ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of Suanzaoren Tang on the rat model of depression established by solitary culture combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress by reshaping the inflammatory microenvironment and mediating changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. MethodsSeventy-two male SD rats were randomized by a random number table into six groups： control group， model group， fluoxetine group （0.003 6 g·kg^-1）， and high-（10 g·kg^-1）， medium-（5 g·kg^-1）， low-dose （2.5 g·kg^-1）Suanzaoren Tang groups， with 12 rats per group. The sucrose preference rate and open field test scores of rats in each group were observed. Western blot was employed to determine the expression levels of the key proteins in the specificity protein 1 （SP1）/sphingosine kinase 1 （SK1）/sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 （S1PR1） signaling pathway， as well as hippocampal proteins synaptophysin Ⅰ （SYNⅠ）， postsynaptic density protein-95 （PSD-95）， and family with sequence similarity 19， member A5 （FAM19A5）. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the positive expression of SP1， PSD-95， SYNⅠ， interleukin （IL）-10， and IL-6. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was employed to determine the mRNA levels of SP1 and S1PR1. Finally， transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe the ultrastructural changes of hippocampal synapses. ResultsCompared with the control group， the model group exhibited a decrease in sucrose preference index （P<0.01） and reduced total scores for horizontal and vertical movements in the open field test （P<0.01）， which indicated the successful modeling of depression. Moreover， the model group showed reduced synaptic vesicles in the hippocampus （P<0.01）， up-regulated expression of SP1， SK1， S1PR1， and IL-6 （P<0.01）， and down-regulated expression of SYNⅠ， PSD-95， FAM19A5， and IL-10 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， high- and medium-dose Suanzaoren Tang and fluoxetine increased the sucrose preference index and the total scores for horizontal and vertical movements in the open field test （P<0.01）. All Suanzaoren Tang groups and the fluoxetine group demonstrated reductions in SP1， SK1， S1PR1， and IL-6 expression （P<0.05， P<0.01）， alongside restored synaptic vesicles in the hippocampus （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionSuanzaoren Tang modulates hippocampal expression of FAM19A5， SYNⅠ， PSD-95， IL-10， IL-6， and the SP1/SK1/S1PR1 pathway in the rat model of depression. The antidepressant effects may be related to the ability of reducing neuroinflammation and enhancing synaptic plasticity.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of Suanzaoren Tang on the rat model of depression established by solitary culture combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress by reshaping the inflammatory microenvironment and mediating changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. MethodsSeventy-two male SD rats were randomized by a random number table into six groups： control group， model group， fluoxetine group （0.003 6 g·kg^-1）， and high-（10 g·kg^-1）， medium-（5 g·kg^-1）， low-dose （2.5 g·kg^-1）Suanzaoren Tang groups， with 12 rats per group. The sucrose preference rate and open field test scores of rats in each group were observed. Western blot was employed to determine the expression levels of the key proteins in the specificity protein 1 （SP1）/sphingosine kinase 1 （SK1）/sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 （S1PR1） signaling pathway， as well as hippocampal proteins synaptophysin Ⅰ （SYNⅠ）， postsynaptic density protein-95 （PSD-95）， and family with sequence similarity 19， member A5 （FAM19A5）. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the positive expression of SP1， PSD-95， SYNⅠ， interleukin （IL）-10， and IL-6. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was employed to determine the mRNA levels of SP1 and S1PR1. Finally， transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe the ultrastructural changes of hippocampal synapses. ResultsCompared with the control group， the model group exhibited a decrease in sucrose preference index （P<0.01） and reduced total scores for horizontal and vertical movements in the open field test （P<0.01）， which indicated the successful modeling of depression. Moreover， the model group showed reduced synaptic vesicles in the hippocampus （P<0.01）， up-regulated expression of SP1， SK1， S1PR1， and IL-6 （P<0.01）， and down-regulated expression of SYNⅠ， PSD-95， FAM19A5， and IL-10 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， high- and medium-dose Suanzaoren Tang and fluoxetine increased the sucrose preference index and the total scores for horizontal and vertical movements in the open field test （P<0.01）. All Suanzaoren Tang groups and the fluoxetine group demonstrated reductions in SP1， SK1， S1PR1， and IL-6 expression （P<0.05， P<0.01）， alongside restored synaptic vesicles in the hippocampus （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionSuanzaoren Tang modulates hippocampal expression of FAM19A5， SYNⅠ， PSD-95， IL-10， IL-6， and the SP1/SK1/S1PR1 pathway in the rat model of depression. The antidepressant effects may be related to the ability of reducing neuroinflammation and enhancing synaptic plasticity.

The background of abdominal computed tomography (CT) images is complex, and kidney tumors have different shapes, sizes and unclear edges. Consequently, the segmentation methods applying to the whole CT images are often unable to effectively segment the kidney tumors. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a multi-scale network based on cascaded 3D U-Net and DeepLabV3+ for kidney tumor segmentation, which uses atrous convolution feature pyramid to adaptively control receptive field. Through the fusion of high-level and low-level features, the segmented edges of large tumors and the segmentation accuracies of small tumors are effectively improved. A total of 210 CT data published by Kits2019 were used for five-fold cross validation, and 30 CT volume data collected from Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital were independently tested by trained segmentation models. The results of five-fold cross validation experiments showed that the Dice coefficient, sensitivity and precision were 0.796 2 ± 0.274 1, 0.824 5 ± 0.276 3, and 0.805 1 ± 0.284 0, respectively. On the external test set, the Dice coefficient, sensitivity and precision were 0.817 2 ± 0.110 0, 0.829 6 ± 0.150 7, and 0.831 8 ± 0.116 8, respectively. The results show a great improvement in the segmentation accuracy compared with other semantic segmentation methods.
Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Specimen Handling ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of Jinkui shenqi pill versus Shengjing capsule in the treatment of oligoasthenozoosperimia under behavioral intervention. METHODS:98 patients with oligoasthenozoosperimia were randomly divid-ed into Shengjing capsule group(49 cases)and Jinkui shenqi pill(49 cases). All patients received intervention treatment(cognitive intervention,psychological intervention,diet intervention and exercise intervention,etc.). Based on it,Shengjing capsule group re-ceived 1.6 g Shengjing capsules,orally,3 times a day;Jinkui shenqi pill group received 6 g Jinkui shenqi pill,orally,twice a day. They were treated for 3 months. Clinical efficacy,semen quality (semen volume,sperm concentration,sperm motility rate, sperm motility)and sex hormone levels [testosterone(T),follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(HLH),pro-gesterone(P),prolactin(PRL)] before and after treatment,and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RE-SULTS:The total effective rate in Shengjing capsule group was significantly higher than Jinkui shenqi pill group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Before treatment,there were no significant differences in semen quality and sex hormone levels(P>0.05). After treatment,semen quality in 2 groups was significantly higher than before,semen volume and sperm motility in Shengjing cap-sule group were higher than Jinkui shenqi pill group,with statistical significances(P<0.05). T levels in 2 groups were significant-ly higher than before,while Shengjing capsule group was lower than Jinkui shenqi pill group,with statistical significances (P<0.05);and there were no significant differences in FSH,HLH,P and PRL before and after treatment in 2 groups(P>0.05). And there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Under behavioral interven-tion,Shengjing capsule has better efficacy than Jinkui shenqi pill in the treatment of oligoasthenozoosperimia,it can significantly improve semen quality,while Jinkui shenqi pill is better in terms of improving sex hormone levels;and both show good safety.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the 3 polymorphic loci of endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA) gene and intracranial aneurysms.

METHODSThree EDNRA gene polymorphisms (rs5335, rs6842241, and rs6841581) were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The genotype and allele frequencies were calculated in the patients and the control group to analyze the association between the gene and the size of aneurysms.

RESULTSNo significant difference was found in the distribution of the EDNRA gene genotypes or allele frequencies between the patients and the control subjects. Only GG genotype of rs6841581 was found to significantly correlate with the size of aneurysms.

CONCLUSIONEDNRA gene rs6841581 has significant associations with the size of intracranial aneurysms, indicating a possible role of EDNRA in the genetic mechanisms of intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptor, Endothelin A ; genetics

Objective To investigate the relationship between the 3 polymorphic loci of endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA) gene and intracranial aneurysms. Methods Three EDNRA gene polymorphisms (rs5335, rs6842241, and rs6841581) were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The genotype and allele frequencies were calculated in the patients and the control group to analyze the association between the gene and the size of aneurysms. Results No significant difference was found in the distribution of the EDNRA gene genotypes or allele frequencies between the patients and the control subjects. Only GG genotype of rs6841581 was found to significantly correlate with the size of aneurysms. Conclusion EDNRA gene rs6841581 has significant associations with the size of intracranial aneurysms, indicating a possible role of EDNRA in the genetic mechanisms of intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the 3 polymorphic loci of endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA) gene and intracranial aneurysms. Methods Three EDNRA gene polymorphisms (rs5335, rs6842241, and rs6841581) were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The genotype and allele frequencies were calculated in the patients and the control group to analyze the association between the gene and the size of aneurysms. Results No significant difference was found in the distribution of the EDNRA gene genotypes or allele frequencies between the patients and the control subjects. Only GG genotype of rs6841581 was found to significantly correlate with the size of aneurysms. Conclusion EDNRA gene rs6841581 has significant associations with the size of intracranial aneurysms, indicating a possible role of EDNRA in the genetic mechanisms of intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between 2 polymorphic loci (G-894T and T-786C) of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene and sporadic intracranial aneurysms.

METHODSTwo eNOS gene polymorphisms at G-894T and T-786C were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The genotype and allele frequencies were calculated for the patients and the control group and the association between the gene polymorphisms and the size of aneurysms was analyzed.

RESULTSSignificant differences were found in the genotype distribution for eNOS G-894T polymorphism between the patient and control groups. The GG genotype was associated with a higher risk of intracranial aneurysm than GT+TT genotype (OR:1.897, 95%CI: 1.023-3.519, P=0.04). The patients with intracranial aneurysms had a significantly higher eNOS T-786C C allele frequency than the control group. The C allele was associated with a higher risk of intracranial aneurysm than T allele (OR: 2.116, 95%CI: 1.073-4.151, P=0.030). No significant association was found between the eNOS polymorphisms and the size of aneurysms.

CONCLUSIONeNOS gene may be involved in the occurrence and development of intracranial aneurysms.

Alleles ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

Objective To investigate the relationship between 2 polymorphic loci (G-894T and T-786C) of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene and sporadic intracranial aneurysms. Methods Two eNOS gene polymorphisms at G-894T and T-786C were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The genotype and allele frequencies were calculated for the patients and the control group and the association between the gene polymorphisms and the size of aneurysms was analyzed. Results Significant differences were found in the genotype distribution for eNOS G-894T polymorphism between the patient and control groups. The GG genotype was associated with a higher risk of intracranial aneurysm than GT+TT genotype (OR:1.897, 95%CI: 1.023-3.519, P=0.04). The patients with intracranial aneurysms had a significantly higher eNOS T-786C C allele frequency than the control group. The C allele was associated with a higher risk of intracranial aneurysm than T allele (OR:2.116, 95%CI:1.073-4.151, P=0.030). No significant association was found between the eNOS polymorphisms and the size of aneurysms. Conclusion eNOS gene may be involved in the occurrence and development of intracranial aneurysms.

Objective To investigate the relationship between 2 polymorphic loci (G-894T and T-786C) of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene and sporadic intracranial aneurysms. Methods Two eNOS gene polymorphisms at G-894T and T-786C were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The genotype and allele frequencies were calculated for the patients and the control group and the association between the gene polymorphisms and the size of aneurysms was analyzed. Results Significant differences were found in the genotype distribution for eNOS G-894T polymorphism between the patient and control groups. The GG genotype was associated with a higher risk of intracranial aneurysm than GT+TT genotype (OR:1.897, 95%CI: 1.023-3.519, P=0.04). The patients with intracranial aneurysms had a significantly higher eNOS T-786C C allele frequency than the control group. The C allele was associated with a higher risk of intracranial aneurysm than T allele (OR:2.116, 95%CI:1.073-4.151, P=0.030). No significant association was found between the eNOS polymorphisms and the size of aneurysms. Conclusion eNOS gene may be involved in the occurrence and development of intracranial aneurysms.