OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of intensive pharmaceutical intervention led by clinical pharmacists on hypertension patients with medium and high risk of ischemic stroke. METHODS The hypertension outpatients with medium and high risk of ischemic stroke， who were assessed by the modified Framingham stroke scale in Zhengzhou People’s Hospital from Oct. 2019 to Apr. 2020， were randomly divided into control group and intervention group， with 200 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received conventional treatment without pharmaceutical intervention； on the basis of conventional treatment， patients in the intervention group received 12-month intensive pharmaceutical intervention （grading management of compliance+ regular follow-up， involving medication education and guidance， blood glucose， blood pressure， blood lipid management and healthy life guidance） provided by clinical pharmacists. The blood glucose indexes， blood lipid indexes， blood pressure compliance rate， medication compliance， 10-year stroke risk and stroke incidence were compared between two groups at baseline and 12 months after enrollment. RESULTS After 12 months of enrollment， the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） in intervention group was significantly lower than that in the same group at baseline， and the levels of fasting blood glucose， glycosylated hemoglobin， total cholesterol and LDL-C in intervention group were significantly lower than those in control group at the same time points （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The compliance rate of blood pressure and medication compliance in intervention group were significantly higher or better than those in control group （P＜0.01）. There were 12 and 15 patients in control group and intervention group turned into low-risk ones respectively， and the proportion of high-risk patients in intervention group was significantly lower than that in control group（P＜0.01）， while the proportion of medium-risk patients was significantly higher than that in control group（P＜0.05）； the incidence of stroke in intervention group was significantly lower than that in control group （1.0% vs. 4.5%， P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The pharmaceutical intensive intervention led by clinical pharmacists can reduce blood glucose and blood lipid levels of hypertensive outpatients， improve their blood pressure compliance rate and medication compliance， and help reduce the risk of stroke.

ObjectiveTo investigate the serum level of ceruloplasmin in patients with different stages and etiologies of liver diseases. MethodsA total of 1077 patients with liver diseases who were hospitalized in Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, from January 2012 to January 2018 were enrolled, and the serum level of ceruloplasmin was analyzed for the patients with different liver diseases. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the level of ceruloplasmin between the patients with virus-related liver diseases with different liver functional states, and a Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation of ceruloplasmin with other biomarkers. ResultsIn the Wilson’s disease group, 97.6% (41/42) of the patients had a serum ceruloplasmin level of ＜0.2 g/L and 881% (37/42) had a level of ＜0.1 g/L. In the non-Wilson’s disease group, 24.3% (251/1035) of the patients had a ceruloplasmin level of ＜0.2 g/L and 0.2% had a level of ＜0.1 g/L. There was a significant difference in the serum level of ceruloplasmin between the patients with virus-related liver diseases with different liver functional states, and the patients with chronic viral hepatitis, severe viral hepatitis, and viral hepatitis cirrhosis had a significantly lower level than those with acute viral hepatitis and virus-related liver cancer (P=0005, P＜0.001, P=0.001, P=0.027, P＜0.001, and P=0.001). In the patients without Wilson’s disease, serum ceruloplasmin was positively correlated with albumin and prealbumin (r=0.068 and 0.091, both P＜0.05) and was negatively correlated with prothrombin time (r=-0.297, P＜0.05). ConclusionCeruloplasmin often decreases significantly in patients with Wilson’s disease, with a slight reduction in patients with other types of liver diseases. For these patients, it should be determined whether the reduction in ceruloplasmin is caused by hepatocyte injury or the presence of Wilson’s disease.

Objective:To explore the clinical experience in care for deep neck infection (DNI) and to analyze the factors influencing surgical treatment outcome.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 61 patients with DNI admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital from March 2013 to April 2019, including 33 males and 28 females, aged from 6 months to 81 years with a median age of 49 years. Patients were divided into two groups, 31 cases with localized infection (neck abscess) in Group A and 30 cases with diffuse infection (neck necrotizing fasciitis) in Group B. Patients in two groups were compared for sex, age, hospital stay, diabetes, tracheostomy, drainage methods, mediastinal infection, and pathogenic bacteria. The influence of different drainage methods on hospital stay in Group A was analyzed. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:Of the 61 patients, 45 patients underwent surgical incision and drainage (21 cases in Group A and 24 cases in Group B), 23 patients underwent ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (UG-FNA) and catheter drainage (10 cases in Group A and 13 cases in Group B), and 7 patients in Group B were treated with both drainage methods. Pathogens were cultured in 31 cases (50.82%). There were significant differences in hospital stay, drainage method and mediastinal infection (χ 2 values were 26.890, 8.687 and 6.035, respectively, P<0.05), but no significant difference was found in sex, age, diabetes, tracheotomy and pathogenic bacteria (χ 2 values were 0.157, 3.685, 2.434, 3.631 and 0.807, respectively, P>0.05) between the two groups. There was no significant difference in hospital stay between two drainage methods in patients in Group A (χ 2=1.560, P>0.05). Conclusions:There were significant differences in hospital stay, drainage method and mediastinal infection between patients with localized infection and diffuse infection, as diffuse infection is often associated with serious complications. UG-FNA and catheter drainage is an optional method for the treatment of localized infection, with minimal invasion and no influence on hospital stay.

This article summarizes the status quo of continuing care for discharged orthopedic patients in China, reviews the models of continuing care in recent years, and looks forward to the development of continuing care. It summarizes the achievements and shortcomings of the development of continuing care in orthopedics in China in recent years with the hope that the development of continuing care can further improve patients＇ satisfaction, enhance the sense of responsibility of nursing staff, and drive the development of hospitals and departments.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) guided with endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 58 patients with rectal ENEs who underwent ESD from January 2011 to December 2015 in JiangSu Province Hospital.Manifestations of EUS, clinicopathological characteristics, proliferation activity grade, complete resection rate, complications and follow-up results of lesion were studied.Results Those treated by ESD included 58 patients with 64 lesions of rectal NENs.EUS results showed that 3 lesions originated from mucosa, 3 from muscularis mucosa and 58 from submucosa.A total of 34 lesions located within 5 cm from anus, 26 in 6-10 cm from anus and 4 more than 10 cm from anus.All 64 lesions were successfully treated by ESD.The mean maximum diameter of the lesions was 0.8 cm(0.2-3.5 cm), and the mean procedure time was 31 min(10-60 min).The complete resection rate was 93.8% (60/64).There were 4 patients with positive basal surgical margin, and two of them underwent additional surgery and two others were treated with argon plasma coagulation after rejecting surgery and ESD.Histological examination determined that 59 lesions were pathologic grade 1(G1) and 5 were pathologic grade 2(G2).Delayed bleeding occurred in 4 cases after ESD,which was managed by medicine in 1 case and endoscopic treatment in 3 cases.No perforation occurred after ESD.During a mean follow-up period of 22.9 months(3-48 months), no lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis was observed.Conclusion EUS is able to distinguish the origin of rectal NENs and aid determining the range and depth of ESD.ESD appears to be a safe, feasible and effective procedure for providing accurate histopathologica1 evaluations as well as curative treatments for rectal NENs limited to submucosa.

Objective To investigate the different distribution of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD8+T cells in the local immune microenvironment of mucosal malignant melanoma and cutaneous malignant melanoma, and analyze the relationship between the two indicators and the prognosis of patients. Methods Immunohistochemistry staining was used to assess the ex?pression of Foxp3+Tregs and CD8+T cells in tumor microenvironment of 58 patients with malignant melanoma. The correlation between two factors, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognosis were analyzed. Results There is no correlation be?tween the expression of Foxp3 and CD8. The number of Foxp3+Tregs was significantly higher in mucosa malignant melanoma than that in cutaneous malignant melanoma (t=2.648, P=0.011). The proportion of Foxp3highTregs was significantly higher in pa?tients with tumor diameter≥3 cm, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis than that in patients with tumor diameter<3 cm, no lymph node metastasis and no distant metastasis (P<0.05). In addition, in patients with ulceration that proportion was significantly higher in CD8high group than that in patients without ulceration (33.3%vs 5.9%, P<0.05). The median progres?sion-free surial (PFS) was 12 months in Foxp3high group, which was significantly longer than that of Foxp3low group (31 months, P<0.05). The median PFS was significantly higher in CD8high group (25 months) than that of CD8low group (12 months, P<0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that the median PFS was 7 months in Foxp3high CD8low group, which was significantly lower than that of Foxp3highCD8high group (25 months) and Foxp3lowCD8low group (18 months, P=0.003). Univariate analysis showed that median PFS was different in patients with different tumor location, different number of Foxp3+Treg, different number of CD8+T cells, and distant metastases. Conclusion The number of Tregs is closely associated with metastasis in patients with malig?nant melanoma. Compared with cutaneous malignant melanoma, our results indicate that the poor prognosis of mucosal malig?nant melanoma may be associated with the infiltration of more Tregs.

Humans ; Joint Diseases ; Ulna

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palatine Tonsil ; surgery ; Temporal Bone ; abnormalities ; surgery

Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Trachea ; surgery

Objective: To investigate the expression of TSLP in human lung cancer tissue and the correla-tion between TSLP expression and number of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Methods: The expression of TSLP mRNA and protein was detected in different pathological lesions of the lung by Q-RT-PCR and immunohisto-chemistry. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect Foxp3+ Tregs. The correlation of TSLP with the number of Tregs was analyzed. Results: TSLP gene was expressed in tumor tissues (n=37), latero-tumor tissues (n=29) and non-tumor lung tissues (n=24), without statistical difference (P=0.148). TSLP protein was expressed in the cytoplasm and was observeed in 69.57% of tumor tissues, 13.33% of benign lesions and 30.00% of non-tumor lung tissues, with a significant difference (P<0.05). The expression of TSLP protein was correlated with tumor size (P=0.000) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.018). The number of Tregs in TSLP positive group was more than that in TSLP negative group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The expression of TSLP in lung tu-mor tissues is increased and is correlated with the number of Tregs, indicating that TSLP could induce Treg to play an important role in tumor immunotolerance.