Objective:To discuss the effect of adipose-derived stem cell-derived exosomes(ADSC-Exos)on the migration ability of the macrophages RAW264.7,and to clarify its role in promoting function of the macrophages.Methods:The adipose tissue adjacent to epididymis of the SD rats was isolated to perform primary culture of the adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs).The adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation induction was conducted,and the multidirectional differentiation potential of the ADSCs was detected by oil Red O and Alizarin red staining.Western blotting and immunofluorescence methods were used to detect the positive expressions of the ADSCs markers CD29 and CD44;the ADSC-Exos were extracted by Exos isolation kit,and the morphology,size,and distribution of particle size of the ADSC-Exos were examined by transmission electron microscope and nanoparticle tracking analyzer;the expression levels of exosome-specific markers CD9 and TSG101 proteins in the ADSC-Exos were detected by Western blotting method;the uptake of ADSC-Exos by the macrophages was observed by tracing method.The macrophages RAW264.7 were divided into control group,10 mg·L-1 ADSC-Exos group,20 mg·L-1 ADSC-Exos group,and 40 mg·L-1 ADSC-Exos group.The activities of the macrophages in various groups were detected by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU)staining;the number of migration macrophages in various groups was detected by Transwell chamber assay;the adhesion of macrophages in various groups was observed by fluorescence microscope.Results:After 24 h of primary culture,the ADSCs adhered to the wall and exhibited scattered,elongated shapes;after 7 d of culture,the adherent cells showed a comb-like,vortex-like orderly arrangement,resembling fibroblasts;after 10 passages,the irregular morphology of the ADSCs and decreased proliferation rate were found.The isolated ADSCs showed potential for the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation,and the expressions of CD29 and CD44 proteins were positive.The transmission electron microscope observation resuls showed that the ADSC-Exos appeared disc-shaped,and the main peak of particle size distribution was around 132 nm.The CD9 and TSG101 proteins were positively expressed in the ADSC-Exos,indicating successful extraction.The fluorescence microscope results showed red fluorescence signals around the nuclei of the RAW264.7 cells,indicating the uptake of ADSC-Exos by the macrophages.Compared with control group,the rates of EdU positive cells in 10,20,and 40 mg·L-1 ADSC-Exos groups were significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with 10 mg·L-1 ADSC-Exos group,the rate of EdU positive cells in 20 mg·L-1 ADSC-Exos group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the numbers of migration cells in 10,20,and 40 mg·L-1 ADSC-Exos groups were significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with 10 mg·L-1 ADSC-Exos group,the numbers of migration cells in 20 and 40 mg·L-1 ADSC-Exos groups were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the numbers of the adherent macrophages in 10,20,and 40 mg·L-1 ADSC-Exos groups were significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with 10 mg·L-1 ADSC-Exos group,the number of adherent macrophages in 20 mg·L-1 ADSC-Exos group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:The ADSC-Exos can be internalized by the macrophages and they can enhance the migration ability of the macrophages by affecting the cell adhesion.

Objective To explore the application of nurse-performed point-of-care ultrasound in abdominal distension of ICU patients with enteral nutrition.Methods Purposive sampling method was used to select 108 patients with enteral nutrition abdominal distension admitted to the ICU of a tertiary A general hospital in Hefei City from January to December 2022,and they were divided into an experimental group and a control group according to random number table method.The experimental group used bedside ultrasound to evaluate the stomach,intestine and abdominal cavity of patients with abdominal distension,and implemented targeted treatment measures according to the evaluation results.The control group was given corresponding treatment measures according to the abdominal sight,touch,tapping,listening and traditional syringe withdrawal method.Intra-abdominal pressure,abdominal circumference,feeding compliance rate and feeding interruption rate,ICU stay time and mechanical ventilation time were compared at the 1st,3rd and 5th day.Results 11 cases dropped out of the study due to transfer,automatic discharge,death,etc.,and 97 cases were included 51 cases in the experimental group and 46 cases in the control group.Repeated measurement ANOVA showed that intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal circumference time in the 2 groups had interaction with each other(F=41.724,P＜0.001;F=17.762,P＜0.001).Generalised estimating equations showed that there was only a between-group effect for the rates of feeding compliance and feeding disruption in 2 groups(Wald y2=18.033,P＜0.001;Wald x2=6.567,P＜0.001).Simple effect analysis showed that on the 3rd and 5th day after intervention.The experimental group had lower abdominal depression and the feeding interruption rate was lower than the control group(P＜0.05).On the 5th day after interven-tion,the abdominal circumference of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group,the feeding compliance rate was higher than that of control group(P＜0.05).After intervention,in the experimental group,the mechanical ventilation time was shorter than that of the control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in ICU stay time between the 2 groups(P=0.095).Conclusion The application of nurse-performed point-of-care ultrasound in the management of abdominal distension in patients with enteral nutrition in ICU is feasible and scientific,which is helpful for the management of patients with enteral nutrition abdominal distension in ICU,reducing internal abdominal pressure,shortening mechanical ventilation time,and avoiding the occurrence of feeding intolerance.

Objective To investigate the status and molecular epidemiology of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection in the gathering area of Mongolian population in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. Methods A total of 230 patients with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) who attended Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Hospital from April 2019 to October 2020 were enrolled, and according to related information, they were divided into hepatitis B+liver cirrhosis group( n =18) and hepatitis B group( n =212). According to HBsAg quantification with a cut-off value of 250 IU/mL, the patients were divided into HBsAg < 250 IU/mL group( n =104) and HBsAg ≥250 IU/mL group( n =126). ELISA was used to detect HDV antibody, and quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure HDV RNA in patients with positive HDV antibody. Genotyping was performed for HDV RNA-positive samples. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. Results The positive rate of HDV antibody was 16.09%, and among the patients with positive HDV antibody, the positive rate of HDV RNA was 91.89%. Among the 18 patients with hepatitis B and liver cirrhosis, the positive rate of HDV antibody was 44.44%, and among the patients with positive HDV antibody, the positive rate of HDV RNA was 100%. There were 104 patients with HBsAg < 250 IU/mL, among whom only 3 patients (2.88%) were positive for hepatitis D antibody, and there were 126 patients with HBsAg ≥250 IU/mL, with a positive rate of HDV antibody of 26.98%. Genotype 1 was observed in all the samples that could be genotyped. Conclusion There is a relatively high infection rate of HDV in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, especially in patients with HBsAg ≥250 IU/mL or those with liver cirrhosis. It is necessary to strengthen the detection of hepatitis D in HBsAg-positive patients and perform early diagnosis and treatment to prevent the further progression of hepatitis.

Based on the concept of empowerment theory and innovation behavior, this paper summarizes the status quo of the impact of empowerment theory on nurses′ innovative behavior, analyzes the essence and influencing factors of innovation behavior of nurses according to the elements of empowerment theory, analyze the empowerment theory and nurses′ individual innovation behavior scale, and puts forward the feedback mechanism of empowerment theory. In order to further improve the innovative behavior of nurses by applying the empowerment theory management mode, it is helpful for nursing managers to train nursing talents by using empowerment theory.

Objective:To monitor and evaluate in vivo dose changes of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients with cervical cancer in a real-time manner. Methods:Twelve patients with cervical cancer admitted to our hospital were enrolled in this study. The in vivo doses were monitored by PerFRACTION?. Electronic portal imaging device (EPID) were collected in each treatment fraction for two-dimensional in vivo dose verification[γ index and dose difference (DD) index]. Log files were recorded for three-dimensional in vivo dose verification (γ index). The correlation between in vivo dose and treatment duration was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results:A total of 206 sets of EPID images and corresponding Log files were collected. The three-dimensional in vivo dose verification γ 1%/1mm of all patients was not correlated with treatment fraction ( P>0.05). Among them, the absolute difference of γ 1%/1mm of 94.66% fractions was< 1%. The mean DD 3% of two-dimensional in vivo dose verification of all patients was negatively correlated with treatment fraction ( P<0.05). Among which, the average γ 3%/3mm of 9 patients was>89% in the treatment fractions, and the average γ 3%/3mm of 98.57% fractions of these 9 patients was>93%. The other 3 patients had an average γ 3%/3mm ranged from 38% to 100%. CBCT images showed that the bladder volume of these 3 patients was significantly decreased with the relative changes by 82.08%, 84.41% and 73.59%, respectively, and the target area was retracted significantly with the relative changes by 38.12%, 59.79% and 24.46%, respectively. Conclusion:Combined with γ index and DD index, PerFRACTION? can monitor the mechanical stability of accelerator and MU delivery accuracy during treatment fractions, and monitor the changes of in vivo dose in patients with cervical cancer, which can improve the safety and quality assurance of IMRT for cervical cancer patients and provide guidance for patients with adaptive radiotherapy.

This paper tries to review the concepts and assessment tools of psychological empowerment, job satisfaction and willingness to stay as well as the interaction between the three form the perspective of psychological empowerment, aiming to elevate the level of psychological empowerment and job satisfaction of nurses, improve their stay rate, and provide new ideas for the nursing industry in China to increase the willingness of nurses to stay.

Objective: To understand the level of compassion satisfaction of medical oncology nurses and to explore the mediating effect of resilience in the relationship between empathy ability and compassion satisfaction of medical oncology nurses, and to investigate the moderating effect of social support in this mediating role. Methods: A total of 291 medical oncology nurses from 7 general hospitals in Dalian were measured with self-made general questionnaire, professional quality of life scale, Chinese version of Jefferson empathy scale, perceived social support scale and Ego-Resiliency Scale. Results: The scores of compassion satisfaction of medical oncology nurses was (34.79±5.87).Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between empathy, resilience, social support and compassion satisfaction (r=0.222-0.402, P<0.01). Resilience partially mediated the relationship between empathy ability and compassion satisfaction, the value of mediating effect was 23.1% of the total effect. The effect of resilience and compassion satisfaction among medical oncology nurses was also moderated by social support, that is, social support regulates the latter half of the process of empathy, resilience and compassion satisfaction. The higher the level of social support, the stronger the mediating effect of empathy through resilience on compassion satisfaction. Conclusions The level of compassion satisfaction of medical oncology nurses in Dalian is low and needs to be improved. The are close relationships among empathy ability, resilience, social support and compassion satisfaction. It is a moderated mediating effect model. It is suggested that managers should pay attention to the role of psychological resilience and provide high-level social support to improve the level of compassion satisfaction of medical oncology nurses.

Objective: To verify the safety and efficacy of IONTRIS particle therapy system (IONTRIS) in clinical implementation. Methods: Between 6.2014 and 8.2014, a total of 35 patients were enrolled into this trial: 31 males and 4 females with a median age of 69 yrs (range 39-80). Ten patients had locally recurrent head and neck tumors after surgery, 4 cases with thoracic malignancies, 1 case with hepatocellular carcinoma, 1 case with retroperitoneal sarcoma, and 19 cases with non-metastatic prostate carcinomas. Phantom dose verification was mandatory for each field before the start of radiation. Results: Twenty-two patients received carbon ion and 13 had proton irradiation. With a median follow-up time of 1 year, all patients were alive. Among the 16 patients with head and neck, thoracic, and abdominal/pelvic tumors, 2, 1, 12, and 1 cases developed complete response, partial response, stable disease, or disease progression, respectively. Progression-free survival rate was 93.8% (15/16). Among the 19 patients with prostate cancer, biological-recurrence free survival was 100%. Particle therapy was well tolerated in all 35 patients. Twenty-five patients (71.4%) experienced 33 grade 1 acute adverse effects, which subsided at 1 year follow-up. Six (17.1%) patients developed grade 1 late adverse effects. No significant change in ECOG or body weight was observed. Conclusions IONTRIS is safe and effective for clinical use. However, long term follow-up is needed to observe the late toxicity and long term result.

Foodborne disease is one of the most important public health issues worldwide. China faces various and unprecedented challenges in all aspects of the food chain. Data from laboratory-based foodborne disease surveillance systems from 2013 to 2016, as well as different regions and ages, can be found along with differences in the patterns of pathogens detected with diverse characteristics. Vibrio parahaemolyticus has been the leading cause of infectious diarrhea in China, especially among adults in coastal regions. Salmonella has been a serious and widely distributed pathogen responsible for substantial socioeconomic burden. Shigella was mostly identified in Northwest China and the inland province (Henan) with less-developed regions among children under 5 years. Data from foodborne disease outbreak reporting system from 2011 to 2016 showed that poisonous animals and plant factors responsible for most deaths were poisonous mushrooms (54.7%) in remote districts in southwest regions. The biological hazard that caused most cases reported (42.3%) was attributed to V. parahaemolyticus, the leading cause of foodborne outbreaks. In this review, we summarize the recent monitoring approach to foodborne diseases in China and compare the results with those in developed countries.
Bacteria ; classification ; isolation & purification ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Food Microbiology ; Foodborne Diseases ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Laboratories ; Mushroom Poisoning ; epidemiology ; Population Surveillance ; Public Health

Objective To verify the safety and efficacy of IONTRIS particle therapy system ( IONTRIS) in clinical implementation. Methods Between 6.2014 and 8.2014, a total of 35 patients were enrolled into this trial:31 males and 4 females with a median age of 69 yrs ( range 39?80) . Ten patients had locally recurrent head and neck tumors after surgery, 4 cases with thoracic malignancies, 1 case with hepatocellular carcinoma, 1 case with retroperitoneal sarcoma, and 19 cases with non?metastatic prostate carcinomas. Phantom dose verification was mandatory for each field before the start of radiation. Results Twenty?two patients received carbon ion and 13 had proton irradiation. With a median follow?up time of 1 year, all patients were alive. Among the 16 patients with head and neck, thoracic, and abdominal/pelvic tumors, 2, 1, 12, and 1 cases developed complete response, partial response, stable disease, or disease progression, respectively. Progression?free survival rate was 93.8％ (15/16). Among the 19 patients with prostate cancer, biological?recurrence free survival was 100％. Particle therapy was well tolerated in all 35 patients. Twenty?five patients (71.4％) experienced 33 grade 1 acute adverse effects, which subsided at 1 year follow?up. Six ( 17.1％) patients developed grade 1 late adverse effects. No significant change in ECOG or body weight was observed. Conclusions IONTRIS is safe and effective for clinical use. However, long term follow?up is needed to observe the late toxicity and long term result.