ObjectiveTo investigate the influenza virus infection status of influenza-like illness (ILI) at a sentinel hospital in Baoshan District of Shanghai, to explore the seasonal patterns of influenza, so as to provide a scientific basis for influenza prevention and control in Baoshan District of Shanghai. MethodsSurveillance data and pathogenic testing results of ILI from the monitoring year of 2015 to 2023 were collected from the sentinel hospital to describe the seasonal epidemic characteristics of influenza in this district. ResultsThe proportion of ILI visits to sentinel hospital in Baoshan District of Shanghai showed an upward trend from 2015 to 2023 (Z=2.598, P=0.09). The positive rate of influenza virus in ILI was 20.43% (1 761/8 621), of which 14.17% were positive for influenza A virus, including 8.43% for influenza A/H3N2 and 5.74% for influenza A/H1N1. The positive rate of influenza B virus was 6.25%, of which the positive detection rate of influenza B/Victoria virus was 5.35%, while that of influenza B/Yamagata virus was 0.90%. Influenza B/Yamagata virus was not detected in 2019‒2023. The highest positivity rate was observed in the 5‒<15 years age group (25.57%). The positive rate of ILI was lower in males (19.90%) than that in females (20.90%). There were three patterns of influenza epidemic in the district: with year-round circulation in 2016‒2017 and 2021‒2022; with bimodal peaks in 2015‒2016, 2017‒2018 and 2022‒2023; and with one peak in 2018‒2019 and 2019‒2020. The positive rate of influenza virus exhibited seasonal variations, with influenza A virus predominated in summer and autumn. However, influenza B virus showed an increase in spring and winter. ConclusionThe influenza epidemic in Baoshan District, Shanghai exhibits diverse patterns with heterogeneous epidemiological characteristics across different age groups and seasons. Notably, children and adolescents aged 5‒<15 years constitute the key target population for influenza prevention and control. Enhanced surveillance and targeted control measures against influenza A/H3N2 lineage viruses are particularly warranted during summer and autumn seasons.

Objective:To explore if miR-133a is involved in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)via regulating G6PD.Methods:Bioinformatics analysis predicted the binding sites of miR-133a and G6PD;RT-PCR or western blot was used to assess the expres-sion of miR-133a and G6PD in HCC tissues and the adjacent normal tissues;CCK-8 and flow cy-tometry assays were performed to evaluate the effects of miR-133a/G6PD on cell proliferation,apop-tosis;Fluorescent reporter gene and western blot assays were used to assess the effect of miR-133a on G6PD expression.Results:miR-133a expression was decreased in HCC tissues while G6PD was increased(P0.01);Up-regulation of miR-133a significantly reduced G6PD expression(P＜0.01);up-reg-ulation of miR-133a inhibited cell growth and promoted cell apoptosis(P＜0.05),whereas these effects induced by miR-133a over-expression were all abolished when G6PD was up-regulated(P＜0.01).Conclusion:miR-133a represses the occurrence and development of HCC via targeting G6PD.

AIM: To explore the relationship between retinal exudative changes in neonates and perinatal toxoplasmosis, others, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus(TORCH)infections, as well as the characteristics of TORCH infection in neonates with retinal exudative changes.METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 612 neonates with retinal exudative changes detected during ophthalmic screening in our hospital from May 2019 to March 2023 were selected. TORCH tests were performed on these neonates, and the results were subjected to statistical analysis to determine the infection characteristics. The neonates with retinal exudative changes were grouped by sex and age, the characteristics of TORCH infection were analyzed, and the positive rates were compared.RESULTS: Among the 612 neonates with retinal exudative changes, the highest positive rate was observed for cytomegalovirus(CMV-IgG)(96.7%), followed by rubella virus(RV-IgG)(73.9%). Mixed infections with two or three viruses were also observed, with the highest positive rate for mixed infection of RV-IgG and CMV-IgG reaching 71.2%. There was no statistically significant difference in TORCH infection among neonates of different sex(P>0.05). However, there were statistically significant differences in RV-IgG and CMV-IgM infections with retinal exudative changes among neonates of different age groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Perinatal TORCH infection may be an important factor causing retinal exudative changes in neonates. The differences in various infections are not related to sex but are related to different age groups.

Pulmonary disease is one of the major threats to human health. However, the current clinical treatment drugs for lung diseases generally have problems such as low lung delivery efficiency, fast clearance rate and obvious toxic side effects. Recently, membrane biomimetic nanocarriers have attracted more and more attention. Due to their advantages of high targeting, long cycle time, good biocompatibility and strong immune escape ability, membrane biomimetic nanocarriers have become a major research hotspot in targeted therapy of lung diseases. In this review, we discuss the main preparation methods of membrane biomimetic nanoparticles, the characteristics of membrane biomimetic nanocarriers from different cell sources and their application in the targeted therapy of lung diseases. At the same time, according to the characteristics of different membranes, the shortcomings, current technical limitations and future prospects are discussed. This review is expected to provide references for the design of membrane biomimetic nanocarriers and their potential applications in the treatment of lung diseases.

Humans ; PPAR gamma/metabolism* ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha

Eighteen compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of the fruits of Litsea cubeba by silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, semi-preparative RP-HPLC, chiral HPLC and recrystallization. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and by comparison with reported spectroscopic data and physicochemical properties, and the absolute configurations of the enantiomers were established by experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. These compounds were identified as (+)-(R)-4-hydroxypiperitenone (1a), (-)-(S)-4-hydroxypiperitenone (1b), (3S,4S,6R)-3,6-dihydroxy-1-menthene (2), (4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-2-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (3), (R)-6-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-6-methylcyclohex-2-enone (4), (4S,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-isopropyl-3-methylcyclohex-2-enone (5), (1R,3S,4R)-3-hydroxy isopulegol (6), subamone (7), (6S)-3,7-dimethyl-7-hydroxy-2(Z)-octen-6-olide (8), (6S)-6,7-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethyloct-2(Z)-enoate (9), holostylactone (10), sesamin (11), dimethylmatairesinol (12), p-hydroxybenzoylcarbinol (13), syringaldehyde (14), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (15), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (16), 5,4ʹ-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (17). Among them, compounds 1a and 1b were a pair of new monoterpenoid enantiomers, 8 and 9 were new natural products, 2-7, 10, 11 and 17 were isolated from Litsea genus for the first time. The in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of compounds 1-17 were evaluated using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, the results showed that compound 14 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity with NO inhibitory rate of 66.27% at a concentration of 40 μmol·L^-1.

Constipation is a prevalent ailment which might significantly impact the quality of people's life and rise some associated deseases risks. In this study, a chronic constipation mouse model was established using loperamide hydrochloride. Mice were gavaged an Angelica sinensis Cistanche Fiber Compound, comprised of Dang Gui [Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels], Rou Cong Rong (Cistanche deserticola Y.C.Ma), wheat fiber, and low-molecular-weight xylan at high dosage (3.6 g·kg^-1, 30 times the recommended human dose) and low dosage (0.6 g·kg^-1, 5 times the recommended human dose) for 14 days. The study assessed the therapeutic efficacy of the compound by observing fecal morphology, measuring water content, and conducting small intestine motility experiments. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were conducted to evaluate the serum levels of gastrointestinal hormones including motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS), the inflammatory factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Histopathological examination with H&E staining was employed to evaluate colonic tissue damage. Additionally, Western blot and immunohistochemistry experiments were conducted to examine the expression levels of aquaporin-3 (AQP3) and c-Kit in the colon. The results indicated that the Angelica sinensis Cistanche Fiber Compound could improve fecal morphology, increase fecal water content, enhance small intestinal transit rates in mice. Additionally, there was a significant elevation in the serum levels of gastrointestinal hormones and a notable reduction in the levels of inflammatory factors. The improvement in colonic histopathological damage was accompanied by a marked decrease in the expression of the colonic water channel protein AQP3 and a significant increase in c-Kit expression. These results collectively suggested the presence of a dose-response relationship. These findings indicate that the Angelica sinensis Cistanche Fiber Compound effectively alleviates constipation in mice. Its action is associated with the regulation of colonic water channel protein AQP3 and c-Kit expression, along with the modulation of serum inflammatory factors and gastrointestinal hormones. This experiment was approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Committee of Jinan University.

The paper is to establish an UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 19 components in Microctis Folium from different production areas. The 50% methanol was used as extraction solvent. The Agilent ZORBAX SB C18 (150 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) column was used; mobile phase was acetonitrile - 0.1% acetic acid with gradient elution, flow rate was 0.3 mL·min^-1, colume temperature was 30 ℃, and the injection volume was 2 μL; electrospray ionizaton source was used and detected in negative ion mode. The results showed that the established UPLC-MS/MS method could well separate the 19 components, and the methodological investigation results of 19 components were good. By means of orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), 28 batches of Microctis Folium samples from different production areas can be divided into three categories, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan are each classified into one category, and 10 signature compounds which affecting the quality differences of different production areas were screened out. The established method is accurate, reliable, sensitive and reproducible. It can provide a basis for the establishment of the quality standard of Microctis Folium, as well as for safety and quality research.

Lysine specific demethylase1(LSD1)is a flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)-dependent monoamine oxidase.Studies have confirmed that aberrant expression of LSD1 is closely related to tumor metastasis and proliferation,and is currently one of the important targets for tumor-targeted therapy.In addition,LSD1 is involved in the development of various conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases,cardiovascular diseases,and inflammatory responses.Currently,several inhibitors have been developed for the clinical research stage.In this paper,the structure and mechanism of action of LSD1 and the research progress of LSD1 inhibitors are briefly introduced to provide some reference for the design and development of novel LSD1 inhibitors.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of matrine hydrochloride injection on acetaminophen(APAP)induced liver injury in mice.Methods Sixty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank group,model group and experimental-L,-M,-H groups.The mice were abdominal injected 300 mg·kg-1 APAP to build the acute liver injury modeling.The experimental-L,-M,-H groups were intravenous injected matrine of 0.7,1.4,and 2.8 mg·kg-1,respectively.Blank and model groups were injected with 10％glucose solution 10 mL·kg-1·d-1 via tail vein.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure the levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT),glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GPT),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in mice serum.The kit were employed to detect the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in liver tissue.Results The serum GOT levels in the experimental-M,-H groups,model group and blank group were(5 593.45±128.46),(2 316.24±125.37),(8 302.16±267.15)and(40.13±7.69)U·L-1;the GPT levels were(6 159.37±129.64),(2 597.10±120.37),(8 1699.54±259.87)and(36.47±9.46)U·L-1;the IL-6 levels were(159.43±26.42),(96.37±25.84),(215.34±47.68)and(83.72±26.37)pg·mL-1;the TNF-α levels were(327.68±38.37),(249.69±44.97),(477.68±58.59)and(254.35±50.67)pg·mL-1;the SOD levels were(329.46±37.49),(371.16±33.76),(246.84±38.79)and(429.67±23.76)U·mg-1;the MDA levels were(5.34±0.76),(4.09±0.54),(12.46±3.76)and(3.12±0.42)nmol·mg-1.There were significant differences between the experimental-M,-H groups and the model group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Matrine has a significant protective effect on APAP induced drug-induced liver injury,and its protective mechanism is related to inhibiting inflammatory response and alleviating oxidative stress response.