Objective To study the effect of leucine rich repeat kinase 2(LRRK2)on pain sensitivity in neuro-pathic pain(NP)rats and explore its possible mechanism.Methods 48 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:sham surgery(Sham),model,LRRK2 inhibitor(MLi-2),and LRRK2 inhibitor+p3 8 mitogen activated pro-tein kinase(MAPK)agonist(MLi-2+Anisomycin),with 12 rats in each group.The NP rat model was induced by chronic constriction injury(CCI)of the sciatic nerve.Intrathecal injection of MLi-2(1 mg/kg,10 μl)or Anisomy-cin(20 μmol/L,10 μl)was started from the 8th day after surgery,once a day for 7 consecutive days.Pain sensi-tivity tests were conducted before surgery(day 0)and on postoperative days 7 and 14,respectively.The changes in mechanical withdrawal threshold(MWT)and paw withdraw thermal latency(PWTL)were analyzed in each group of rats.ELISA was used to detect the levels of interleukin-1 β(IL-1β),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord.Nissl staining was used to observe the pathological changes of neurons in rat spinal cord tissue.Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the expression levels of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1(Iba-1),a marker of microglia in the spinal cord of rats.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of LRRK2,p-p38 mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK),p38 MAPK,and Iba-1 in the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord.Results Compared with the sham group,the model group showed a significant decrease in MWT and PWTL in the right hind limb of rats(P＜0.01).The levels of IL-1,IL-6,and TNF in the spi-nal dorsal horn tissue,as well as the expression levels of LRRK2,Iba-1 proteins and p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK pro-tein ratio significantly increased(P＜0.01).The proportion of Iba-1 positive cells in the spinal cord tissue signifi-cantly increased(P＜0.01),while Nissl bodies were significantly reduced(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the MLi-2 group showed a significant increase in MWT and PWTL in the right hind limb of rats(P＜0.01),a significant increase in Nissl bodies(P＜0.01),a significant decrease in the proportion of Iba-1 positive cells in the spinal cord tissue(P＜0.01),and a significant decrease in the levels of IL-1,IL-6,and TNF and the expression levels of LRRK2,Iba-1 proteins and p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK protein ratio(P＜0.01).However,Anisomychin in-tervention could activate the p38 MAPK signaling pathway and partially reverse the beneficial effects of MLi-2 on pain sensitivity and neuroinflammation in rats with neuropathic pain.Conclusion Inhibiting the expression of LRRK2 can alleviate pain sensitivity in NP rats induced by microglia activation mediated neuroinflammation,and its mechanism of action may be related to regulating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of silent information regulator 1(SIRT1)-NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)axis in the effect of remifentanil against ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)in rat livers.SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(sham group),IRI group,IRI+remifentanil pretreatment group(IRI+RPC group),IRI+SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527 group(IRI+EX-527 group)and IRI+RPC+EX-527 group,with 8 rats in each group.The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-18 of rats in each group were detected.The liver tissue pathology was observed.The apoptosis rate of hepatocytes in rats was detected.The expressions of SIRT1,NLRP3,cleaved cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(Cleaved Caspase-1)and Gasdermin D(GSDMD)proteins in rat liver tissue were detected.Results Compared with the sham group,the liver tissue pathological score and hepatocyte apoptosis rate of rats in the IRI group were increased,the serum ALT,AST,LDH,IL-1β,and IL-18 levels were increased,the relative expression of SIRT1 protein in liver tissue was decreased,and the relative expression of NLRP3,Cleaved Caspase-1,and GSDMD proteins were increased(all P<0.05).Compared with the IRI group,the liver tissue pathological score and hepatocyte apoptosis rate of rats in the IRI+RPC group were decreased,the serum ALT,AST,LDH,IL-1β,and IL-18 levels were decreased,the relative expression of SIRT1 protein in liver tissue was increased,and the relative expression of NLRP3,Cleaved Caspase-1,and GSDMD proteins were decreased;the liver tissue pathological score and hepatocyte apoptosis rate of rats in the IRI+EX-527 group were increased,the ALT,AST,LDH,IL-1β,and IL-18 levels were increased,the relative expression of SIRT1 protein in liver tissue was decreased,and the relative expression of NLRP3,Cleaved Caspase-1,and GSDMD proteins were increased(all P<0.05).Compared with the IRI+RPC group,the liver tissue pathological score and hepatocyte apoptosis rate in the IRI+RPC+EX-527 group were increased,the levels of ALT,AST,LDH,IL-1β,and IL-18 were increased,the relative expression of SIRT1 protein in liver tissue was decreased,and the relative expression of NLRP3,Cleaved Caspase-1,and GSDMD proteins were increased(all P<0.05).Conclusions SIRT1 may participate in the regulation of remifentanil against rat liver IRI by inhibiting NLRP3 mediated cell pyroptosis.

With the outbreak of COVID-19 in the world, Beijing is one of the main areas of the imported cases. As a designated hospital for treatment in Beijing, our hospital set up a negative pressure isolation ward for suspected COVID-19 patients in an emergency, and we quickly organized nursing training, implemented classified management of hospitalized patients. During the whole process of setting up the new ward, all the related staff started working quickly, the logistics department provided goods timely, and the isolation facilities were set tightly. Owing to those, we completed the task of receiving and treating the suspected COVID-19 cases.

According to the etiological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2, our hospital specially sets up a ' Sterilized exclusive cabin ' for the personal hygiene treatment of patients, which is used for the disinfection of discharged patients and their clothes. We adopt different disinfection methods for different items and establish relevant standard procedures. A reasonable end-sterilized process at discharge can effectively eliminate the source of infection, cut off the transmission route, and relieve patients' ideological concerns.

ObjectiveTo explore the mastery of disease-related knowledge among tuberculosis children's parents so as to provide a basis for carrying out health education for children's parents. MethodsFrom November to June 2016, we selected tuberculosis children's parents at West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University as subjects by convenience sampling. A total of 112 children's parents were investigated with the self-designed questionnaire by interview. A total of 112 questionnaire were sent out and all of them were collected with 100% for the recovery rate. ResultsAmong 112 children's parents, they mastered well on key points in the treatment, whether could be cured, medicine taking time and requirements for review of tuberculosis with above 90% for the accuracy rate. There were statistical differences in the mastery of disease-related knowledge among children's parents with different education levels and nations (P＜ 0.05). ConclusionsWe should focus on strengthening health education of tuberculosis knowledge for parents with low educational levels, in rural areas and minority nationalities, and health education of drug-related knowledge for all parents. We should develop targeted health education to improve the compliance of tuberculosis treatment in children.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the otoprotective effects of mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF) in A/J mice. METHODS: The mice at postnatal day 7 (P7) were randomly separated into a mNGF treated group (mNGF group) and a distilled water (for injection) treated group (control group). The mNGF dissolved in distilled water or distilled water alone was given to the mice once every other day from P7 by intramuscular injection in the hips. The otoprotective effects of mNGF in A/J mice were observed in a time course manner. The thresholds of auditory-evoked brainstem response (ABR) were tested from the age of the 3rd to the 8th week. Sections of the inner ears were stained by hematoxylin and eosin, and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) were observed at the age of the 3rd, the 6th,and the 8th week. Counts of whole mount outer hair cells (OHCs) in the cochleae were made at the age of 8 weeks. Expression of apoptosis related genes was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. RESULTS: ABR thresholds of the mNGF group were significantly lower than those of the control group at the age of the 6th and the 8th week. Moreover, the mNGF preserved OHC and SGN in the mouse cochleae in this period. Further experiments showed that the expression of caspase genes (including caspase-3) was inhibited in the mouse inner ears in the mNGF group. CONCLUSION: The mNGF improves hearing in A/J mice by preserving SGN and OHC in the cochleae.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Blotting, Western ; Brain Stem ; Cochlea ; Ear, Inner ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer ; Hearing* ; Hematoxylin ; Hip ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Mice* ; Nerve Growth Factor* ; Neurons ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Spiral Ganglion ; Water

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving therapeutic efficacy of methadone hydrochloride in maintenance treatment for drug addicts.METHODS:A questionnaire survey was conducted among drug addicts from outpatient department of drug maintenance treatment in 2 hospitals of Zhongshan City about their situation and demands.The data were statistically analyzed.RESULTS:A total of 101 questionnaires were distributed,and 88 effective questionnaires were recovered with effective recovery of 87.13％.64.77％ of the respondents had abused one or more drugs (narcotics) in the last year except for methadone hydrochloride;among them,the frequency of heroin abuse was the highest,which is 31.31％,followed by Qutong tablet,valium,meth,tramadol,etc.72.73％ of the respondents said they could stick to methadone hydrochloride maintenance treatment completely.The dosage of methadone was relatively dispersed,and the average dosage was 75.80 mL/time;the proportion of 71-80 mL/time was high,accounting for 26.14％.The average score of respondents' family support was (6.22 ± 1.88) and the average score of social support was(32.73 ± 6.94).The proportions of general,poor and very poor economic condition were 52.27％,22.73％,14.77％,respectively.The main demand of the top 5 respondents were to eliminate social discrimination (38.64％),employment (35.23％),psychological emotional support (35.23％),to reduce methadone hydrochloride dose (32.95％),assisting to reduce relapse (28.41％),respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The majority of the addicts who receive methadone hydrochloride maintenance treatment are male and middle-aged and young,their relative economic status is poor,and their family care and social support are unsatisfactory.The vast majority of them can adhere to methadone hydrochloride maintenance treatment completely or basically,most of which still abuse other drugs (narcotics) and have many demands.It is necessary to connect "biological-psychological-social" mode of medical treatment through social work intervention service mode,and conduct comprehensive intervention in order to better meet the relevant requirements and improve therapeutic efficacy of methadone hydrochloride maintenance treatment.

Objective To compare the differences in the practical operation of exercise therapy courses for rehabilitation major students between workshop teaching method and traditional teaching method, and to explore the teaching model and process of workshop teaching method. Methods We im-plemented traditional teaching method in 94 rehabilitation major students in grade 2012 from Xuzhou Medical University, while 96 students in grade 2013 were taught by workshop method, which is based on specific cases, combined with multi-angle evaluation methods and various treatment protocols, with the opti-mal therapeutic method carried out after learning different practical operations and comparing their indica-tions. Then we conducted course satisfaction survey and skills operation evaluation on students from both grades after the course, and the t test was performed with the use of SPSS 19.0. Results The survey showed that the satisfaction score was significantly higher in grade 2013 students with workshop teaching method (79.07±10.49), compared with that in grade 2012 students with traditional teaching method (72.59±13.56), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); as for the skills operation evaluation, the average score was significantly higher in students from 2013 grade (95.04±2.98), compared with that in students from 2012 grade (92.33±1.97), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The work-shop teaching method can significantly improve students' satisfaction for the practical course of exercise therapy while improving their operation abilities.

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Bu-Yang Huan-Wu (BYHW) decoction to the learning and memory ability of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice through two behavior tests,in order to observe the Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment effect of BYHW decoction.A total of 60 APP/PS1 double transgenic mice were randomly divided into five groups,which were the model group,the hydrochloride group,the high-,middle-,and low-dose BYHW decoction group,with ten rats in each group.The C57BL/6J mice were used as the control group.After 30 days of drug administration,all mice were subjected to behavior tests,including new object recognition experiment and step-through task.Western blot was used to detect changes of inflammatory factors,including IL-6 and TNF-α,in hippocampus of mice.The results showed that compared with the model group,the high-and middle-dose BYHW decoction can significantly decrease inflammatory factors of IL-6 and TNF-α expression in hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice.It can also obviously improve the learning and memory ability of APP/PS1 mice.It was concluded that BYHW decoction can significantly decrease the inflammatory factor expression in APP/PS 1 double transgenic AD model mice.It can obviously improve its learning and memory ability,which can be used in the treatment of AD.

Objective To study the effect of infrared irradiation on the expression of epidermal growth factor EGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the gastric mucosa of rats with chronic atrophic gastritis CAG),and to explore its mechanism.Methods Forty healthy adult and clean Wistar male rats were randomized into a normal control group (N group),a model control group (M group) and an infrared group (I group) using a random number table.CAG was induced in the rats of the M and I groups by intra-gastric infusion of 2 ml of a mixture of 30％ alcohol and 2％ sodium salicylate once every day for 8 weeks.This was combined with compulsory running and irregular fasting as pathogenic factors.After the CAG model had been established,the rats in the I group were given infrared irradiation for 10 rain once every day for 20 days.Then all of the rats were sacrificed and the expression of EGF and EGFR was observed using immunohistochemistry.Results The positive staining scores for EGF and EGFR of the M group were 4.91±2.58 and 6.75±2.63,significantly higher than those of the N group (2.10±0.65 and 4.20±2.24 respectively).Those of the I group were 2.75±1.01 and 4.75± 1.66,significantly lower than those of the M group,though not significantly different from the N group's averages.Conclusion Infrared irradiation can inhibit over-expression of EGF and EGFR in the gastric mucosa of rats with chronic atrophic gastritis.This should protect the gastric mucosa and promote tissue repair and healing.