 0.18 and 0.12.Hierarchical regression analysis showed both self-efficacy and colleague solidarity of nurses played mediating roles between innovative behavior and career success(β=0.207-0.104, P<0.05). Conclusion Hospital managers should take measures to improve nurses' innovative behavior, self-efficacy and colleague solidarity of nurses to promote their career success.

Objective: To investigation HER2 status in gastric adenocarcinoma of Chinese and contributing factors to the HER2 expression. Methods: HER2 status of 40 842 gastric adenocarcinomas and clinical data were retrospectively collected from 23 hospitals dated from 2013 to 2016. The association between HER2 positivity and clinicopathologic features was analyzed. Results: Of the 40 842 patients the median age was 62 years, the male female ratio was 2.6∶1.0. The rate of HER2 positivity was 8.8% (3 577/40 842). HER2 expression was related to the tissue type, tumor location, Lauren classification and tumor differentiation (P values: 0.009, 0.001, <0.01 and <0.01, respectively). Different HER2 expression status was observed between primary and recurrent tumors in 7.6% (48/635) cases. The rates of HER2 positivity ranged from 2% to 10% among different institutions. The rates of HER2 FISH amplification were dramatically different among the 23 hospitals (0-100%) with an average rate of 10% (810/8 156) in patients with HER2 IHC 2+ . Conclusions HER2 expression is associated with clinicopathologic characteristics. HER2 re-assessment of tumor tissue and use of in situ hybridization techniques increase HER2 positivity. The current retrospective study should reflect the HER2 status in gastric adenocarcinoma of Chinese patients.