Objectives:To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of typical pharmaceutical smoking cessation intervention strategies in China in the context of primary cancer prevention.Methods:Markov cohort simulation models were established to simulate the burden of 12 smoking caused cancer, including lung cancer, oral cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, and acute myeloid leukemia. Taking incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) as the main indicator, the model sets one year as the cycling period for 50 periods and simulates the cohort of 10 000 thirty-five-year-old current smokers with various smoking cessation strategies. To ensure the robustness of conclusion, univariate sensitivity analysis, probability sensitivity analysis, and age-group sensitivity analysis were conducted.Results:The results showed that varenicline intervention was the most cost-effective intervention. Compared to the next most effective option, incremental cost of each additional quality-adjusted life year is 11 140.28 yuan, which is below the threshold of willingness to pay (1 year GDP per capita). The value of ICER increased as the increasing age group of adopting intervention, but neither exceeded the threshold of willingness to pay. One-way sensitivity analysis showed that the value of discount rate, the hazard ratio and cost of intervention strategy had a greater impact on the result of ICER.Conclusion:In China, the use of varenicline to quit smoking is highly cost effective in the context of cancer primary prevention, especially for younger smokers.

Objective To investigate the environmental contamination related to first patient with carbapenem-re-sistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB)infection and the infection status of relevant patients in a newly established intensive care unit(ICU)of a hospital in Tibetan area,and analyze the transmission risk.Methods From the ad-mission in ICU of a patients who was first detected CRAB on November 15,2021 to the 60th day of hospitalization,all patients who stayed in ICU for＞48 hours were performed active screening on CRAB.On the 30th day and 60th day of the admission to the ICU of the first CRAB-infected patient,environment specimens were taken respectively 2 hours after high-frequency diagnostic and therapeutic activities but before disinfection,and after disinfection but before medical activities.CRAB was cultured with chromogenic culture medium.Results Among the 13 patients who were actively screened,1 case was CRAB positive,he was transferred from the ICU of a tertiary hospital to the ICU of this hospital on November 19th.On the 40th day of admission to the ICU,he had fever,increased frequency for sputum suction,and CRAB was detected.The drug sensitivity spectrum was similar to that of the first case,and he also stayed in the adjacent bed of the first case.64 environmental specimens were taken,and 9 were positive for CRAB,with a positive rate of 14.06％,8 sampling points such as the washbasin,door handle and bed rail were positive for CRAB after high-frequency diagnostic and therapeutic activities.After routine disinfection,CRAB was detected from the sink of the washbasin.Conclusion For the prevention and control of CRAB in the basic-level ICU in ethnic areas,it is feasible to conduct risk assessment on admitted patients and adopt bundled prevention and con-trol measures for high-risk patients upon admission.Attention should be paid to the contaminated areas(such as washbasin,door handle,and bed rail)as well as the effectiveness of disinfection of sink of washbasin.

Objective:To understand the problems existing in the curriculum design of food hygiene and nutrition for undergraduates, and put forward countermeasures to improve the quality of talents cultivation and promote professional development.Methods:Self-made questionnaires were distributed by convenience sampling method, through online and offline ways, and the graduates' opinions on the curriculum design of their school. Quantitative data were analyzed by SPSS 26.0, and qualitative data were analyzed by NVivo 11.0.Results:A total of 258 valid questionnaires were recovered, and the average score of graduates' satisfaction with teaching quality was 2.42±1.02. Graduates had different opinions on the importance of special courses, and 150 students (58.14%) were satisfied with major courses. Some graduates thought the time of special courses was unreasonable and there were few major courses. Besides, 141 graduates (54.65%) were satisfied with the clinical probation in their graduation colleges. Although graduates believed that innovation ability was important, innovative education courses were scarce at present.Conclusions:Graduates are less satisfied with the setting of undergraduate curriculum in food hygiene and nutrition. It is suggested to optimize professional courses setting, improve experimental facilities and equipment, strengthen the management of practice bases, and pay attention to the cultivation of students' innovation and entrepreneurship ability.

Objective:To explore the association between platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and frequent peritoneal dialysis (PD) - associated peritonitis (PDAP) in PD patients.Methods:The data of PD patients with PDAP from Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital between January 2015 and June 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into mono group (only once PDAP occurred in one year) and frequent group (2 or more PDAP occurred in one year) according to the frequency of PDAP. The demographic data including gender, age, height and weight, the clinical data including blood pressure, duration of PD, causes of peritonitis, the laboratory data at the first time of PDAP and the prognosis of PDAP were compared between two groups. Logistic regression analysis method was applied to analyze the relationship between PLR and frequent PDAP. The predictive power of PLR was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).Results:A total of 78 PD patients with PDAP were enrolled, including 53 males and 25 females, with average age of 45.2 years. The total person-year was 765.1 person-years and the incidence of peritonitis was 0.10 case/person-year during the median follow-up of 16 months. All patients were divided into two groups: 53 patients in mono group and 25 patients in frequent group. Compared with mono group, the patients in frequent group had lower body mass index, longer dialysis duration, higher systolic blood pressure level, higher PLR level, lower uric acid level, and higher rate of drug-resistant bacteria in peritoneal effusion (all P<0.05). The extubation rate of the frequent group was 44.0%(11/25), which was significantly higher than that [15.1%(8/53)] of mono group ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher PLR level was an independent related factor for frequent PDAP( OR=1.006, 95% CI 1.002-1.010, P=0.003), and the area under the ROC curve of PLR was 0.783(95% CI 0.663-0.904, P<0.001). Conclusions:High PLR level is an independent related factor of frequent PDAP for PD patients, and PLR can be a potential predictor of frequent PDAP.

This paper introduced European Guidelines for Physiotherapy of Parkinson's Disease, especially the form, content and selection, to give a reference of evidence-based practice in China.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of probiotic on protein energy wasting and micro-inflammation in peritoneal dialysis patients. METHODS: One hundred and twelve patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis at the nephrology department of Guizhou provincial people's hospital in 2017, were randomly divided into intervention group(n=56) and control group(n=56), which were treated probiotic and placebo respectively two months, and collected biochemical, inflammatory, physical measurement and bioelectrical impedance index before and after treatment. RESULTS: The prevalence of protein-energy wasting was 64.29% and 60.71%in intervention group and control group, respectively. Compared with control group, patients in intervention group had lower urea nitrogen, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 and higher serum albumin levels, and these differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Physical measurement results showed that the upper arm muscle circumference of intervention group was increased compared to control group, and the change was statistically significant(P<0.05). Biological resistance testing results showed that the fat percentage of intervention group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The treatment of probiotic could improve protein energy wasting and micro-inflammation in continuous peritoneal dialysis patients.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between dry weight setting and the related parameters of PEW of multicenter hemodialysis patients in Guizhou. in order to provide the basis for setting dry weight in patients. METHODS: We conducted the research in patients of 11 hemodialysis center in Guizhou province. We collected demographic data(age, gender, nationality, marital status, education level, income status and so on) by questionnaire; are collected dry weight, ECW, ICW, fat mass,lean body mass and so on by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and then we also collected physical measurement indexes, such as waist circumference, hip circumference, medium arm circumference(MAC), tricep fold thickness(TSF)and crus diameter. The data is divided into three groups according to the dry weight setings. Group 1: dry weight setting was slightly lower(dry weight setted by doctors was slightly lower than bioelectrical impedance analysis results,withen 1 kg); group 2: dry weight setting was normal; group 3: dry weight setting slightly higher group(dry weight setted by doctors was slightly higher than bioelectrical impedance analysis results,withen 1 kg). We used Chi-square analysis to analyze PEW prevalence, compared differences of the PEW indications by variance analysis, and then we used Spearman correlation analysis to analyze the correlation between PEW and the indications. Influence of various factors on the PEW was analyzed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The PEW morbidity of group 3 was higher than the other two groups. PEW indicators such as upper arm midpoint diameter, tricep fold thickness, hip circumference, fat mass, BMI, Hb, Alb and prealbumin were lower than the other two groups, the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05). Correlation analysis results show that the degree of the factors associated with the PEW was as follows in turn BMI(r=-0.677, P<0.05), dry weight(r=0.636, P<0.05), upper arm midpoint diameter(r=-0.589, P<0.05), albumin(r=-0.562, P<0.05) and hip circumference(r=-0.475, P<0.05). Logistic regression showed that the factors affecting PEW were albumin(OR = 0.883, 95%CI: 0.782-0.997, P<0.05), BMI(OR = 0.671, 95%CI: 0.509-0.884, P<0.05), upper arm midpoint diameter(OR = 0.457, 95% CI: 0.318-0.655, P<0.05) and dry weight(OR = 1.191, 95%CI: 1.041-1.363, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The dry weight setting too high, insufficient amount of ultrafiltration and inadequate dialysis can increase the occurrence of PEW.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and carotid atherosclerosis and its related indicators in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 101 T2DM patients were divided into T2DM group (A group, n=52) and T2DM with carotid artery atherosclerosis group (B group, n=49) according to whether complicated with carotid artery atherosclerosis, and 50 normal healthy persons were used as the normal group (C group , n=50). The TSP-1 and other clinical indicators were detected including fasting blood sugar (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fibrinogen (Fib) and homocysteine (homocysteine). The differences between TSP-1 and other related indicators were analyzed. Results There were no significant differences in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and body mass index (BMI) between the 3 groups (P>0.05). The level of systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly higher in group B than that of group A and group C (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between group A and group C (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in TC, TG and HDL-C between three groups (P>0.05). The values of TSP-1 and Hcy were increased sequentially in group B, group A and group C (P <0.05). There were significant differences in FPG, HbA1c, Fib, FINS and LDL-C between three groups (P<0.05). TSP-1 was positively correlated with FPG, FINS, HbA1c, Fib and Hcy (r= 0.585, 0.341, 0.701, 0.409 and 0.351, P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that TSP-1 was affected by FINS, HbA1c and Fib, and HbA1c was more important. Conclusion TSP-1 is associated with the occurrence and development of diabetic macrovascular complications. It has good clinical value for early detection, early treatment and delaying the progress of diabetic macrovascular diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cognition status of construction workers on occupational health knowledge.METHODS: Seven hundreds and sixteen construction workers in Luzhou City were selected by cluster sampling method.Their cognition conditions on occupational health knowledge were investigated. RESULTS: The awareness rate of legal knowledge of occupational disease was the highest in construction workers in Luzhou City,which was 51. 68%. However,the awareness rate of legal compensation system of occupational disease was the lowest,which was only 5. 59%. The main sources of workers getting to know about occupational health knowledge were television, network and newspaper( accounting for 70. 25%). With the decrease of age and the increase of educational level,the awareness rates of occupational health knowledge in construction workers had a tendency of increase( P < 0. 05). The awareness rates of legal knowledge and diagnostic programs of occupational disease and legal compensation system in workers with special rates types of work were higher than those of handymen and traditional craftsmen( P < 0. 05). The awareness rates of occupational health knowledge in workers who had received the training of occupational safety and related occupational disease knowledge were higher than those who had not( P < 0. 05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that factors influencing the awareness rates of occupational health knowledge of construction workers were the educational level,type of work,the training of occupational safety and related occupational disease knowledge( P <0. 05). CONCLUSION: The awareness rate of occupational health knowledge in construction workers was generally low. The training of occupational safety and related occupational disease knowledge should be strengthened for the construction workers.

Diffusion tensor imaging is a non-invasive MRI technique which can identify changes of cerebral microstructure that CT and MRI is difficult to find, especially in the change of nerve fibers direction, which can be used for the researches of evaluation, recovery mechanism and prognosis of neurology. It has been applied in rehabilitation of motor, language and recognition of post-stroke patients.