Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of modified Xiaoyao powder for postpartum depression (PPD) by conducting a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: The Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Databases (CNKI), the Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), Wanfang, Google Scholar, the SinoMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases were searched from their inception to April 25, 2023. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the quality of the trials. We applied the risk ratio to present dichotomous data and the mean difference to present continuous data. Data with similar characteristics were pooled for meta-analysis and heterogeneity was assessed using I2. Results: This review included 35 trials involving 2848 participants. The quality of the included studies was low (unclear randomization processes and insufficient reporting of blinding). Participants treated with modified Xiaoyao powder plus Western medicine showed lower Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) depression score than those who used Western medicine alone (mean difference = −2.15; 95% confidence interval:−2.52 to 1.78; P < .00001), and higher effective rate (relative risk = 1.19; 95% confidence interval: 1.15 to 1.24; P < .00001), When comparing modified Xiaoyao alone with Western medicine, the HAMD depression score remained low, however, the efficacy rate was higher in the modified Xiaoyao group. Regarding adverse events, the modified Xiaoyao group reported weight gain, nausea, and diarrhea, but no severe adverse events were reported. Conclusion Modified Xiaoyao may help relieve depression in PPD when used alone or in combination with Western medicine, with minor side effects. Therefore, future high-quality, large-sample size RCTs are warranted.

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of neurofibromin 1 (NF1) in gallbla-dder cancer.Methods:The experimental study was conducted. Human gallbladder cancer cell lines, including GBC-SD, NOZ, SGC996, EH-GB1, ZJU0428, human embryonic kidneys cell line 293T and human cervical cancer cell line HELA, were cultured. The recombinant plasmids (mRFP-YAP1 FL-FLAG and eGFP-MYC-NF1 2650?2750-HA) were constructed for co-immunoprecipitation experiment. The truncated Yes associated protein 1(YAP1) and NF1 recombinant proteins were purified in vitro. The interaction between NF1 and YAP1 in vitro or in vivo were verified by isothermal titration calori-metry (ITC) assay, GST pull-down experiment, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, laser confocal microscopy, and the expression of NF1 protein in different gallbladder cancer cell lines was verified by Western blot experiments. Observation indicators: (1) interaction between NF1 and YAP1 in vitro; (2) interaction between NF1 and YAP1 in cells; (3) expression of NF1 protein in different human gallbladder cancer cell lines. The dissociation constants were exported from ITC 200 software and represented as Mean± SD. Count data were represented as absolute numbers. Results:(1) Interaction between NF1 and YAP1 in vitro. ① Results of ITC assay showed that there was interac-tion between PPQY and YAP1-WW1, between PPQY and YAP1 (Amino acid residues 162?275), and the dissociation constants between PPQY and YAP1-WW1, between PPQY and YAP1(Amino acid residues 162?275) were (0.42±0.06)mmol/L, (0.69±0.14)mmol/L, respectively. ② GST pull-down results indicated that the target protein His-Sumo-YAP1 WW1 was obviouly observed in protein lane of reaction system between GST-PPQY recombinant protein and His-Sumo-YAP1 WW1, relative to the reaction system between GST protein and His-Sumo-YAP1 WW1. The target protein His-Sumo-YAP1 WW2 was obviouly observed in protein lane of reaction system between GST-PPQY recombinant protein and His-Sumo-YAP1 WW2, relative to the reaction system between GST protein and His-Sumo-YAP1 WW2. (2) Interaction between NF1 and YAP1 in cells. ① Co-immunoprecipitation results indica-ted that NF1 protein was observed in cell lysis solution which was incubated by FLAG gel beads and cotransfected with mRFP-YAP1 FL-FLAG and eGFP-MYC-NF1 2650?2750-HA. ② Immuno-fluorescence and laser confocal microscopy results indicated that YAP1 and NF1 with obvious fluorescence were co-localized in the cytoplasm of human gallbladder cancer NOZ cells. However, YAP1 with obvious fluorescence was localized in the nucleus of human gallbladder SGC996 cells and NF1 showed weak fluorescence. (3) Expression of NF1 protein in different human gallbladder cancer cell lines. Western blot results showed that with the expression level of NF1 protein in HELA cell line as the standard, the relative expression levels of NF1 protein in EH-GB1, GBC-SD, NOZ, SGC996, ZJU0428 cell lines were 1.28, 0, 1.01, 0, 0, respectively. Conclusion:NF1 affects the gallbladder cancer by directly acting on YAP1 protein.

ObjectiveOn the basis of sensory evaluation， the changes of volatile components in gecko before and after processing were compared， and the odor correction effect of different processing methods of gecko was discussed. MethodRaw products， fried yellow products， vinegar processed products， wine processed products， talcum powder scalding products and white wine sprayed products after scalding talcum powder of gecko were prepared， and 10 odor assessors were invited to evaluate the 6 samples in turn by sensory evaluation. Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （HS-SPME-GC-MS） and relative odor activity value （ROAV） were used to analyze the key odor components， and multivariate statistical methods were used to analyze the difference of volatile components between raw and processed products of gecko. Taking water-soluble extract and protein contents as internal indicators， sensory evaluation score and content ranking of differential components as external indicators， and assigning a weight of 0.25 to them respectively， the comprehensive scores of raw products and processed products of gecko were calculated to evaluate the odor correction effect of each processing method. ResultThe average sensory evaluation scores of the raw products， fried yellow products， vinegar processed products， wine processed products， talcum powder scalding products and white wine sprayed products after scalding talcum powder of gecko were 1.6， 5.2， 6.2， 6.1， 7.2 and 8.0， respectively. ROAV results showed that key components affecting odor of gecko were 2-ethyl-3，5-dimethylpyrazine， isovaleraldehyde， trimethylamine， 1-octen-3-ol， n-octanal， nonanal， 2-methylnaphthalene， γ-octanolide， 2-heptanone and phenol. Principal component analysis （PCA） significantly distinguished raw products from processed products. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） results showed that there were 16， 13， 16， 16， 16 differential components between raw products， fried yellow products， vinegar processed products， wine processed products， talcum powder scalding products and white wine sprayed products after scalding talcum powder of gecko. Among these differential components， there were 4 common components， namely， the contents of different odor components （2-methylnaphthalene and 2-ethyl-p-xylene） decreased， while the contents of different flavor components （2-decanone and 2，3，5-trimethylpyrazine） increased. The comprehensive scoring results showed that the odor correction effect of each processed products was in the order of talcum powder scalding products>wine processed products>vinegar processed products>fried yellow products>white wine sprayed products after scalding talcum powder. ConclusionTalcum powder scalding is a better method to improve the odor of gecko， and it can provide an experimental basis for the processing of gecko to correct the odor.

OBJECTIVE：To compare the difference in the antioxid ant effect of fresh Rehmannia glutinosa ，dried R. glutinosa ， R. glutinosa preparata during ancient characteristic processing and its polysaccharides before and after processing on aging model rats，and to provide reference for the processing of R. glutinosa . METHODS ：The sample of R. glutinosa preparata was prepared according to ancient characteristic method. During the processing ，the fresh and dried R. glutinosa samples were retained. Then crude polysaccharide were extracted from fresh R. glutinosa and Rehmanniae radix preparata by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. Totally 96 rats were divided into blank group （water），model group （water），positive control group [vitamine C ，100 mg/（kg·d）]，fresh R. glutinosa group [ 700 mg/（kg·d）]，dried R. glutinosa group [ 135 mg/（kg·d）] ，Rehmanniae radix preparata group [ 135 mg/（kg·d）]，fresh R. glutinosa polysaccharide group [ 1 400 mg/（kg·d），by the weight of fresh R. glutinosa ] and Rehmanniae radix preparata polysaccharide group mg/（kg·d），by the weight of Rehmanniae radix preparata] ， with 12 rats in each group. Except for blank group ，other 制。E-mail：zhouyan1221@163.com groups were given D-galactose [ 125 mg/（kg·d）] on neck and back to induce sub-acute aging model. At the same time ，they were given relevant medicine in tragastrically，once a day ，for consecutive 56 days. After last admin istration，the liver ，brain，kidney，spleen，heart and thymus indexes were determined. The total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC），superoxide dismutase （SOD）activity，catalase（CAT）activity and MDA content in serum ， liver，brain and kidney were determined. RESULTS ：Compared with blank group ，organ indexes of rats in the model group were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；T-AOC，SOD activity and CAT activity in serum ，brain，liver and kidney tissue were decreased significantly （P＜0.01），while MDA content increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group ，the organ indexes of brain ，liver and kidney ，SOD activity in serum and kidney of fresh R. glutinosa group were not significantly increased （P＞0.05）；kidney index ，T-AOC in serum and brain ，SOD activity in serum ，liver and kidney tissue were not significantly increased in the dried R. glutinosa group（P＞0.05）；kidney index ，T-AOC in serum and cerebral tissue ，SOD activity in serum were not significantly increased in fresh R. glutinosa group（P＞0.05）；other organ indexes ，T-AOC，SOD activity and CAT activity in serum and tissues were increased significantly in other groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），while MDA content in serum and tissues were decreased significantly in all administration groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with fresh R. glutinosa group，T-AOC in serum was decreased significantly in dried R. glutinosa group（P＜0.01），and there was no significant difference in other indexes （P＞0.05）；kidney and spleen indexes of rats in Rehmanniae radix preparata group were increased significantly （P＜0.05），T-AOC in renal tissue ，SOD activity in serum ，cerebral tissue and renal tissue ，CAT activity in cerebral and liver tissue were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），while MDA in cerebral and liver tissue were significantly decreased （P＜ 0.01）. CAT in cerebral tissue and liver tissue of rats in Rehmanniae radix preparata group were significantly higher than those in positive control group （P＜0.01）. Compared with fresh R. glutinosa polysaccharide group ，spleen and renal indexes of rats in Rehmanniae radix preparata group were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），T-AOC，SOD activity and CAT activity in serum and cerebral ，liver，renal tissues were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. T-AOC and CAT activity of cerebral ， liver and renal tissues in Rehmanniae radix preparata group were all significantly higher than those in positive control group （P＜ 0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：In the aspect of increasing organ index and improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes in serum，cerebral，liver and

Painful leg ulcers are very common in clinic,including arterial ulcers,venous ulcers,autoimmune diseases-related ulcers,gangrenous pyoderma,necrobiosis lipoidica and hypertensive ulcers.At present,few painful leg ulcer-related researches have been conducted in China,and pain is only treated as a concomitant symptom of leg ulcers.However,a series of painful leg ulcer-related researches have been carried out in other countries.This review comprehensively expounds the definition,epidemiological characteristics,etiology and management of,as well as pain mechanism and assessment in painful leg ulcers.

Objective To investigate the effect of acidic tumor microenvironment on invasion and migration and its mechanism in glioma cells. Methods (1) The pH value of the medium was adjusted by acid-base titration. Human glioma cells U87 and U251 were cultured in the acid group and the normal group with pH values of 6.4 and 7.4, respectively; and 3 d after cultivation, the expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) and CD44 were detected by Western blotting; Transwell assay was used to examine the invasion and migration of U87 and U251 cells; immunofluorescence was employed to examine the CD44 expression. (2) The U87 and U251 cells were divided into small interfering RNA (siRNA) -nonsense sequence group and siRNA-CD44-1 group, and the siRNA nonsense sequences and siRNA-CD44-1 interfering fragments were transfected by lipofectin-3000, respectively; three d after transfection, the migration and invasion abilities of cells from the two groups were detected by Transwell assay. (3) U87 and U251 cells were divided into acid group (cultured with a pH value of 6.4), blank control group, siRNA nonsense sequence group, siRNA-CD44-1 group, and siRNA-CD44-2 group; and cells from the later four groups were cultured with a pH value of 7.4; after culture for 4 d, the siRNA-nonsense sequence group, siRNA-CD44-1 group and siRNA-CD44-2 group were transfected with siRNA-nonsense sequences, siRNA-cd44-1 interfering fragments and siRNA-CD44-2 interfering fragments, respectively; three d after transfection, the expressions of CD44, N-Ca, Vimentin, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 proteins in these 5 groups were detected by Western blotting. Results (1) As compared with the normal group, the expression levels of HIF-2α and CD44 in U87 and U251 cells of the acid group were significantly increased; both Transwell and invasion experiments showed that the number of transmembrane cells in the acid group was significantly larger than that in the normal group (P<0.05); immunofluorescence staining showed that the CD44 expression in acid group was significantly higher than that in normal group (P<0.05). (2) Both Transwell and invasion experiments showed that the number of transmembrane cells in the siRNA-CD44-1 group was significantly smaller than that in the siRNA nonsense sequence group (P<0.05). (3) Western blotting showed that the expression levels of CD44, N-Ca, Vimentin and MMP-2 in U87 and U251 cells of the blank control group, siRNA nonsense sequence group, siRNA-CD44-1 group, and siRNA-CD44-2 group were obviously decreased as compared with those in the acid group; the expression levels of CD44, N-Ca, Vimentin and MMP-2 in U87 and U251 cells of the siRNA-CD44-1 group and siRNA-CD44-2 group were obviously lower than those in the siRNA nonsense sequence group. Conclusion Acidic tumor microenvironment enhances the capabilities of invasion and migration of glioma cells through increasing CD44 expression.

Objective To study the influence of micro (miR)-325 in progression of glioma and its molecular mechanism by regulating transferrin receptor (TFRC) gene expression in glioma cells. Methods (1) Thirty-five glioma tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues were collected during surgical excision performed in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2018. The miR-325 and TFRC mRNA expression levels in the glioma tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues were detected by inverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR); the expression of miR-325 in glioma tissues of patients with different clinical characteristics and the survival curves of patients with low or high miR-325 expressions were compared. (2) RT-qPCR was used to examine the miR-325 expression in HA, U251, and U87 cell lines in vitro; the regulatory relations between miR-325 and its potential target gene TFRC in U251, and U87 cell lines were measured by luciferase report assay; miR-325 mimic and its negative control were transfected into U251 and U87 cell lines for 48 h, and then, the mRNA and protein expressions of TFRC were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blotting, respectively; control small interfering RNA (siRNA)+nonsense inhibitor, TFRC siRNA+nonsense inhibitor, and siTFRC+miR-325 inhibitor were transfected into U251 and U87 cell lines for 48 h, respectively, Western blotting was employed to detect the TFRC protein expression, cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay, and cell invasion was detected by Transwell assay; pcDNA3.1 empty vector+nonsense sequence, TFRC pcDNA3. 1+nonsense sequence, TFRC pcDNA3.1+miR-325 mimic were transfected into U251 and U87 cell lines for 48 h, respectively, TFRC protein expression was detected by Western blotting, cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay, and cell invasion was detected by Transwell assay. Results (1) As compared with those in the adjacent tissues, the miR-325 expression was significantly decreased and the TFRC mRNA expression was statistically increased in glioma tissues (P<0.05); the TFRC mRNA expression and miR-325 expression were negatively correlated in glioma tissues (P<0.05); as compared with patients with Karnofsky functional status scores≥80, patients with scores<80 had significantly decreased miR-325 expression; as compared with glioma tissues of WHO grading I-II, glioma tissues of grading III-IV had significantly decreased miR-325 expression (P<0.05); the survival rate of patients with low miR-325 expression was statistically lower than that of patients with high miR-325 expression (P< 0.05). (2) As compared with that in HA cells, the miR-325 expression was statistically down-regulated in U87 and U251 cells (P<0.05); in TFRC wild-type (TFRC WT) transfected cells, the miR-325 mimic group had significantly lower luciferase activity than the nonsense sequence group, while the miR-325 inhibitor group had significantly higher luciferase activity than the nonsense inhibitor group (P<0.05); as compared with those in the nonsense sequence group, the TFRC mRNA and protein expressions were statistically decreased in U87 and U251 cells of miR-325 mimic group; as compared with those in the control siRNA+nonsense inhibitor group, the TFRC protein expression and absorbance value were significantly decreased, and number of invasive cells was significantly smaller in the siTFRC+nonsense inhibitor group; and as compared with those in the siTFRC+nonsense inhibitor group, the TFRC protein expression and absorbance value were significantly increased, and number of invasive cells was significantly larger in the siTFRC+miR-325 inhibitor group (P<0.05); as compared with the pcDNA3.1 empty vector+nonsense sequence group, the TFRC protein expression and absorbance value were significantly increased, and number of invasive cells was significantly larger in the TFRC pcDNA3.1 +nonsense sequence group, and as compared with the TFRC pcDNA3.1+nonsense sequence group, the TFRC protein expression and absorbance value were significantly decreased, and number of invasive cells was significantly smaller in the TFRC pcDNA3.1+miR-325 mimic group (P<0.05). Conclusion The miR-325 expression is decreased in glioma cells and has a tumor suppressor effect; patients with low miR-325 expression have poor prognosis; miR-325 inhibits cancer cell progression by inhibiting the expression of the target gene TFRC.

We isolated and enriched mixed microorganisms SWA1 from landfill cover soils supplemented with trichloroethylene (TCE). The microbial mixture could degrade TCE effectively under aerobic conditions. Then, we investigated the effect of copper ion (0 to 15 μmol/L) on TCE biodegradation. Results show that the maximum TCE degradation speed was 29.60 nmol/min with 95.75% degradation when copper ion was at 0.03 μmol/L. In addition, genes encoding key enzymes during biodegradation were analyzed by Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). The relative expression abundance of pmoA gene (4.22E-03) and mmoX gene (9.30E-06) was the highest when copper ion was at 0.03 μmol/L. Finally, we also used MiSeq pyrosequencing to investigate the diversity of microbial community. Methylocystaceae that can co-metabolic degrade TCE were the dominant microorganisms; other microorganisms with the function of direct oxidation of TCE were also included in SWA1 and the microbial diversity decreased significantly along with increasing of copper ion concentration. Based on the above results, variation of copper ion concentration affected the composition of SWA1 and degradation mechanism of TCE. The degradation mechanism of TCE included co-metabolism degradation of methanotrophs and oxidation metabolism directly at copper ion of 0.03 μmol/L. When copper ion at 5 μmol/L (biodegradation was 84.75%), the degradation mechanism of TCE included direct-degradation and co-metabolism degradation of methanotrophs and microorganisms containing phenol hydroxylase. Therefore, biodegradation of TCE by microorganisms was a complicated process, the degradation mechanism included co-metabolism degradation of methanotrophs and bio-oxidation of non-methanotrophs.
Biodegradation, Environmental ; Copper ; chemistry ; Methylocystaceae ; metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Soil Microbiology ; Trichloroethylene ; metabolism

Next generation sequencing (NGS) has developed very rapidly in the last decade. Compared with Sanger sequencing, NGS has the advantages of high sensitivity and high throughput. Movement disorders are a common type of neurological disease. Although traditional linkage analysis has become a standard method to identify the pathogenic genes in diseases, it is getting difficult to find new pathogenic genes in rare Mendelian disorders, such as movement disorders, due to a lack of appropriate families with high penetrance or enough affected individuals. Thus, NGS is an ideal approach to identify the causal alleles for inherited disorders. NGS is used to identify genes in several diseases and new mutant sites in Mendelian movement disorders. This article reviewed the recent progress in NGS and the use of NGS in Mendelian movement disorders from genome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing. A perspective on how NGS could be employed in rare Mendelian disorders is also provided.
Alleles ; Genetic Linkage ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; methods ; Humans ; Movement Disorders ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Transcriptome

Objective To observe the effect of Shengji corium elephatis mastic in treating chronic refractory skin ulcer, and analyze its preliminary mechanism. Methods Totally 62 patients with chronic refractory skin ulcer in granulation stage were randomly divided into two groups, 32 cases of treatment group were treated with Shengji corium elephatis mastic, and 30 cases of control group were treated with Vaseline gauze. All patients were treated for 4 weeks. The rate of wound healing, wound reduction ratio and wound secretion level of VEGF were observed. Results The cure rate and the total effective rate between the two groups had significant difference (P<0.05). After 2 weeks treatment, the mean wound reduction area of treatment group and control group was 82.31%and 66.32%respectively. After 4 weeks treatment, the mean wound reduction area of treatment group and control group was 90.35%and 78.7%respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After 1, 2 and 3 weeks treatment, the treatment group had significant difference with the control group in wound secretion VEGF level (P<0.05). Conclusion Shengji corium elephatis mastic can promote wound healing of chronic refractory skin ulcer. The possible mechanism is that Shengji corium elephatis mastic promotes the generation of VEGF in wound thus promotes wound repair.