Objective: To develop and validate a health literacy assessment scale for junior high school students, providing an effective tool for evaluating and monitoring health literacy among Chinese adolescents. Methods: Based on school health education policy documents, a health literacy assessment framework was constructed, comprising five horizontal and four vertical dimensions. From May to June and August to September in 2024, the framework was refined through Delphi expert consultations and focus group discussions, leading to the development of the Health Literacy Assessment Scale for Junior High School Students. In September 2024, a convenience sample of 625 students from three junior high schools in Beijing and Tianjin completed the questionnaire. Item analysis, reliability, and validity tests were conducted to evaluate the scale. Results: The recovery rate for two rounds of expert consultation questionnaires was 100%. The expert authority coefficients ( Cr ) were 0.86 and 0.87 respectively (both >0.70), with Kendall W values of 0.34 and 0.27 ( P <0.05). The focus group discussions followed a rigorous structure, and after multiple rounds of item screening and revision, the version 3.0 of the junior high school students health literacy assessment scale was developed, comprising 57 items. Three items that failed to meet the comprehensive screening criteria were preliminarily removed, and the final scale contained 54 items. The scale demonstrated excellent reliability, with an overall Cronbach s α coefficient of 0.92 and split half reliability of 0.93. Confirmatory factor analysis [ χ 2/df =2.094, root mean square error of approximation ( RMSEA )=0.042, comparative fit index ( CFI )=0.911, Tucker Lewis index ( TLI )=0.907] indicated good model fit indices. Conclusions The preliminary development of the health literacy assessment scale for junior high school students follows a rigorous item screening process with well designed dimensions, demonstrating good reliability and validity, thus serving as an appropriate evaluation tool for adolescent health literacy.

Objective: To develop a health literacy evaluation scale for Chinese high school students, providing a tool for dynamic monitoring of health literacy among high school students and evaluating the effectiveness of health school construction. Methods: Through theoretical research, an evaluation index system for health literacy of Chinese high school students was constructed. Two rounds of Delphi expert consultations were conducted to quantitatively screen the items, and the item pool was revised based on expert opinions to compile the health literacy evaluation scale for Chinese students. Two focus group interviews were held to collect suggestions from health educators, high school teachers, and high school students regarding optimized scale length, question types, difficulty and wording of the scale. The scale was revised accordingly. A pilot survey was conducted in Beijing and Tianjin in November 2024, and the reliability and validity of the scale were evaluated based on the pilot survey data. Results: The response rate in both rounds of Delphi expert consultations was over 80%, and the expert authority coefficient was over 0.70. The expert opinions were highly concentrated, and the dispersion was small. The revised item pool based on expert opinions contained 39 items. The revised scale based on the suggestions and opinions collected from the focus group interviews had a moderate number of questions and difficulty level. The pilot survey obtained 800 valid responses, with the response rate of 89.39%. The Cronbach α coefficient of the scale was 0.911, χ 2/df =3.321, the root mean square error of approximation was 0.054, the adjusted goodness-of-fit index was 0.991 , and the factor loadings of some items were less than 0.40. Conclusion The health literacy evaluation scale for Chinese high school students demonstrates scientific rigor and practical applicability, with good internal consistency and structural validity.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of endoscopic injection of norepinephrine on cerebral infarction complicated by stress-induced gastrointestinal bleeding.Methods:A total of 150 patients with cerebral infarction complicated by stress-induced gastrointestinal bleeding who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Lishui City People's Hospital from October 2020 to October 2021 were included in this study. These patients were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group using the random number table method, with 75 patients in each group. Patients in the control group received routine clinical treatment, while those in the observation group received endoscopic injection of norepinephrine in addition to routine clinical treatment. The hemostatic time, blood transfusion volume, and length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups. The stress index and inflammatory index were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The hemostatic effect and adverse reactions were evaluated in each group.Results:The hemostatic time, blood transfusion volume, and length of hospital stay in the observation group were (16.16 ± 4.36) hours, (385.35 ± 41.28) mL, and (5.35 ± 1.28) days, respectively, which were significantly shorter or less than (27.27 ± 6.34) hours, (447.07 ± 32.07) mL, and (7.07 ± 2.07) days in the control group ( t = 12.50, 10.22, 6.12, all P < 0.001). After treatment, the levels of cortisol, norepinephrine, antidiuretic hormone, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the observation group were (288.33 ± 19.53) mmol/L, (29.17 ± 4.26) μg/L, (4.08 ± 1.08) mU/L, (38.27 ± 8.72) ng/L, (6.69 ± 1.35) μg/L, and (6.37 ± 1.51) mg/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than (327.22 ± 22.01) mmol/L, (39.32 ± 5.54) μg/L, (5.36 ± 1.22) mU/L, (51.24 ± 13.23) ng/L, (8.67 ± 2.29) μg/L, and (11.44 ± 3.13) mg/L in the control group ( t = 11.44, 12.57, 6.80, 7.08, 6.45, 12.63, all P < 0.001). The overall response rate of hemostasis in the observation group was 94.67% (71/75), which was significantly higher than 82.67% (62/75) in the control group ( χ2 = 5.37, P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 8.00% (6/75), which was slightly, but not significantly, lower than 14.67% (11/75) in the control group ( χ2 = 1.66, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Endoscopic injection of norepinephrine for the treatment of cerebral infarction complicated by stress-induced gastrointestinal bleeding can rapidly stop bleeding, effectively reduce inflammation,improve stress index, and be highly safe.

After COVID -19, patients, medical workers and the whole society in COVID -19 were faced with the challenge of how to quickly return to normal life. Patients cured in COVID -19 would face mental or psychological barriers, or be discriminated against, or face problems such as overweight of local epidemic prevention policies. The front-line medical personnel experienced job burnout and a variety of mental and psychological disorders, with some even developing physical symptoms. During the epidemic, ordinary people were in a state of psychological stress, education, production and economic activities were affected, and the incidence of mental or psychological disorders increases. It was necessary to provide COVID -19 patients with mental health monitoring and counseling. Give professional guidance to front-line medical staff, arrange rotation reasonably, and pay attention to their mental health status. Local governments should strictly implement the national epidemic prevention system, formulate epidemic prevention policies with humanistic care, actively publicize epidemic related knowledge and safeguard the rights and interests of the people.

Objective To investigate the incidence and severity of symptoms in patients with gastric cancer who received chemotherapy,we constructed a symptom network to explore core symptoms and bridge symptoms.Furthermore,the study explores the association between core symptoms and Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)constitutions.Methods Patients with gastric cancer who received chemotherapy in the medical oncology and surgical oncology department from March to August 2023 were selected for the study using a convenience sampling method.The MD Anderson Symptom Inventory Gastrointestinal Cancer was used for evaluating gastrointestinal symptoms and their severity among patients receiving chemotherapy for gastric cancer,as well as assessing the classification of TCM constitution among patients.The symptom network model was constructed using the R programming language,and the central index was analyzed to determine the core symptoms and bridge symptoms.Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the association between different physical conditions and the occurrence of core symptoms.Results A total of 346 electronic questionnaires were collected,with 340 valid ones,and the effective recovery rate was 98.3％.The 3 most prevalent and severe symptoms among the 340 patients with gastric cancer were fatigue(85.59％),lack of appetite(82.35％),and taste alteration(81.18％).The centrality index results indicated that grief exhibited the highest intensity,medium,and compactness centrality values(rs=8.23,rb=2.00,rc=0.03),making it the core symptom of this condition.Sleep disorders,lack of appetite,drowsiness,and taste alteration were identified as bridging symptoms with bridge intensities of 0.74,0.76,0.99,and 0.94 respectively.The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between sadness and qi-deficiency constitution,phlegm-dampness constitution(P＜0.05).The phlegm-dampness constitution was positively correlated with the taste alterations(P＜0.05).Conclusion In patients with gastric cancer,fatigue emerges as the most prominent symptom,while sadness assumes the core symptom.Additionally,sleep disorder,lack of appetite,drowsiness,and taste alteration are bridge symptoms.According to the principles of TCM constitution,qi-deficiency and phlegm-dampness are constitutions associated with a higher risk of experiencing sadness,and phlegm-dampness is a constitution associated with a higher risk of taste changes.Nurses can integrate core symptoms and TCM constitutions characteristics to optimize the strategies for symptom intervention.

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of transferrin-targeting peptide T7 （7pep） on intracellular transportation of polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone （PEG-PCL） micelles in human cervical cancer HeLa cells. METHODS Using coumarin-6 （C6） as fluorescent indicator probe， both coumarin-6 （C6）-loaded PEG-PCL （PEG-PCL-C6） micelles and 7pep-modified PEG- PCL （7pep-PEG-PCL-C6） micelles were prepared by film-dispersion method. The particle size， polydispersity index and appearance morphology were compared between two types of micelles； the real-time uptake of two types of micelles by HeLa cells was compared， and the colocalization of two types of micelles with early endosomes （EE）， endocytic recycling compartments （ERC） and late endosomes （LE） after entry into the cells was observed. RESULTS The particle sizes of PEG-PCL-C6 and 7pep-PEG-PCL- C6 micelles were（75.0±2.3）and（82.0±1.5）nm； the polymer dispersity indexes were 0.17±0.20 and 0.17±0.32， respectively， with a regular spherical appearance. The colocalization results showed that entry speed and amount of 7pep-PEG-PCL-C6 micelles were significantly faster/more than those of PEG-PCL-C6 micelles. 7pep-PEG-PCL-C6 micelles entered EE faster than PEG-PCL-C6 micelles， while PEG-PCL-C6 micelles entered ERC at a faster rate than 7pep-PEG-PCL-C6 micelles， and both PEG-PCL-C6 micelles and 7pep-PEG-PCL-C6 micelles tended to accumulate gradually in LE； Pearson coefficient， signal overlap ratio， and colocalization ratio of 7pep-PEG-PCL-C6 micelles with LE were significantly lower 60 minutes after entering the cell than those 30 minutes after entering the cell （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Targeting 7pep modification can increase the entry speed and amount of PEG-PCL-C6 micelles， and also alter their intracellular transportation behavior.

Objective:To analyze the electroencephalogram (EEG) features of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and to combine the characteristics for classification and prediction.Methods:One hundred and thirty-five patients attending the Department of Neurology at the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University were enrolled, including 34 patients with AD, 67 patients with MCI, and 34 healthy control (HC). The electroencephalogram signals of these patients in the resting state were collected and preprocessed. Relative power spectral density features and sample entropy features on a multi-band scale were extracted to compare the whole-brain differences in electroencephalogram features among the 3 groups of subjects, and then subdivided into brain regions and individual leads for in-depth analysis. The above two features were fused to classify and predict AD, MCI, and HC by support vector machine (SVM).Results:The frontal regions had higher δ relative power spectral densities than the other regions, and the occipital and temporal regions showed relatively lower distributions. θ-Band relative power spectral densities had a more even distribution of sizes across brain regions. α-Band relative power spectral densities were concentrated in the occipital lobe, while β-band relative power spectral densities were mainly concentrated in the parietal and temporal lobes. Except for the central lobe, the δ-band relative power spectral densities of the AD group were higher than those of the MCI group ( P < 0.05) and HC group ( P < 0.01) in all brain regions and the whole brain. θ-band relative power spectral densities of the AD group were higher than those of the MCI gourp ( P < 0.001) and HC group ( P < 0.001) in the whole brain and in all brain regions. α-Band relative power spectral densities of the AD group were lower than those of the other groups only in the temporal lobe (all P < 0.05). The relative power spectral density of the β-band in the AD group was higher than that of the other groups in the whole brain and in all brain regions ( P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001). The difference in the relative power spectral density of the δ-band in the C3 lead in the central lobe of the AD and HC groups was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The relative power spectral density of the γ-band in the temporal lobe was higher than that in the other regions of the AD group, the MCI group, and the HC group. The relative power spectral density of the γ-band in the T3 lead in the AD group was significantly lower than that in the T4 lead. The average entropy of samples in the whole brain and in each brain region was lower than that in the HC group in the AD and MCI groups (all P < 0.05). The entropy of the samples at lead C3 in the AD group was lower than that in the MCI group ( P < 0.05). The differences between the relative power spectral density, sample entropy, and the actual data classification evaluation indexes (accuracy rate, precision rate, recall rate, and F1 score) that fused the two features, and the rearranged data were all statistically significant (all P < 0.001). When the relative power spectral density feature and the sample entropy feature were fused in the classification features, the best classification prediction was achieved, with an accuracy rate of 80%, a precision rate of 78%, a recall rate of 78%, and the F1 score of 79%. Conclusions:Relative power spectral density and sample entropy analysis can reveal the abnormalities of electroencephalogram activities of AD and MCI patients from different perspectives (linear and nonlinear), and the combination of these two features in classification prediction can improve the classification effect.

Objective:To understand the gene carrying rate of neonatal genetic deafness in Dalian area, and to analyze the pedigree of 6 newborns with positive deafness gene test, to provide a reference basis for preventing genetic deafness.Methods:A total of 1 536 newborns born in Dalian Women′s and Children′s Medical Center (Group) from January to October in 2022 were retrospectively enrolled to detect the 4 genes of hereditary deafness, including GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4 (PDS) and MT-RNRI (12SrRNA). Among them, 6 newborns with hereditary deafness were tested for NGS Panel gene.Results:A total of 85 deafness gene mutations were detected in 1 536 newborns, with the total carrying rate of 5.53% (85/1 536). Thirty-two cases of GJB2 mutations with carrying rate of 2.08% (32/1 536); 4 cases of GJB3 mutation of 0.26% (4/1 536); 32 cases of SLC26A4 (PDS) gene mutations of 2.08% (32/1 536); 14 cases of MT-RNRI (12SrRNA) mutations with carrying rate of 0.91% (14/1 536); 2 cases had compound heterozygous mutations of GJB2/GJB3, with a carrier rate of 0.13% (2/1 536); 1 cases had compound heterozygous mutations of GJB2/SLC26A4 (PDS), with a carrier rate of 0.07% (1/1 536); 1 case of compound heterozygous mutation in three-gene and a heterozygous mutation in KCNQ4 were detected in NGS Panel testing for hereditary deafness.Conclusions:Homozygous mutation and compound heterozygous mutation are the main factors of autosomal recessive gene deafness, and the NGS Panel gene detection is of great significance for gene traceability and the detection of rare deafness gene.

As an excellent hosting matrices for enzyme immobilization, metal-organic framework (MOFs) provides superior physical and chemical protection for biocatalytic reactions. In recent years, the hierarchical porous metal-organic frameworks (HP-MOFs) have shown great potential in enzyme immobilization due to their flexible structural advantages. To date, a variety of HP-MOFs with intrinsic or defective porous have been developed for the immobilization of enzymes. The catalytic activity, stability and reusability of enzyme@HP-MOFs composites are significantly enhanced. This review systematically summarized the strategies for developing enzyme@HP-MOFs composites. In addition, the latest applications of enzyme@HP-MOFs composites in catalytic synthesis, biosensing and biomedicine were described. Moreover, the challenges and opportunities in this field were discussed and envisioned.
Metal-Organic Frameworks/chemistry* ; Porosity ; Enzymes, Immobilized/chemistry* ; Biocatalysis ; Catalysis

【Objective:】 To understand the current status of narrative nursing knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among nurses in grade A tertiary hospitals, and to provide a basis for the development of narrative nursing in relevant areas. 【Methods:】 Using convenience sampling methods, 931 nurses from three grade A tertiary hospitals in Xi’an were selected as subjects. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the Clinical Nurses’ Narrative Nursing Knowledge and Trustworthiness Questionnaire and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of nurses’ narrative nursing KAP. 【Results:】 The scores on the three dimensions of narrative nursing KAP were (23.70±2.99) points, (31.69±5.92) points, and (30.26±5.32) points, respectively. Nursing workload, general self-efficacy, professional title, and nursing satisfaction were the influencing factors of nurses’ narrative nursing knowledge dimension (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in nurses’ narrative nursing attitude dimension among nursing workload, general self-efficacy, professional title, monthly income, and nursing satisfaction (P<0.05). Nursing workload, general self-efficacy, nursing satisfaction, and accompanying experience were the influencing factors of nurses’ narrative nursing behavior dimension (P<0.05). 【Conclusion:】 Nurses in grade A tertiary hospitals have moderate narrative nursing knowledge, positive attitudes, and poor practice execution. The high nursing workload is the main barrier factor for the current development of narrative nursing. Nursing managers should actively build a diversified training system and guarantee system to boost the development of narrative nursing in clinical nursing work, and further promote the development of narrative nursing concepts.