Objective:To conduct a comparative analysis of the radiation damage to zebrafish embryos and the associated biological mechanism after ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) and conventional dose rate irradiation.Methods:Zebrafish embryos at 4 h post-fertilization were exposed to conventional and FLASH irradiation (9 MeV electron beam). The mortality and hatchability of zebrafish after radiation exposure were recorded. Larvae at 96 h post-irradiation underwent morphological scoring, testing of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and analysis of changes in oxidative stress indicators.Results:Electron beam irradiation at doses of 2-12 Gy exerted subtle effects on the mortality and hatchability of zebrafish embryos. However, single high-dose irradiation (≥ 6 Gy) could lead to developmental malformation of larvae, with conventional irradiation showing the most significant effects ( t = 0.87-9.75, P < 0.05). In contrast, after FLASH irradiation (≥ 6 Gy), the ROS levels in zebrafish and its oxidative stress indicators including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly reduced ( t = 0.42-15.19, P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in ROS levels in incubating solutions after conventional and FLASH irradiation ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:Compared to conventional irradiation, FLASH irradiation can reduce radiation damage to zebrafish embryos, and this is in a dose-dependent manner. The two irradiation modes lead to different oxidative stress levels in zebrafish, which might be a significant factor in the reduction of radiation damage with FLASH irradiation.

Objective:To explore the effects of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine nursing based on emotional nursing on infertile patients with obese polycystic ovary syndrome (ob-PCOS) .Methods:Totally 80 infertile patients with ob-PCOS admitted at the Department of Reproductive Medicine of Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University were selected by convenient sampling and divided into a control group and an intervention group according to the random number table, with 40 patients in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing, while patients in the intervention group underwent integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine nursing based on emotional nursing. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to compare the negative emotion between the two groups, and the Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOL-74) was utilized to compare the body weight, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage of the two groups of patients.Results:After the intervention, the SAS and SDS scores of the two groups were lower than those before the intervention ( P<0.05) , and the intervention group was lower than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The scores of each dimension of GQOL-74 in the two groups were higher than those before the intervention ( P<0.05) , and the scores in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The body weight, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage of the intervention group were lower than those before the intervention ( P<0.05) , and were lower than those of the control group, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine nursing based on emotional nursing can amiloride the negative emotion of infertile patients with ob-PCOS and improve their body weight, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat percentage, and quality of life.

Objective:To investigate the effect of miR-425-5p on glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) secretion in intestinal L cells induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS), and to explore its mechanism.Methods:GLUTag cells of intestinal L cell line were incubated with LPS to determine the levels of miR-425-5p and GLP-1. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Quantitative real time-PCR and western blot were performed to determine the expressions of miR-425-5p, phosphatase and tensin homology(PTEN), proglucagon, and GLP-1. Activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was determined by detecting TOP/FOP ratio. Interaction among miR-425-5p, PTEN, and β-catenin was analyzed using luciferase activity assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP)assay.Results:In GLUTag cells, with the elevation of LPS concentration, the expression of miR-425-5p and the apoptosis rate were increased, while the level of active GLP-1 and the cell viability were decreased. MiR-425-5p was involved in the regulation of LPS on GLP-1 secretion and intestinal L cell viability. Inhibition of miR-425-5p reduced the mRNA expression of proglucagon and the TOP/FOP ratio, increased PTEN protein level, and inhibited cell viability. In LPS-treated GLUTag cells, miR-425-5p increased the level of β-catenin by targeting PTEN, and β-catenin acted as a cis-acting element to induce the transcription of proglucagon and promote the secretion of GLP-1.Conclusion:In LPS-induced intestinal L cells, miR-425-5p promotes the expression of GLP-1 by targeting PTEN to modulate β-catenin.

Objective:To analyze the distribution characteristics of peripheral retinopathy in Chinese patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods:A cross-sectional study. From January to December 2019, 265 cases of 388 eyes of DR patients diagnosed in the eye examination of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital were included in the study. Among them, there were 211 eyes in 148 males and 177 eyes in 117 females; the average age was 58.4±12.3 years. Ultra-wide-angle fundus imaging (UWF) examination was performed by Daytona in Aalborg, UK. Use Photoshop to simulate the standard 7-azimuth (S7F) area, which was used as the central retinal area 1-7. The peripheral retinal areas 3-7 (P3-P7) were the adjacent peripheral retinal areas of the central retinal area 3-7, respectively. Divided DR into peripheral lesion predominant type (PPL) and central lesion predominant type (PCL). PPL was defined as at least one peripheral retinal area with more severe disease than its adjacent central area. χ 2 test was performed on the difference of PPL composition ratio in each retinal area of eyes with different DR stages. Results:Among 388 eyes, 200 eyes were PPL (51.5%, 200/388). Compared of PPL composition ratios of eyes with different stages of DR, mild non-proliferative DR (NPDR), moderate NPDR, severe NPDR and proliferative DR were 32 (36.8%, 32/87), 89 (55.3%, 89/161)), 42 (51.9%, 42/81), 37 (62.6%, 37/59), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=11.440, P=0.010). Comparison of the distribution of PPL in each retinal area in DR eyes: in 200 PPL eyes, areas 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 have 87, 101, 78, 67, and 38 eyes, respectively. The distribution of PPL in each retinal area in DR eyes was compared, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=37.640, P<0.001). Conclusions:PPL accounts for 51.5% of the eyes with DR. The DR stage are more severe, the proportion of PPL is higher. The temporal retinal peripheral lesions are the most common.

The thalamostriatal pathway is implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD); however, PD-related changes in the relationship between oscillatory activity in the centromedian-parafascicular complex (CM/Pf, or the Pf in rodents) and the dorsal striatum (DS) remain unclear. Therefore, we simultaneously recorded local field potentials (LFPs) in both the Pf and DS of hemiparkinsonian and control rats during epochs of rest or treadmill walking. The dopamine-lesioned rats showed increased LFP power in the beta band (12 Hz-35 Hz) in the Pf and DS during both epochs, but decreased LFP power in the delta (0.5 Hz-3 Hz) band in the Pf during rest epochs and in the DS during both epochs, compared to control rats. In addition, exaggerated low gamma (35 Hz-70 Hz) oscillations after dopamine loss were restricted to the Pf regardless of the behavioral state. Furthermore, enhanced synchronization of LFP oscillations was found between the Pf and DS after the dopamine lesion. Significant increases occurred in the mean coherence in both theta (3 Hz-7 Hz) and beta bands, and a significant increase was also noted in the phase coherence in the beta band between the Pf and DS during rest epochs. During the treadmill walking epochs, significant increases were found in both the alpha (7 Hz-12 Hz) and beta bands for two coherence measures. Collectively, dramatic changes in the relative LFP power and coherence in the thalamostriatal pathway may underlie the dysfunction of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical network circuits in PD, contributing to some of the motor and non-motor symptoms of the disease.
Animals ; Brain Waves ; physiology ; Corpus Striatum ; physiopathology ; Cortical Synchronization ; physiology ; Dopaminergic Neurons ; physiology ; Electrocorticography ; Male ; Neural Pathways ; physiopathology ; Oxidopamine ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; physiopathology ; Rats, Wistar ; Thalamic Nuclei ; physiopathology ; Walking ; physiology

Objective:To understand the oral health status of urban and rural residents in China,the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey (FNOHES) was conducted in 2015.Materials and methods:Based on the principles of multi-stage,stratified,equal capacity,and random sampling,the subjects included five groups of residents aged 3-5,12-15,35-44,55-64,and 65-74 years in all 31 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions except Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan.The total sample size was 172,425.The survey covered two areas,namely oral health status and knowledge,attitude and oral health behavior.Results:Residents in China had serious caries and poor periodontal condition.The prevalence of caries was above 50％ in all age groups,subjects without periodontal disease accounted for ＜50％,and fewer than 50％ of subjects brushed their teeth twice a day.Based on the results of the FNOHES,the following suggestions were proposed for improving the oral health in China in the future:to establish and improve the comprehensive prevention and control system for oral diseases,implement a comprehensive prevention and control strategy for priority groups,strengthen the oral health education for all people to improve oral health literacy,enhance dynamic monitoring to scientifically evaluate oral health status,and coordinate multi-party resources to establish and improve the oral health service security system.Conclusion:The oral health status of Chinese residents and their oral health behavior habits need to be improved.With the support of the administrative departments of the government and unremitting efforts of the oral health staff,all sectors of society must be coordinated to strengthen oral health education for the whole population.Furthermore,comprehensive prevention and control measures must be implemented for priority groups.

Objective To study the effect of dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH23390 on the behavior of parkinsonian (PD) rats and on electrophysiological characteristics of the entopeduncular nucleus (EP).Methods Intracranial injection of 6-OHDA was conducted in 23 adult male Wistar rats to create PD animal models (experimental group) while the same amount of normal saline was injected in another 19 rats as a control group.(1) After intraperitoneal injection of SCH23390 at various concentrations of 0.010,0.015,0.020,0.025 and 0.030 mg/kg,the step frequency and the discontinuous moving frequency tests were carried out to determine the optimal concentration and time of intervention at 6 time points (10 main before,and 5～15,20～30,30～40,40～50 and 68～78 min after intervention) when all the rats were put on a treadmill at a speed of 8 r/min.(2) After recording electrodes were implanted into the EP in the rats,the signals of spikes in the EP in still and movement conditions were recorded simultaneously using the 16-Channel OmniPlex Neural Data Acquisition System.The spike signals collected were imported into Offiine Sorter to do cluster-sorting analysis and then into NeuroExplorer to analyze alterations in the firing pattern and firing rate of each type of neuron.(3) Frozen sections of the brain samples harvested by perfusion from the rats in the 2 groups were subjected to Nissl's staining and histological assay.Results (1) The behavioral tests showed that intraperitoneal injection of SCH23390 at 0.020 mg/kg at time points of 20～30 min and 30～40 min was optimal.The step frequency for the experimental group (24.47±1.35 step/min) was significantly decreased compared with that for the control group (30.77±2.06 step/min) (t=7.392,P=0.000).(2) After intervention by SCH23390,in movement and still conditions,the firing rate and variation coefficient of EP neurons were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P＜0.05).(3) The Nissl's staining showed a small number of lightly stained neurons were sparsely disposed in the injured cerebral substantia nigra and the histological assay found altogether 14 rats from which correct EP sites were collected.Conclusions This study demonstrated a negative regulating effect of dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH23390 on the behavior of PD rats,which may be exerted by changing the electrophysiological activity of EP.

Objective To explore the association,consistency and complications prognostic value of thromboelastography and conventional coagulation tests in detecting coagulation function of antiplatelet after endovascular treatments in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods A retrospective cohort survey of 240 patients,admitted to our hospital from September 2012 to December 2017,was performed.All acute ischemic stroke patients accepted coagulation function monitoring 5 d after aspirin and clopidogrel and endovascular treatments by thromboelastography (R time,K time,α angle,maximum amplitude [MA]) and routine coagulation tests (prothrombin time [PT],activated partial thromboplastin time [APTT],fibrinogen [FIB],international normalized ratio [INR],blood platelet count).The association,consistency,and sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value of complications prognostic value of thromboelastography and conventional coagulation tests were analyzed.Results (1) R time and APTT,K time and APTT,α angle and FIB,and α angle and PLT were positively correlated;K time and FIB,R time and PLT,and α angle and APTT were negatively correlated.(2) R time and APTT (κ=0.266,P=0.000),K time and APTT (κ=0.134,P=0.024),and α angle and FIB (κ=0.162,P=0.007) had agreement in identifying hypercoagulability;R time and APTT (κ=0.211,P=0.001),K time and APTT (κ=0.198,P=0.002),and blood platelet count and K (κ=0.388,P=0.000),and α angle and PLT (κ=0.099,P=0.041) had agreement in identifying hypocoagulability.(3) The sensitivity of thromboelastography and routine coagulation tests in identifying early neurological deterioration was 17.65％ and 58.82％,and the sensitivity in identifying symptomatic hemorrhages by thromboelastography and routine coagulation tests was 73.68％ and 47.39％.Conclusions Some parameters has correlations in peroperative period,and has agreement in identifying hypercoagulability and hypocoagulability.Accordingly,routine coagulation tests might be superior in evaluating early neurological deterioration,and thromboelastography might be superior in evaluating symptomatic hemorrhages in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Prior to implantation, the blastocyst has to hatch out of its zona pellucida to invade the endometrium .In mammals including humans , failure of blastocyst hatching leads to infertility .Blastocyst hatching is believed to be regulated by a variety of autocrine and paracrine molecules such as proteases , cyclooxygenase-2, p38 mitogen-activated protein ki-nase, activin A and Wnt signal pathway .This article reviews the mechanisms of the key molecular regulators involved in mammalian blastocyst hatching and hatching-assisting methods , which can help clarify the mechanism of blastocyst hatching and the treatment of infertility due to failure in blastocyst hatching .

Objective To investigate the protective effect and the possible mechanism of Wenshen Shengjing Decoction (WSSJD)(including Cornu Cervi Nippon Parvum , Panax ginseng, Cynomorium songaricum, Cistanche deserticola,Radix Astragali, Epimedium brevicornum, Angelica sinensis.) on cyclophosphamide induced testicular oxidative damage in mice . Methods Eight-week-old male Kunming mice were assigned .Mice in normal control group received intraperitoneally nor-mal saline, and mice in Western medicine group ,WSSJD group and model group were injected intraperitoneally with cyclo-phosphamide [80 mg/(kg? d) ]for five days.Then mice in Western medicine group and WSSJD group were gavaged with clomifene citrate or WSSJD for 30 days consecutively .The epididymal sperm count and sperm viability were recorded , and the structure of seminiferous epithelium was observed .The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), and activities of glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) and catalase ( CAT) in testicular tissue were detected .Immunohisto-chemical technique was used to detect the expression of survivin in spermatogenic cells .The apoptosis of spermatogenic cells in the testes was detected by TUNEL assay .Results Compared with model and Western medicine groups ,the epidid-ymal sperm count and sperm viability rate , the development of seminiferous epithelium , and the activities of GSH-Px and CAT significantly increased , while the MDA content significantly decreased in WSSJD group .The expression of survivin in spermatogenic cells was significantly improved .The apoptotic indexes of seminiferous tubules and spermatogenic cells significantly decreased in WSSJD group .Conclusion These results suggest that WSSJD can significantly improve the impaired reproductive function induced by cyclophospamide in mice by enhancing the antioxidative capability in testes and reducing the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells .