Objective:To explore the potential relationship between sugar metabolism,acid production and cariogenicity of Prevotella denticola.Methods:Morphological features of Prevotella denticola were observed and respectively cultured under incubation conditions with and without sugar and at different pH values.The growth characteristics of Prevotella denticola were detected by UV-Vis spectro-photometer and pH meter,the organic acid content in the culture supernatants of the cultures was detected by HPLC.Dentin slices were divided into control group,phosphoric acid group and the Prevotella denticola group and cultured in the corresponding mediu for 1 and 2 weeks respectively,the degree of demineralization of the samples was examined SEM and VHM.Results:Prevotella denticola fermen-ted sucrose and glucose,produced acids with its final pH values as low as 4.7,Succinic acid and acetic acid were its main metabolites.Prevotella denticola was moderately acid-tolerant.Furthermore,Prevotella denticola was able to cause dentin demineralization,and the Vickers hardness value of dentin samples in the Prevotella denticola group was significantly decreased compared with the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The cariogenic capacity of Prevotella denticola may be related to its sugar metabolism and acid production.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze the bacteria in dental caries and establish an optimized dental-ca-ries diagnosis model based on 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) data of oral flora. METHODS: We searched the public databa-ses of microbiomes including NCBI, MG-RAST, EMBL-EBI, and QIITA and collected data involved in the relevant research on human oral microbiomes worldwide. The samples in the caries dataset (1 703) were compared with healthy ones (20 540) by using the microbial search engine (MSE) to obtain the microbiome novelty score (MNS) and construct a caries diagnosis model based on this index. Nonparametric multivariate ANOVA was used to analyze and compare the impact of different host factors on the oral flora MNS, and the model was optimized by controlling related factors. Finally, the effect of the model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: 1) The oral microbiota distribution obviously differed among people with various oral-health statuses, and the species richness and species diversity index decreased. 2) ROC curve was used to evaluate the caries data set, and the area under ROC curve was AUC=0.67. 3) Among the five hosts' factors including caries status, country, age, decayed missing filled tooth (DMFT) indices, and sampling site displayed the strongest effect on MNS of samples (P=0.001). 4) The AUC of the model was 0.87, 0.74, 0.74, and 0.75 in high caries, medium caries, low caries samples in Chinese children, and mixed dental plaque samples after controlling host factors, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The model based on the analysis of 16S rRNA data of oral flora had good diagnostic efficiency.
Humans ; Child ; Bacteria/genetics* ; Dental Caries/microbiology* ; Dental Caries Susceptibility ; Microbiota/genetics* ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Detailed characterizations of genomic alterations have not identified subtype-specific vulnerabilities in adult gliomas. Mapping gliomas into developmental programs may uncover new vulnerabilities that are not strictly related to genomic alterations. After identifying conserved gene modules co-expressed with EGFR or PDGFRA (EM or PM), we recently proposed an EM/PM classification scheme for adult gliomas in a histological subtype- and grade-independent manner. By using cohorts of bulk samples, paired primary and recurrent samples, multi-region samples from the same glioma, single-cell RNA-seq samples, and clinical samples, we here demonstrate the temporal and spatial stability of the EM and PM subtypes. The EM and PM subtypes, which progress in a subtype-specific mode, are robustly maintained in paired longitudinal samples. Elevated activities of cell proliferation, genomic instability and microenvironment, rather than subtype switching, mark recurrent gliomas. Within individual gliomas, the EM/PM subtype was preserved across regions and single cells. Malignant cells in the EM and PM gliomas were correlated to neural stem cell and oligodendrocyte progenitor cell compartment, respectively. Thus, while genetic makeup may change during progression and/or within different tumor areas, adult gliomas evolve within a neurodevelopmental framework of the EM and PM molecular subtypes. The dysregulated developmental pathways embedded in these molecular subtypes may contain subtype-specific vulnerabilities.
Humans ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology* ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/metabolism* ; Glioma/pathology* ; Neural Stem Cells/pathology* ; Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells/pathology* ; Tumor Microenvironment

Objective:This study investigated the changes of cortical thickness in patients with Parkinson's cognitive dysfunction.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, general clinical data and head magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from Parkinson's disease(PD)patients and healthy controls who were hospitalized or outpatient in the Department of Geriatric Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2019 to December 2020.We observed the changes of cortical thickness in each group, and analyzed the correlation between cortical thickness and cognitive dysfunction in PD.Results:Compared with PD normal cognitive group, the cortical thickness of the left superiortemporal gyrus[(2.7±0.1)mm, (2.4±0.1)mm, t=-4.194], left supramarginal[(2.4±0.1)mm, (2.2±0.1)mm, t=-4.845], right insula[(3.0±0.1)mm, (2.7±0.1)mm, t=-4.170], left parahippocampal[(2.8±0.3)mm, (2.4±0.3)mm, t=-4.164]decreased in PD cognitive impairment group(all P<0.05), and cortical thickness of the right parsorbitalis[(2.5±0.2)mm, (2.4±0.2)mm, t=-4.226], left entorhinal[(3.5±0.3)mm, (3.1±0.4)mm, t=-4.583], left inferiortemporal[(2.7±0.2)mm, (2.5±0.1)mm, t=-6.229], left supramarginal[(2.4±0.1)mm, (2.1±0.1)mm, t=-3.236], right fusiform[(2.8±0.1)mm, (2.5±0.1)mm, t=-5.364], right lingual[(2.0±0.1)mm, (1.9±0.1)mm, t=-3.887], right insula[(3.0±0.1)mm, (2.7±0.2)mm, t=-5.326], right isthmuscingulate[(2.6±0.2)mm, (2.3±0.2)mm, t=-3.743]decreased in PD severe cognitive impairment group, the statistical difference was significant(all P<0.05). The cerebral cortex thickness was positively correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination and different cognitive areas, and negatively correlated with Hoehn-Yahrr grading. Conclusions:Local cortical thinning was observed in PD patients with cognitive impairment, whereas cortical involvement was more extensive in PD patients with severe cognitive impairment.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of frailty in elderly patients with stage 3-5 non-dialysis chronic kidney disease(ND-CKD)and to analyze its related factors.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Patients ≥65 years old with stage 3-5 CKD who had never undergone dialysis in the nephrology department and the internal medicine department of our hospital between October 2017 to September 2018 were enrolled.Patients were divided into the non-frail group and the frail group according to the Fried frailty phenotype.Clinical data and laboratory results were collected and comprehensive geriatric assessment was carried out to evaluate participants' medication, comorbidities, daily living ability, nutritional status, depression, cognitive and physical performance.The relevant factors for frailty were analyzed.Results:A total of 193 elderly patients with stage 3-5 ND-CKD were enrolled, 106 male and 87 female, including 68 outpatients and 125 inpatients, with a median age of 79.00(73.00, 85.00)years.There were 143 frailty patients(74.1%), including 41 outpatients and 102 inpatients, accounting for 60.3% and 81.6% of the eligible outpatients and inpatients respectively.Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that CKD stage( OR=9.74, 95% CI: 1.12-84.54)and polypharmacy( OR=3.69, 95% CI: 1.09-12.42)were associated with frailty in outpatients, and CKD stage( OR=11.75, 95% CI: 1.38-99.99)and malnourishment or risk of malnutrition( OR=4.22, 95% CI: 1.40-12.74)were correlated with frailty in inpatients. Conclusions:The prevalence of frailty is high in elderly patients with stage 3-5 ND-CKD.CKD stage, polypharmacy and malnourishment or the risk of malnutrition are closely correlated with frailty.

Objective:To explore the relevant factors for remote diffusion-weighted imaging lesions (R-DWILs) in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods:Two hundred and three patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019, were enrolled. According to the presence of R-DWILs, these patients were divided into positive group ( n=39) and negative group ( n=164). The basic information of R-DWILs in the positive group was analyzed. The basic demographic and clinical data and laboratory examination results were collected and compared between the two groups. Subsequently, the items with P<0.1 were included in the multivariate Logistic regression analysis to identify the independent influencing factors for R-DWILs. Results:A total of 55 R-DWILs were detected in 39 patients (19.2%) with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, including 45 in the cortical and subcortical area (81.8%), 8 in the basal ganglia area (14.5%), one in the brainstem area (1.8%), and one in the cerebellum area (1.8%). The diameter of these lesions ranged from 2-20 mm, which were round or oval, flaky, irregular and so on. Forty-two R-DWILs (76.4%) were in the contralateral hemisphere, and the number of R-DWILs was 1-3 in these patients. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil count, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), fasting blood glucose level in the positive group were significantly higher than those in the negative group ( P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that fasting blood glucose level ( OR=1.632, 95%CI: 1.213-2.072, P=0.015), neutrophil count ( OR=1.037 , 95%CI: 1.019-1.581, P=0.042), and NLR ( OR=2.151 , 95%CI: 1.397-2.733, P=0.003) were independent influencing factors for R-DWILs. Conclusions:R-DWILs are common in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, the lesions mainly occur in the cortical and subcortical area, and it is more common in the contralateral hemisphere. Patients with high fasting blood glucose, neutrophil count, and NLR are trended to have R-DWILs.

Objective:In a relatively "loose" macro policy environment, formulate highly operational implementation management methods for scientific research at institutional level to optimize the research management services, improve risk prevention and control, and at the same time play a role of "relaxing" scientific researchers.Methods:Combining with practical management issues, this article takes Southwest Hospital affiliated to The Third Medical University as an example, focuses on the existing problems and risk points in the institutionalization of scientific research management in hospitals. Discussions are carried out, including establishment and improvement of labor charge management, scientific research financial assistant system through labor dispatching service, catalogued reagents and consumable procurement mode, and out-put and in-put of warehouse management. In addition, specific solutions pertinent to the potential problems arising in institutionalization are proposed, especially in the ambiguity zone of higher-level policies.Results:Based on the analysis of problems existed in the practice, we puts forward some concrete solutions, and suggests " institutionalization" should replace the " inertia" management to make sure compliance. Improve labor management practices, more refined payment range on the basis of relevant national policies, specifically issuing qualifications of different categories of staff and set according to the local yearbooks a more appropriate standard for payment; explore research finance assistant institutional foundation dispatch mode, in order to make up the shortcomings of financial assistants include low salaries and the short employment periods. Establish a cataloged reagent and consumables procurement management mode and storage system. It is recommended to use information management measures to achieve visual management of procurement and use of various links.Conclusions:The institutional reform and innovation can stimulate the vitality of scientific research and improve academic integrity.

Objective:To analyze the effect and safety of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system(LNG-IUS) for the premenopausal patients with breast cancer who took tamoxifen as adjuvant therapy.Methods:From June 2014 to June 2016, 84 patients with breast cancer who met the inclusion criteria in the First People′s Hospital of Xiaoshan District were randomly divided into two groups according to the digital table.The treatment group (39 cases) underwent LNG-IUS insertion, while the control group (45 cases) received no LNG-IUS insertion.The general condition of patients before the use of tamoxifen and LNG-IUS was evaluated.Transvaginal ultrasound was used to measure the thickness of endometrium, hysteroscope was used for pathological examination of endometrium and the measurement of ER/PR expression, and blood lipid level was also detected.All above was done before the treatment of tamoxifen and LNG-IUS, 1 year after treatment and 2 years after treatment.Results:Before the therapy, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in general condition and uterine cavity condition(all P>0.05). After 1 year, the incidences of endometrial polyp, endometrial hyperplasia/secretion, benign lesion and endometrial atrophy in the treatment group were 2.6%, 5.1%, 15.4%, 76.9%, respectively, which in the control group were 6.7%, 20.0%, 17.8%, 55.6%, respectively.the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(χ 2=4.06, 4.22, all P<0.05). After 2 years, the incidences of endometrial polyp, endometrial hyperplasia/secretion, benign lesion and endometrial atrophy in the treatment group were 0.0%, 2.6%, 84.6%, respectively, which in the control group were 11.1%, 15.6%, 60.0%, respectively, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(χ 2=4.608, 4.092, 6.203, all P<0.05). Conclusion:LNG-IUS can prevent the benign endometrial lesions of breast cancer patients caused by tamoxifen therapy after surgery, and can decrease the incidence of endometrial polyp and endometrial hyperplasia/secretion, while increase the incidence of endometrial atrophy, without increasing the recurrence risk of breast cancer.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the expression of constitutive photomorphogenesis factor 9 signa-ling complex subunit 6(CSN6) in hepatocellular carcinoma( HCC),and its clinicopathological factors and prognosis. Methods The expression of CSN6 at levels of protein and mRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma and normal hepatic tissues was analyzed using public human protein Atlas database and StarBase database. The TCGA database was used to analyze the differential expression of CSN6 in patients with different tumor stages and graded of hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CSN6 protein in 106 patients with HCC and analyzed its relationship with multiple clinicopathological factors and overall survival. Results The expression of CSN6 was elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues when compared to normal hepatic tissues. CSN6 was more highly expressed in patients with high pathological grades(G3 and G4)and high stages (Ⅱ and Ⅲ);patients with hepato-cellular carcinoma with high expression of CSN6 had a shorter overall survival. The expression of CSN6 in hepatocellular carcinoma was associated with tumor differentiation and hepatitis B virus infection, and was an independent predictor of overall survival. Conclusion The expression of CSN6 is significantly increased in hepatocellular carcinoma. The increased expression of CSN6 in HCC tissues suggests a poor prognosis. The increased expression is associated with the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcino-ma and has a potential new prognostic marker and therapeutic target.

Objective: To investigate the association of both maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with childhood overweight and adiposity in preschool children. Methods: A total of 4 303 preschool children aged 3-5 years were enrolled in our study during June and November 2016 in Guangzhou. Children defined as overweight and obesity were according to the criteria of WHO while weight status during maternal pre-pregnancy was using the China Adult Reference. Gestational weight gain was defined according to the Institute of Medicine guidelines. Results: After adjusting the possible confounding factors, results from the logistic regression analysis showed that both maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity would increase the risk for both childhood overweight and obesity (OR=1.820, 95%CI: 1.368-2.422). The analysis of covariance results also showed that both maternal overweight and obesity before pregnancy and excessive maternal weight gain during pregnancy increased the BMI Z-score in children. Maternal GWG over the recommended level were associated with both the childhood overweight and obesity (OR=1.296, 95%CI: 1.007-1.667). Joint associations of pre-pregnancy BMI and inappropriate GWG were also noticed in the study. Stratified analysis was conducted in three groups according to the pre-pregnancy BMI of the mothers. Result showed that there was no statistical difference in the risks of either overweight or obesity in children (P>0.05). However, when compared to mothers with adequate pre-pregnancy higher BMI and adequate GWG, under the combination of high pre-pregnancy BMI and excessive GWG, their adverse effects on childhood overweight and obesity were much higher (OR=1.574, 95%CI: 1.029-2.409). Conclusions Both high pre-pregnancy BMI and inappropriate GWG were associated with greater BMI of their offspring. Pregnant women should follow the appropriate weight gain program and help their children to prevent from becoming obese.