Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of Atractylodes macrocephala in the treatment of Ulcerative colitis(UC)based on network pharmacology,and verify it with animal experiments.Methods The active components of Atractylodes macrocephala was screened from the TCMSP database,the TCM-ID database,and in combination with relevant references,and the corresponding targets were obtained through Swiss database.The relevant targets of UC were obtained from GeneCards database,construct the"drug-component-target-disease"network diagram and"pathway-active ingredient-target"network diagram and draw PPI network diagram;GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG signal pathway annotation analysis were carried out.Autodock software is used for molecular docking of active components and targets.Then,the experimental validation of the network pharmacology prediction was carried out.The mouse UC model was induced by dextran sodium sulfate(DSS).The pathological changes of the colon tissue,the number of goblet cells,and the positive expression of inflammatory factorswere detected by HE staining,AB-PAS staining and immunohistochemistry in colon tissue of UC mice.Results The results have shown 30 active ingredients including atractylolactone I,II and III were screened,and 591 corresponding targets were obtained,of which the key target was IL-1β、TNF-α and so on.Molecular docking show that the core components had good binding affinity with the key targets.And the results of animal experiments showed that the alcohol extract of Atractylodes macrocephala could significantly increase the colon length,reduce the DAI score,improve the pathological changes of colon tissue of UC mice,increase the number of goblet cells,and inhibit the expression of IL-1β,TNF-α in colon tissue.Conclusion This study indicated that Atractylodes macrocephala could regulate the release of inflammatory factors through multiple components,multi-target and multi-channel,which could inhibit inflammatory reaction and play a role in improving UC.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infections among children in China from 2016 to 2021, so as to provide insights into enterobiasis control and formulation of the enterobiasis control strategy among children. Methods Publications pertaining to the prevalence of E. vermicularis infections among children were retrieved from Wanfang Data, CNKI, VIP and PubMed databases published from January 2016 to June 2023. Eligible publications were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the publication bias was evaluated using the assessment tool for prevalence studies proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Practice Resources in Australia. The study period, study areas, study subjects, sample size and number of infections were extracted from publications, and a pooled analysis was performed using a meta-analysis. A meta-regression analysis was performed with the prevalence of E. vermicularis infections as an independent variable, and sample size, source of samples, study area, study method, geographical area and province as dependent variables to identify the source of the study heterogeneity. Results A total of 66 studies were included, covering 23 provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions) in China, and with the investigations conducted between 2016 and 2021. Meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was 4.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): (3.1%, 6.0%)] among children in China from 2016 to 2021, and the annual prevalence was 4.1% [95% CI: (2.2%, 6.5%)], 4.2% [95% CI: (2.4%, 6.6%)], 4.2% [95% CI: (2.2%, 6.8%)], 3.2% [95% CI: (1.5%, 5.4%)], 2.3% [95% CI: (0.9%, 4.3%)] and 1.1% [95% CI: (0.4%, 2.1%)] from 2016 to 2021. The pooled prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was 4.9% [95% CI: (3.4%, 6.8%)] in studies with a sample size of < 5 000 cases, which was higher than that in studies with a sample size of 5 000 cases and higher [2.1%, 95% CI: (0.2%, 3.6%)], and the pooled prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was 5.2% [95% CI: (2.9%, 8.2%)] among subjects from schools, which was higher than that among subjects from communities [4.2%, 95% CI: (2.7%, 6.0%)]. The pooled prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was 4.4% [95% CI: (2.8%, 6.2%)] among children included in comprehensive surveillance, which was higher than that among children included in specific surveillance [4.8%, 95% CI: (2.6%, 7.7%)], and the pooled prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was 5.7% [95% CI: (3.8%, 7.8%)] among children included in county-level surveys, which was higher than that among children included in city-[4.8%, 95% CI: (2.3%, 8.0%)] and province-level surveys [1.8%, 95% CI: (0.3%, 4.7%)]. In addition, the pooled prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was higher among children in southern China [11.3%, 95% CI: (7.5%, 15.7%)] than that in central China [5.2%, 95% CI: (2.8%, 8.2%)], eastern China [5.2%, 95% CI: (2.8%, 8.2%)] and southwestern China [2.6%, 95% CI: (1.4%, 4.1%)]. Meta-regression analysis identified geographical area and survey province as factors affecting the study heterogeneity. Conclusions Currently, the overall prevalence of E. vermicularis infections is moderate among children in China, and the prevalence varies greatly in regions, with a high prevalence rate in southern China and presence of small-scale clusters. Enterobiasis surveillance and health education pertaining to enterobiasis control are required with adaptations to local circumstance to reduce the prevalence of E. vermicularis infections among children.

Objective: To evaluate our replantation and functional reconstruction of amputated lower extremities. Methods: From February 2013 to October 2017, 13 patients with an amputated lower extremity were treated at Orthopaedic Department, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force. They were 10 males and 3 females, aged from 15 to 63 years (average, 39 years). In all the patients, large segmental shortening and extremity replantation was conducted at the first stage and Ilizarov extremity lengthening at the secondary stage. After desired extension was achieved, the frame of Ilizarov external fixator was removed and replaced by external fixation with a locking plate under closed reduction. Postoperatively, functions of the knee and ankle joints, sensory recovery of the foot sole, length and appearance of the extremity were observed. Results: All the 13 patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months (average, 16 months). All the limb replants survived well. Of them, 12 were satisfied with their weight-bearing walking and therapeutic outcomes. Conclusions For an amputated lower extremity, the first-stage shortening and replantation can result in fine extremity salvage and the secondary Ilizarov extremity lengthening can lead to fine therapeutic outcomes.

The growth of solid tumors is dependent on new blood vessels generated from existed ones,that is tumor angiogenesis.Much material consumption is required in the invasion and metastasis of malignant tumors,to meet the own needs of oxygen and nutrients and remove the metabolic wastes from them,tumor cells will generate new vasculature through different ways.Vasculogenic mimicry is a kind of angiogenesis dominated by tumor cells,it is one style of vascular pattern that is different from traditional endothelial cells pattern.Vasculogenic mimicry plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of tumors.This article will review the relationship between vasculogenic mimicry and tumor invasion and metastasis,tumor angiogenesis,and related signaling pathways.

Objective: To study the genome molecular characteristics of Getah virus (SC1210) which isolated in Sichuan province in 2012. Methods: Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to identify the isolate and the genome was sequenced by the second Ion Torrent PGM. Computer softwares, including Mega Align and Mega 6, were used to analyze the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence, and draw phylogenetic trees. Results: SC1210 was identified as Getah virus. The full genome sequence was 11 690nt, the nucleotide and amino acid homology of the full sequence with other strains were 99.2%-99.7% and 96.5%-99.4%.The capsid protein of SC1210 consisting of 804 nucleotides, encoding 268 amino acids and the full-length of E2 protein, had 1 266 nucleotides, encoding 422 amino acids. The nucleotide homology of the capsid protein and the E2 protein with other strains were 94.9%-99.2% and 94.6%-99.6%, and the amino acid were 97%-99.6% and 97.1%-99.5%. The 3′ UTR of the virus included 402 nucleotides and there were three repeat sequence elements and 19 nucleotides conservation sequence. Conclusions The first GETV isolate SC1210 in Sichuan province has a closer relationship with Yunnan strain YN040 and a far genetic relationship with MM2021.

Objective To explore a modified technique of perforator flap anatomical study,in an attempt to understand the vascular territory of the specific perforator vessel in flaps,and determined its application in posterior tibial artery perforator flaps.Methods From October,2013 to October,2014,6 corpse were used in this study.A full-thickness posterior tibial artery perforator flap was excised from the crus of a fresh adult corpse.The anatomical measurements were synchronized with the procedure.The isolated skin flaps were fixed in a frame made of silk screen and batten and subsequently photographed.In vitro skin flaps were divided into 3 groups:full-thickness,without deep fascia,and without subcutaneous adipose layer.The skin flaps were perfused with barium sulfate silicone,and photographed using mammography after coagulation of the silicone.The imaging data were processed by digital software system.Results The mean number of posterior tibial artery perforators in the lower medial leg was 4.17 ± 0.94.The projection points of perforated sites were located in the area 2-3 cm lateral to the A-C line.The proximal border was (4.51 ± 1.84)cm distal to the plane of tibial medial condyle;the distal border reached the medial malleolus plane;and the anterior and posterior borders reaching the anterior and posterior midline of the crus respectively.And according to the comparison of the 3 group processed images,vascular territory change could be obtained.And this could provid clinicians with reliable anatomical information,guiding the acquisition and trimming of perforator flaps.Conclusion The modified strategy intuitively indicated the blood vascular areas of different artery perforator flaps of varying thickness and the vascular branches as well as their courses.The approach is profoundly significant in guiding the acquisition of skin flaps and for the trimming and reconstruction of flaps.The deep fascia of posterior tibial artery perforator flaps plays a negligible role in the blood supply of flaps.Furthermore,the subcutaneous adipose tissues in the distal portion of flaps can be thinned appropriately,with limited vascular consequences.

BACKGROUND:Traumatic soft tissue defects of the limbs are usual y accompanied with the exposure of tendon, joint capsule, bone or internal fixator, which can be reconstructed by skin flap. Previous research has shown that it is an important method to repair traumatic tissue defects with flaps. However, rarely research reports perioperative management about flap bed so far. OBJECTIVE:To explore the perioperative strategy for repairing traumatic soft tissue defects with revascularized flaps. METHODS:Total y 94 cases undergoing secondary skin flap repair were enrol ed. Intraoperative debridement using tourniquet was performed, and the wound was washed with mass of physiological saline. Whether the tissues, including bone, tendon, joint capsule and internal fixator, were reserved or not depended on their viability, and then the flaps were harvested to repair defects, and drainage was placed properly at last. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The flaps survived in al cases. Exudation occurred in 5 cases with the exposure of bone, and 28 cases with the exposure of tendon or joint capsule healed normal y. No complications were associated with the reservation of the internal fixators, but delayed-union occurred in three cases and nonunion in one case. These findings indicate that the perioperative treatment of the application of skin flap is worthy of attention. Careful debridement, advisable choice of the flap, efficient drainage and using antibiotic normatively are al keys. Treatment of the bone, tendon, joint capsule and internal fixator which are exposed should not only weigh the advantage and disadvantage, but also relax the indication of reserving them.

Objective To optimize the extraction process of Euphorbia hirta L.by Central composite design/response surface methodology with ethanol by the ultrasonic extraction technology.Methods Based on the single factor experiment and central composite design-response surface methodology,the content of quercitroside was regarded as evaluation index,select ethanol concentration,extraction time,and solid-liquid ratio as three evaluation factors to achieve the purpose. Results The results indicated that the optimal extraction process was obtained as follows:10 times the amount of 60% ethanol under ultrasound for 2 times,50 min each;the average content of the quercitroside was 2.39 mg/g.Conclusion The method to optimize the extraction process is simple and reasonable.

Objective To study clinical outcomes of cross-leg fibula flap for difficult reconstruction of an extensive injury in the lower extremity,which included large soft-tissue defects and long infected bone and tibia defects combined with vascular injury.Methods From September 2004 to September 2008,8 cases with an extensive injury in the lower extremity,which included large soft-tissue defects and long infected bone and tibia defects with vascular injury,were retrospectively analyzed,including 6 males and 2 females with an average age of 36 years (range,19-55 years).The course of disease ranged from 2 weeks to 3 months (average,2 months).The bone defect length ranged from 8 to 20 cm (average,13 cm),and the skin defect area varied from 10 cm×7 cm to 22 cm×12 cm.After thorough debridement,cross-leg fibula flap was used to repair the tibial defect and concomitant soft tissue defect.The pedicles were divided at 4-6 weeks after the initial surgery.The important technical considerations were outlined.Results All 8 patients were followed up for 6 to 36 months (average,24 months).The flaps survived in all 8 patients,and no infection and osteomyelitis happened.The flap transplantations healed at two weeks after operation with good shape.The fractures healed in all of patients with an average period of 11 months (range,6-15 months).All of patients recovered to walk without aid.According to Edwards classification of tibial fractures,4 cases were classified as good,2 as acceptable,and 2 as poor.Conclusion The cross-leg fibula flap is relatively simple,liable for the treatment of an extensive injury in the lower extremity.

Objective The anterior-lateral defect of foot that lost one of the three supporting point of foot can lead to collapse of the lateral longitudinal arch, overload of the first metatarsal heads, and painful callus formation. It is meaningful to investigate the effect of reconstructing the lateral forefoot defect with pedical fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap. Methods From March 1989 to June 2008, there were 38 patients with anterior-lateral defect of foot were constructed. The supporting point with the local distal based pedical fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap was constracted. Results All the 38 flaps survived. All 38 patients had been followed up from 6 months to 10 years (mean 23.5 months) postoperatively. The constructed supporting point of the foot was functional. The patients could walk freely with no pain, and was satisfied with the operation. Assessed with the rating system for foot and ankle established by the American Orthopaedic Foot And Anke Society, 8 patients got a score above 85, 23 patients between 75 to 85, 7 patients between 60 to 75. Conclusion It is effective that transferring local distal based pedical fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap to repair the anterior-lateral defect of foot.