ObjectiveTo investigate the analgesic effect of Tuina at the "Weizhong （BL 40）" on neuropathic pain in a rat model of chronic constriction injury （CCI） of the sciatic nerve and its potential central spinal mechanisms. MethodsThirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups （8 rats in each group）， sham-operated group， model group， Tuina group， and blockade group. The CCI model was established in the model group， Tuina group， and the blockade group by ligating the sciatic nerve with catgut， while the sham-operated group underwent only sciatic nerve exposure without ligation. From postoperative day 4 to day 14， rats in the Tuina group and the blockade group received Tuina manipulation at the "Weizhong （BL 40）" using a dynamic pressure distribution measurement system （5 N pressure， 2 Hz frequency， 10 min per session， once daily）. The blockade group also received intraperitoneal injections of the microglial inhibitor minocycline （10 mg/kg） once daily. The sham-operated and the model group underwent the same handling and fixation as the Tuina group without actual Tuina. Mechanical withdrawal threshold （MWT） and paw withdrawal latency （PWL） were measured before surgery and on day 3， 7， 10， and 14 post-surgery. Transmission electron microscopy was used to evaluate sciatic nerve injury and repair， measuring axon diameter and total myelinated fiber diameter to calculate the g-ratio. Western Blotting was performed to detect the protein levels of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 （Iba-1）， CD206， CD68， interleukin-10 （IL-10）， and β-endorphin （β-EP） precursor pro-opiomelanocortin （POMC） in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn. ResultsCompared with the sham-operated group， the model group showed significantly reduced MWT and PWL on day 3， 7， 10， and 14 （P＜0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Tuina group and the blockade group showed increased MWT and PWL on day 10 and 14 （P＜0.05）. Compared with the Tuina group， the blockade group exhibited higher MWT on day 7， 10， and 14， and higher PWL on day 10 （P＜0.05）. Sciatic nerve pathological morphology revealed intact and well-structured myelin in the sham-operated group， while the model group exhibited myelin collapse， distortion， and myelin ovoid formation. The Tuina group displayed partially irregular myelin with occasional myelin collapse， whereas the blockade group exhibited partial myelin irregularities and phospholipid shedding. Compared with the sham-operated group， the model group showed a decreased g-ratio and increased levels of Iba-1 and CD68 in the spinal dorsal horn （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Tuina group and the blockade group exhibited an increased g-ratio and reduced Iba-1 and CD68 levels. Additionally， the Tuina group showed elevated levels of CD206， IL-10， and POMC， whereas the blockade group had decreased CD206 levels （P＜0.05）. ConclusionTuina at "Weizhong （BL 40）" alleviates neuropathic pain in CCI rats， potentially by regulating microglial activation in the spinal cord， inhibiting M1 polarization while promoting M2 polarization， and activating the IL-10/β-EP pathway to exert analgesic effects.

Objective:To characterize the biomechanics of distal dynamic locking and distal static locking of proximal femur bionic nails (PFBN) in fixation of intertrochanteric fractures by a finite element analysis.Methods:The CT image data from the hip to the upper tibia from an adult male volunteer were used to establish a three-dimensional model of the femur by Mimics 20.0 and Geomagic 2013 which was processed further into a model of Evans type I intertrochanteric fracture by software NX 12.0. With reference to the internal fixation parameters commonly used, 4 models of PFBN fixation were established: distal single transverse nail dynamic locking (model A), single oblique nail dynamic locking (model B), single nail static locking (model C) and double nail dynamic locking (model D). Abaqus 6.14 software was used to load and analyze the internal fixation stresses and displacements of fracture ends.Results:Under a 2100N loading, the peak stress was located upon the main nail in the 4 models. The smallest peak stress upon the main nail was in Model D (161.9 MPa), decreased by 15.9% compared with model A (192.5 MPa), by 15.6% compared with model B (191.9 MPa), and by 0.9% compared with model C (163.3 MPa). The peak stress upon the fixation screw was the largest in model A (95.3 MPa), the smallest in model B (91.5 MPa), and 91.5 MPa and 92.2 MPa in models C and D, respectively. The overall displacements of the implants, in a descending order, were 10.14 mm in model A, 10.10 mm in model B, 10.09 mm in model C, and 10.05 mm in model D. Similarly, the displacements of fracture ends were 0.125 mm in model A, 0.121 mm in model B, 0.110 mm in model C, and 0.098 mm in model D.Conclusion:Compared with dynamic locking, distal static locking of PFBN provides a better mechanical stability and reduces stress concentration upon internal fixation.

【Objective】 To construct an acute toxoplasma encephalitis mouse model by observing the pathological changes in the hippocampus of mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii strain RH. 【Methods】 The quantitative RH Toxoplasma gondii (100, 500, and 1 000 trophozoites) were injected into the hippocampal CA1 region of mice by the stereotaxic surgery; the survival status of mice was observed. Giemsa staining was used to observe the changes of toxoplasma in mouse ascites and brain tissue homogenates. Nissl staining and HE staining were used to observe the pathological changes of hippocampal nerve tissue. The distribution of Toxoplasma gondii in brain tissue was observed by immunohistochemical ABC method. 【Results】 The RH Toxoplasma gondii infected mice showed obvious symptoms such as arched back, bristling hair, abdominal distension, subtle tremor and hemiplegia on the fourth day of infection. The survival of mice in 100 trophozoites group was longer, no trophozoites of Toxoplasma gondii were found in ascites, a few pseudocysts were found in brain tissue homogenates after infected for 96 hours, and more trophozoites were found after death. Nysl staining and HE staining showed more tissue necrosis foci and loss of nerve cells in CA1 area after infected 144 h. The injury aggravated with the prolongation of infection time. Toxoplasma trophozoites were found in ascites and brain homogenates of mice in 500 and 1000 trophozoites groups. Nissl staining revealed neuronal loss and massive necrosis in the hippocampus. HE staining showed necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. The brain tissue injury significantly aggravated compared with 100 trophozoites group. The distribution of Toxoplasma gondii in the necrotic foci was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. 【Conclusion】 The survival of 100 trophozoite mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii strain RH was longer, and the pathological changes of brain tissue gradually aggravated. The damage was relatively confined to the brain tissue, and the mice showed typical symptoms of toxoplasma encephalitis. Therefore, the mouse model of acute toxoplasma encephalitis can be constructed by localized infection of 100 toxoplasma trophozoites, which can lay a foundation for future research on the mechanism of toxoplasma injury to cranial nerves.

Objective: To analyze the clinical application of manual therapy (MT) to tumor-related adverse reactions via summarizing the research at home and abroad, in order to provide more theoretical evidence for the clinical promotion of MT. Methods: We searched 7 Chinese and English databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database (Wanfang), Chongqing VIP Database (CQVIP), PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Ovid and EBSCO. The publication date was between the establishment date of the database and December 31, 2020. We screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then sorted and analyzed the selected information. Results: A total of 46 papers were analyzed. Most studies focused on the adverse reactions in breast cancer patients. MT interventions demonstrated the best efficacy for fatigue, followed by pain, depression and anxiety. In different MT interventions, Tuina (Chinese therapeutic massage) was mainly adopted for fatigue, pain, anxiety, depression, and limb dysfunctions. Acupoint pressing was mainly adopted for gastrointestinal and psychological problems such as abdominal bloating, insomnia, depression and anxiety. The application of reflexotherapy was similar to that of Tuina. Conclusion: MT can alleviate various adverse reactions by effectively relieving patients' somatic symptoms and improving their psychological states and overall functions. It can be popularized as a significant non-drug therapy. Currently, however, the clinical application of MT is neither extensive nor has sufficient basic research. Consequently, we should attach importance to this application.

Objective To study changes in kinematics and joint coordination of the waist and hips during sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit tasks in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods The Vicon 3D motion capture system was used to collect the kinematics data from 20 healthy controls and 20 LDH subjects, and differences in movement patterns of the lumbar spine and hip joints during sitting and standing tasks were compared between two groups through statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Results During sit-to-stand task, the lumbar spine flexion and extension range and hip joint abduction angle of LDH subjects were significantly limited, and the hip flexion angle increased. SPM analysis showed that for both groups at initial stage of sit-to-stand (10%-13%), there was a statistically significant difference in flexion angle of the lumbar spine, and lumbar flexion angle of LDH subjects was significantly reduced, while hip flexion angle at 2%-14% phase was significantly increased. During stand-to-sit phase (65%-69%), LDH subjects showed increased hip abduction angle. Conclusions LDH subjects have limited lumbar flexion and hip abduction functions during sitting and standing, and they need to be compensated with increased hip flexion activities to complete functional tasks. In clinical evaluation, changes in motor function of the spine and hips should be focused on.

Objective    To analyze the expression of cold-induced RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) in lung adenocarcinoma and its clinical significance based on bioinformatics, in order to provide a new direction for the study of therapeutic targets for lung adenocarcinoma. Methods    The CIRBP gene expression data and patient clinical information data in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. The expression of CIRBP in lung adenocarcinoma was analyzed. Furthermore, its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma was analyzed. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were carried out for the screened genes. The CIRBP protein interaction network was constructed by STRING, and the correlation analysis was carried out using the GEPIA online website. Results    The expression level of CIRBP gene in lung adenocarcinoma tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues (P<0.01), and its expression level was correlated with T stage and N stage in clinicopathological features. The prognosis of patients with high CIRBP expression in lung adenocarcinoma was significantly better than that with low CIRBP expression. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that CIRBP was an independent prognostic factor in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. GO functional annotation showed its enrichment in organelle fission, nuclear fission, chromosome separation, and DNA replication, etc. KEGG analysis showed that it was mainly involved in cell cycle and DNA replication. Protein interaction network and GEPIA online analysis showed that the expression level of CIRBP  was negatively correlated with the expression level of cyclin B2. Conclusion    CIRBP gene is down-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues, and its expression level is closely related to patient prognosis. CIRBP gene may be a potential therapeutic target and prognostic marker for lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective To investigate the expression of EpCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule) in patients undergoing liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),and to explore the relationship between EpCAM expression level and HCC recurrence.Methods 83 HCC tissue samples were collected and analyzed retrospectively.EpCAM was detected by immunohistochemistry staining and the correlation between EpCAM and clinicopathological features,prognosis and recurrence were analyzed retrospectively from patients undergoing liver transplantation in Peking University People's Hospital from 2000 to 2010.Results Log-rank univariate survival analysis showed that the 5-year overall survival (41.2％ vs.73.3％,x2 =4.935,P =0.026) and 5-year disease free survival (41.2％ vs.73.3％,x2 =4.634,P =0.031)of HCC patients with high EpCAM expression level was significantly lower than that with low expression level of EpCAM.COX multivariate survival analysis showed patients with high EpCAM expression had a higher risk of recurrence(HR =2.860,95％ CI:1.012-8.083) and death (HR =2.909,95％ CI:1.030-8.217)after liver transplantation than those with low EpCAM expression,which was an independent predictor of 5-year overall survival and 5-year disease free survival recurrence (P =0.044).Furthermore,EpCAM expression level was highly related to tumor distant metastasis (P =0.01).Conclusion There was positive relation between high expression of EpCAM and high HCC recurrence after liver transplantation,suggesting that EpCAM can be a predictor for HCC recurrence and long-term survival of patients with HCC after transplantation.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of Galeazzi fractures from 2003 through 2012 in The Third Affiliated Hospital to Hebei Medical University. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of Galeazzi fractures between January 2003 and December 2012 in the Third Affiliated Hospital to Hebei Medical University. The data from 2003 through 2008 were defined as group A and those from 2008 through 2012 as group B. The general information was compared between the 2 groups. The epi-demiological characteristics and trends during the 10 years were analyzed concerning gender, age and fracture type of the patients. Results A total of 153 Galeazzi fractures were recorded, accounting for 0. 81％ of ulnoradial fractures and 0. 12％ of all fractures. There were 109 males and 44 females, with a male/female ratio of 2. 48:1. The age range from 11 to 20 years had the highest constituent ratio ( 22. 22％) and type Ⅱthe highest proportion ( 76. 47％) . There were 74 cases in group A, with a male/female ratio of 2. 22:1. There were 79 cases in group B, with a male/female ratio of 2. 76:1. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups concerning the male/female ratio ( P > 0. 05 ) . The median age for group A was 29 years, significantly younger than that for group B ( 34 years ) ( P <0. 05 ) . The high risk age was from 11 to 20 years in group A (32. 43％) and from 21 to 50 years (22. 78％) in group B. Compared with group A, the constituent ratio of age range from 11 to 20 years in group B was significantly lower and the constituent ratio of age range from 41 to 50 years significantly higher ( P <0. 05 ) . There were no significantly differences between the 2 groups concerning the constituent ratio of each fracture type ( P> 0. 05 ) . Conclusions Galeazzi fractures accounted for 0. 81％ of ulnoradial fractures and 0. 12％ of all fractures. There were more male patients than female ones. The age range from 11 to 20 years and typeⅡhad the highest constituent ratios. Compared with the first 5 years, the latter 5 years witnessed increased mean age.

Objective To investigate the echocardiographic features in patients with right atrial myxoma and thus evaluate the value of echocardiog?raphy in the diagnosis of right atrial myxoma. Methods The echocardiographic findings of 20 patients with right atrial myxomas were retrospectively analyzed,and the echocardiographic features of these patients were summarized. Results The main clinical symptoms of right atrial myxoma includ?ed chest tightness,shortness of breath,lower limb edema,and syncope. Of these 20 patients,the echocardiography showed that the average size of the right atrial myxomas was 3.11 cm × 2.90 cm to 7.44 cm × 4.52 cm. The myxomas were round or oval shape in 15 patients(75%)and lobulated shape in 5(25%). The myxomas were attached to the atrial septum in 15 patients(75%)and to right atrial free wall in 25%of the patients. The aver?age width of the basement was 1.62±0.30 cm,and the width was greater than 1 cm in 80%of the patients had the width over 1 cm. Some myxomas had internal areas of calcification and anechoic cystic areas. The percentages of patients with the blocking of right atrium,tricuspid and pulmonary hy?pertension were 70%,50%,and 10%,respectively. Conclusion The echocardiographic features of right atrial myxoma were specific. Echocardiog?raphy can accurately assess the tumor and identify the secondary changes in cardiac structure and hemodynamics and thus provide evidence for time?ly and accurate diagnosis of right atrial myxoma.