Objective To investigate the effects of linoleic acid(LA)on the diversity and structure of intestinal flora in mice.Methods Twelve SPF grade male C57BL/6J mice at 7 weeks were randomly divided into control group(CTRL group)and linoleic acid group(LA group).One day before the linoleic acid diet was supplemented,the normal food was removed from the LA group and the mice in the LA group were fasted for one night,so that the LA diet was more acceptable to the mice in the LA group,and LA was given on the day of the experiment recording,and the feed was updated at any time to ensure that the mice could eat freely until the end of modeling.After 12 weeks of modeling,mouse feces were collected,and mixed samples were collected for every two mice feces,and then 16sRNA high-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze intestinal flora structure,Alpha and Beta diversity.Results 16sRNA high-throughput sequencing showed that LA intervention damaged the richness and diversity of intestinal flora.The results of principal component analysis showed that the composition of flora in CTRL group was different from that in LA group.At gate level,the relative abundance of Actinobacteria in LA group increased(P＜0.01).At the genus level,the relative abundance of L.Duchennei in the LA group decreased(P＜0.05),but the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium,Faecalibaculum and Erysipelotrichaceae in the LA group increased(all P＜0.01).Conclusion LA intervention could reduce the richness and diversity of intestinal flora in mice,and adjust the structure of intestinal flora.There were significant differences between beneficial bacteria and pathogenic bacte-ria in intestinal flora after LA intervention,which provided certain basis for the treatment of bioactive compounds of linoleic acid and the therapeutic adjustment of intestinal microorganisms as targets.

Objectives The combined use of bedaquiline and delamanid(BDQ-DLM)is limited by an increased risk of prolonging the QTc interval.We retrospectively evaluated patients who received DLM/BDQ-containing regimens at a TB-specialized hospital.We aimed to present clinical efficacy and safety data for Chinese patients. Methods This case-control study included patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)treated with BDQ alone or BDQ plus DLM. Results A total of 96 patients were included in this analysis:64 in the BDQ group and 32 in the BDQ+DLM group.Among the 96 patients with positive sputum culture at the initiation of BDQ alone or BDQ combined with DLM,46 patients(71.9%)in the BDQ group and 29(90.6%)in the BDQ-DLM group achieved sputum culture conversion during treatment.The rate of sputum culture conversion did not differ between the two groups.The time to sputum culture conversion was significantly shorter in the BDQ-DLM group than in the BDQ group.The most frequent adverse event was QTc interval prolongation;however,the frequency of adverse events did not differ between the groups. Conclusion In conclusion,our results demonstrate that the combined use of BDQ and DLM is efficacious and tolerable in Chinese patients infected with MDR-TB.Patients in the BDQ-DLM group achieved sputum culture conversion sooner than those in the BDQ group.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Liushen Wan (LSW) against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) by network pharmacology. METHODS: TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, CNKI, PubMed, Genecards, OMIM, and TTD databases were used to obtain the related targets of LSW and CAC. The common targets of LSW and CAC were obtained using Venny online website. The PPI network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.8.2 to screen the core targets of LSW in the treatment of CAC. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were conducted using DAVID database. The therapeutic effect of LSW on CAC was evaluated in a C57BL/6J mouse model of AOM/DSS-induced CAC by observing the changes in body weight, disease activity index, colon length, and size and number of the tumor. HE staining and RT-qPCR were used to analyze the effect of LSW on inflammatory mediators. Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL staining were used to evaluate the effect of LSW on the proliferation and apoptosis of AOM/DSS-treated colon tumor cells. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect the effects of LSW on the expression of TLR4 proteins in CAC mice. RESULTS: Network pharmacology analysis identified 69 common targets of LSW and CAC, and 33 hub targets were screened in the PPI network. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the effect of LSW on CAC was mediated by the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. In the mouse model of AOM/DSS-induced CAC, LSW significantly inhibited colitis-associated tumorigenesis, reduced tumor number and tumor load (P < 0.05), obviously improved histopathological changes in the colon, downregulated the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and inhibited the proliferation (P < 0.01) and promoted apoptosis of colon tumor cells (P < 0.001). LSW also significantly decreased TLR4 protein expression in the colon tissue (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION LSW can inhibit CAC in mice possibly by regulating the expression of TLR4 to reduce intestinal inflammation, inhibit colon tumor cell proliferation and promote their apoptosis.
Mice ; Animals ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; Colitis-Associated Neoplasms ; Network Pharmacology ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Colonic Neoplasms/pathology*

Objective:To translate the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment of voice scale（URICA-Voice） into Chinese and test its reliability and validity. Methods:The URICA-Voice scale was converted into Chinese by literal translation, cultural adjustment, expert consultation, pre-investigation, and back translation. Convenience sampling was used to recruit patients at four speech therapy centers from February to May 2022. Then the Chinese version of the scale was distributed to them, and the reliability and validity of the scale were tested after data collection. Cronbach ɑ was used to evaluate the reliability. The critical ratio method and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for item analysis. Item-level content validity, scale-level content validity, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to test the validity of the scale. Results:A total of 247 valid questionnaires were collected. ①Item analysis: the critical ratios between a high-score and low-score groups of 32 items were all statistically significant（P<0.01） and all the critical ratios were above 3.00. The Pearson correlation between 32 items and the total score was significant（P<0.01）. ②Validity analysis: I-CVI=1.00, S-CVI/Ave=1.00, χ²/df=2.30, RMSEA=0.07. Except for item 9 and 23, the standardized factor loading coefficients of other items were all above 0.50. AVE of the four dimensions of the scale was all above 0.50, and the combined reliability of the four dimensions was all above 0.70. The correlation coefficients between dimensions were less than the square root of the AVE of the dimension itself. ③Reliability analysis: the Cronbach ɑ of the whole scale was 0.94, and the Cronbach ɑ of the four dimensions were 0.88, 0.92, 0.94, and 0.88 respectively. Conclusion:The Chinese version of URICA-Voice has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a specific measurement tool for evaluating the compliance of voice training in China.
Humans ; China ; Language ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Voice

Objective:To report embryonic testicular regression syndrome(ETRS) caused by DHX37 heterozygous variant for the first time in China and summarize the clinical manifestations of ETRS as to improve the understanding of doctors for this disease.Methods:The clinical data and whole exome sequencing results of five cases of ETRS from Shenzhen Children′s Hospital were collected. The reported cases of DHX37 heterozygous variant were reviewed.Results:Five patients with ETRS visited the doctors at the age of 2 months to 5 years and 5 months. Three patients raised as males came to hospital due to virilition and 2 female patients visited a doctor due to clitoral hypertrophy. No uterus was detected by ultrasound in all patients. The gonadal pathologies from 4 cases displayed no testicular tissue or gonadal dysgenesis, complicated with gonadoblastoma in one case. The genetic testing revealed that the heterozygous variant(c.923G>A, p. R308Q) in DHX37 was found in 2 cases, without variant in other 3 cases. According to the review, ETRS and 46, XY gonadal dysgenesis due to DHX37 herozygous variant was firstly reported in 2019. A total of 40 cases, including 21 cases of ETRS, presented with the virilition or female phenotype, with the disappearance of testicular tissue as the main pathologies. There is no report in China.Conclusion:The article summarized the clinical manifestations and whole exome sequencing results of 5 patients with ETRS, among which two cases were caused by DHX37 variants and one was complicated with gonadoblastoma.

Teaching in experiments of biology is important for the cultivation of life science talents. In view of the rapid development of life science and the increasing demand for research-oriented talent training, teaching in experiments of biology should set up a variety of learning outcomes: to train experimental skill, to cultivate students' experimental design and operation abilities, and to improve students' scientific thinking and innovative consciousness. We have carried out an educational reform on experimental genetic engineering blended course. In this paper, we introduced our methods of organizing online materials, the curriculum design of the blended course, the implementation details, and a preliminary analysis of teaching effects. We found that experimental genetic engineering blended course could support students' active learning and a learning-centered teaching model. Moreover, it could facilitate students' achievement of improving experimental skills, cultivating a rigorous scientific attitude, professional research quality and academic innovation ability.
Biological Science Disciplines ; Curriculum ; Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; Students

Objective: To understand the characteristics of sports load intensity of junior middle school physical education, and its relation with students’ physical fitness, and to provide suggestions for scientific arrangement of sports load of physical education. Methods: A total of 88 students from three grades in a middle school in Guangzhou were randomly selected. Polar heart rate tester was used to monitor the students’ heart rates during class, and physical fitness test was conducted on the students to obtain their physical fitness scores. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and one-way analysis of variance were used to process the data. Results: From the static characteristics, in junior high school physical education class, the mean of the lowest heart rate was 86.94 times/min, the mean of the average heart rate was 142.55 times/min, the mean of the maximum heart rate was 192.66 times/min, the average heart rate of junior grade one students was significantly lower than that of junior two students and junior three students (F=3.64，P<0.05). There was no significant difference in average heart rate between boys and girls (F=0.83，P>0.05); In terms of dynamic characteristics, heart rates at 3 and 31 minutes were significantly lower than those at 10, 17 and 24 minutes (F=13.87，P<0.01),in each part of junior high school physical education class, there were significant differences between grades, specifically, the heart rate of junior students was significantly lower than that of senior students (F=9.85，P<0.01); In terms of the correlation between exercise intensity and physical fitness, there was a significant negative correlation between the lowest heart rate, average heart rate, maximum heart rate and physical fitness(r=-0.34，-0.32，-0.29，P<0.01). Conclusion The physical activity intensity of junior middle school students is moderate and the average heart rate is within the range stipulated by "Chinese healthy physical education curriculum model".

Objective To observe the clinical effect of drug moxibustion in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods A total of 90 patients with acute myocardial infarction in Taihe Hospital emergency department were randomly divided into the control group (n=30) and the treatment group (n=90).The patients in the control group were treated with routine western medicine, while treatment group was treated with drug moxibustion on the basis of the control group treatment. Both groups were treated for 6 weeks.The pulmonary function was assessed, and the clinical effect was evaluated.Results The total effective rate was 86.7% (52/60) in the treatment group and 70.0% (21/30) in the control group. The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (χ2=6.059,P=0.048). After treatment, the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (1.07 ± 0.3l L vs. 1.05 ± 0.41 L,t=15.272) in the treatment group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01).Conclusions The drug-separated moxibustion can improve the curative effect and improve the lung function of patients with stable COPD.

Objective To compare the safety,efficacy and complications of laparoscopic pyelolithotomy (LPL) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for treatment of renal pelvic stones larger than 2.5 cm.Methods From 2011 to 2016,32 patients underwent LPL and another 32 patients received PCNL for renal pelvic stones larger than 2.5 cm.The baseline characteristics of the patients,stone size,mean operative time,estimated blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,stone-free rate,postoperative analgesia,blood transfusion,and the intraoperative,early postoperative and long-term complications were compared between the two groups.Results The baseline characteristics and stone size were comparable between the two groups.The mean operative time of LPL and PCNL was 117±23.12 and 118.16±25.45 min,respectively (P＞0.05).The two groups showed significant differences in the mean estimated blood loss (63±11.25 vs 122±27.78 mL,P＜0.01) and blood transfusion rate (0 vs 6.2％,P＜0.01) but not in postoperative hospital stay (4.5±1.34 vs 4.8±2.2 days,P＞0.05),stone-free rate (93.1％ vs 87.5％,P＞0.05) or the postoperative analgesia time (1.7± 0.5 and 1.9 ± 0.6 days,P＞0.05).The incidence of intraoperative complications were significant lower in LPL group than in PCNL group (6.2％ vs 25.0％,P＜0.01),but the incidences of early postoperative complications (25.0％ vs 34.4％,P＞0.05) and long-term postoperative complications (9.4％ vs 12.5％,P＞0.05) were sinilar between them.Conclusion PCNL is the standard treatment for pelvic stones larger than 2.5 cm,but for urologists experienced with laparoscopic technique,LPL provides a feasible and safe option for management of such cases.

Objective To compare the safety,efficacy and complications of laparoscopic pyelolithotomy (LPL) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for treatment of renal pelvic stones larger than 2.5 cm.Methods From 2011 to 2016,32 patients underwent LPL and another 32 patients received PCNL for renal pelvic stones larger than 2.5 cm.The baseline characteristics of the patients,stone size,mean operative time,estimated blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,stone-free rate,postoperative analgesia,blood transfusion,and the intraoperative,early postoperative and long-term complications were compared between the two groups.Results The baseline characteristics and stone size were comparable between the two groups.The mean operative time of LPL and PCNL was 117±23.12 and 118.16±25.45 min,respectively (P＞0.05).The two groups showed significant differences in the mean estimated blood loss (63±11.25 vs 122±27.78 mL,P＜0.01) and blood transfusion rate (0 vs 6.2％,P＜0.01) but not in postoperative hospital stay (4.5±1.34 vs 4.8±2.2 days,P＞0.05),stone-free rate (93.1％ vs 87.5％,P＞0.05) or the postoperative analgesia time (1.7± 0.5 and 1.9 ± 0.6 days,P＞0.05).The incidence of intraoperative complications were significant lower in LPL group than in PCNL group (6.2％ vs 25.0％,P＜0.01),but the incidences of early postoperative complications (25.0％ vs 34.4％,P＞0.05) and long-term postoperative complications (9.4％ vs 12.5％,P＞0.05) were sinilar between them.Conclusion PCNL is the standard treatment for pelvic stones larger than 2.5 cm,but for urologists experienced with laparoscopic technique,LPL provides a feasible and safe option for management of such cases.