ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effect of Qingjie Huagong decoction （QJHGD） on a mouse model of severe acute pancreatitis （SAP） and the mechanism of action of QJHGD against inflammatory response. MethodsA total of 36 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into blank group， model group， Western medicine group （ulinastatin）， and low-， middle-， and high-dose QJHGD groups， with 6 mice in each group. All mice except those in the blank group were given 5% sodium taurocholate by retrograde pancreaticobiliary injection to establish a model of SAP. After modeling， the mice in the low-， middle-， and high-dose groups were given QJHGD （1， 2， and 4 g/kg， respectively） by gavage， and those in the Western medicine group were given intraperitoneal injection of ulinastatin （5×10⁴ U/kg）， for 7 days in total. HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of the pancreas； ELISA was used to measure the levels of α-amylase， lipase， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-8 （IL-8）， interleukin-18 （IL-18）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in mice； RT-qPCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of NOD-like receptor protein3 （NLRP3）， Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， and nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB） in pancreatic tissue； immunohistochemistry was used to measure the positive expression rates of NLRP3， TLR4， and NF-κB in pancreatic tissue； Western blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of NLRP3， TLR4， NF-κB， IL-1β， and IL-6. An analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups， and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the model group had diffuse destruction of pancreatic tissue structure， focal dilatation of pancreatic lobular septum， pancreatic acinar atrophy， and massive inflammatory cell infiltration， as well as significant increases in the content of α-amylase， lipase， IL-1β， IL-6， IL-8， IL-18， and TNF-α （all P<0.05）， the mRNA expression levels and positive expression rates of NLRP3， TLR4， and NF-κB （all P<0.05）， and the protein expression levels of NLRP3， TLR4， NF-κB， IL-1β， and IL-6 （all P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the low-， middle-， and high-dose QJHGD groups and the Western medicine group had slightly tighter and more intact structure of pancreatic tissue， ordered arrangement of pancreatic acinar cells， a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration， and hemorrhagic foci of pancreatic lobules， as well as significant reductions in the content of α-amylase， lipase， IL-1β， IL-6， IL-8， IL-18， and TNF-α （all P<0.05）， the mRNA expression levels and positive expression rates of NLRP3， TLR4， and NF-κB （all P<0.05）， and the protein expression levels of NLRP3， TLR4， NF-κB， IL-1β， and IL-6 （all P<0.05）. ConclusionQJHGD may exert a protective effect on the pancreatic tissue of SAP mice by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins， reducing the release of inflammatory mediators， and preventing the enhancement of inflammatory cascade response.

Objective:To evaluate the performance of Hybribio human papillomavirus (HPV) typing test kit for high risk HPV-DNA typing detection in screening of cervical precancer lesions.Methods:A total of 9 914 women were recruited in Henan, Shanxi, and Guangdong provinces from June to July 2017. All women underwent HPV DNA test. The women who diagnosed as HPV positive and cytological examination ≥ atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or HPV negative and cytological examination≥low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) underwent colposcopy biopsy and pathological examination. Using the pathological diagnosis as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and 95% confidence interval ( CI) of high-risk HPV and HPV16/18 tests were calculated. Results:The mean age of 9 914 subjects was (45.0±9.3) years old. Among them, 1 302 subjects were detected as high risk HPV positive, including 211 of HPV16 positive and 64 of HPV18 positive. According to the pathological gold standard of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2) or worse, the sensitivity and specificity of high risk-HPV and HPV 16/18 for triaging ASCUS women were 90.6% (95% CI: 75.8%-96.8%) and 78.0% (95% CI: 74.5%-81.2%) as well as 56.3% (95% CI: 39.3%-71.8%) and 95.7% (95% CI: 93.8%-97.1%), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of high risk-HPV and HPV 16/18 for cervical precancer lesions screening were 95.1% (95% CI: 88.1%-98.1%) and 87.6% (95% CI: 86.9%-88.2%) as well as 65.9% (95% CI: 55.1%-75.2%) and 97.8% (95% CI: 97.5%-98.1%), respectively. Conclusions:The Hybribio HPV test kit has a relative high sensitivity and specificity for cervical precancer lesions screening and ASCUS triaging. It is reliable for HPV DNA detection and cervical cancer screening.

Objective:To evaluate the performance of Hybribio human papillomavirus (HPV) typing test kit for high risk HPV-DNA typing detection in screening of cervical precancer lesions.Methods:A total of 9 914 women were recruited in Henan, Shanxi, and Guangdong provinces from June to July 2017. All women underwent HPV DNA test. The women who diagnosed as HPV positive and cytological examination ≥ atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or HPV negative and cytological examination≥low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) underwent colposcopy biopsy and pathological examination. Using the pathological diagnosis as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and 95% confidence interval ( CI) of high-risk HPV and HPV16/18 tests were calculated. Results:The mean age of 9 914 subjects was (45.0±9.3) years old. Among them, 1 302 subjects were detected as high risk HPV positive, including 211 of HPV16 positive and 64 of HPV18 positive. According to the pathological gold standard of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2) or worse, the sensitivity and specificity of high risk-HPV and HPV 16/18 for triaging ASCUS women were 90.6% (95% CI: 75.8%-96.8%) and 78.0% (95% CI: 74.5%-81.2%) as well as 56.3% (95% CI: 39.3%-71.8%) and 95.7% (95% CI: 93.8%-97.1%), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of high risk-HPV and HPV 16/18 for cervical precancer lesions screening were 95.1% (95% CI: 88.1%-98.1%) and 87.6% (95% CI: 86.9%-88.2%) as well as 65.9% (95% CI: 55.1%-75.2%) and 97.8% (95% CI: 97.5%-98.1%), respectively. Conclusions:The Hybribio HPV test kit has a relative high sensitivity and specificity for cervical precancer lesions screening and ASCUS triaging. It is reliable for HPV DNA detection and cervical cancer screening.

Objective To investigate the expression of FAM19A4 gene promotor methylation in different cervical lesions and its diagnostic value. Methods 31 cervical cancers cases ,22 HSILs and 23 normal cervical tissues of formalin-fixed and parrffin-embedded specimen diagnosed by pathology were selected. Taqman probe-based quantitative PCR(qPCR)was used to detect the differences of FAM19A4 methylation in different cervical lesions, and then corresponding analyses were made. Results Statistical differences of FAM19A4 methylationrates were observed in cervical caner ,HSIL and normalcervix,respectively96.8%(30/31),72.7%(16/22)and 8.7%(2/23) (P < 0.05 ).FAM19A4 methylation rates increased with severity of cervical lesion (P < 0.05).The methylation rates of FAM19A4 were not statistically different in different clinicopathological characteristics of cervical cancer (P>0.05). Conclusions FAM19A4 gene promoter methylation is probably a specific biomarker of cervical cancer,andmay play a role in the development and progress of cervical cancer,but may not participate in the invasion and metastasis.

Objective T o explore the com position characteristic of event related potential (E R P ) in dif-ferent visual acuity levels, and to provide theoretical basis for the objective assessm ent of visual acuity. Methods M onocular stim ulus w as perform ed on 16 selected subjects. T he subjects w ere required to look straight at the screen ahead and count the am ount of stim uli from different directions. T he pictures of optotype stim ulus w hich corresponding to three different visual acuity levels w ere show ed in the center of the screen. The ERP results w ere recorded separately. Results (1) The P1 am plitudes of m atch stim uli recorded under the supra-threshold visual acuity level w ere higher than that of m atch stim uli recorded under the threshold and sub-threshold visual acuity levels. T here w as no significant difference betw een the P 1 am plitudes of m atch stim uli recorded under the threshold and sub-threshold visual acuity levels. T he tendency of conflict stim uli w as sim ilar to that of m atch stim uli under three visual acuity levels. (2) In the 340-500 m s post-stim ulus range, P 300 com ponent w as found under supra-threshold and threshold visual acuity levels; no P 300 com ponent w as found in corresponding tim e w indow under sub-threshold visual acuity. T he differences of P 300 am plitudes am ong three visual acuity levels w ere statistically significant. T he am plitudes from high to low w ere the supra-threshold, threshold and sub-threshold visual acuity levels. Conclusion E R P can be a potential new m ethod for the objective assessm ent of visual acuity in forensic m edicine.

Objective: To investigate the application and tendency of carbapenems in the hospitals of Wuhan area.Methods: The application of carbapenems in 34 hospitals of Wuhan area during 2007-2014 was analyzed statistically in terms of consumption sum, DDDs, DDC and so on.Results: The total consumption sum of carbapenems increased year by year.Compared with that in 2007, the total consumption sum increased by 4-fold in 2014.The growing rate of total consumption sum of biapenem was the fastest among various varieties.Since 2009, three injections including meropenem, biapenem and imipenem / cilastatin predominated the market of Wuhan area, followed by faropenem with oral administration.The changing trend of DDDs was basically consistent with the total consumption sum.DDC of all the drugs was relatively high and demonstrated decreasing tendency, and that of biapenem decreased most notably, while still ranked the first place.DDC of meropenem and imipenem/cilastatin both exceeded 400 yuan.The price of faropenem fluctuated notably during 2007-2009, while increased by 2-fold in 2009 (453 yuan) and then remained stable.Conclusion: The special rectification measures show positive impact on the selection of antimicrobial agents in Wuhan area.The drug varieties are proper, while the average daily cost is still high.The government should continue to strengthen the management of antibiotics to ensure the rational use of carbapenems.

Objective T o study the effect of different attentional conditions on the event-related potential (E R P ) com ponents generated by the visual inform ation stim uli related to visual acuity, and provide a theoretical reference for clinical forensic visual objective evaluation. Methods W ith visual acuity opto-types as norm al form of visual inform ation stim uli, 15 volunteers as study subjects w ere supposed to ac-count the visual acuity optotypes under the attentional condition of visual stim uli. Furtherm ore, the sub-jects w ere required to listen to the storytelling carefully under the non-attentional condition of visual stim uli, and after the exam ination, they needed to answ er the story-related questions. A ll the E E G re-sults of tw o different attentional conditions from the subjects w ere recorded by 32 channel E R P system . Results U nder tw o attentional conditions, P 1 and P 300 com ponents w ere evoked by the visual acuity opto-types on supra-threshold and threshold visual acuity levels, w hile only P 1 com ponent w ere evoked by the visual acuity optotypes on sub-threshold levels. In the E R P w aveform s evoked by the visual acuity optotypes on supra-threshold, P 1 and P 300 am plitudes under attentional condition w ere larger than that un-der non-attentional condition. Conclusion A ttentional conditions can influence the detection of visual acuity. P 300 com ponent can be used to distinguish the visual acuity levels w ith supra-threshold and sub-threshold under non-attentional condition.

Objective To study the clinical and pathological characteristics of HPV-negative cervical cancer patients. Methods Retrospective analysis of 785 cervical cancer patients in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from Jan. 2005 to Oct. 2015. By detecting high-risk HPV infection by flow-through hybridization genechip technique. Results (1) Among 785 cases of cervical cancer, 71 cases were negative for HPV infection tested by genechip technique, accounting for 9.0%(71/785), and the relative light units/cut off (RLU/CO) ratios of these 71 cases were less than 1 by hybird captureⅡ(HC-Ⅱ) methods. The results showed that the positive coincident rate of genechip technique detecting result with HC-Ⅱmethod was 100.0%(71/71). (2) There was no difference between 43 (60.6%) cases from 41-55 years old of 71 cases of HPV-negative patients and 392 (54.9%) cases from 41-55 years old of 714 cases of HPV infection patients (χ2=15.63, P=0.571). Among 71 cases of HPV-negative patients, 32 cases of patients with doing TCT, 6 (18.8%) cases for normal, 10 (31.2%) cases for atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), 3 (9.4%) cases for atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H), 3(9.4%) cases for low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 8 (25.0%) cases for hight-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), 2 (6.2%) cases for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). And there were 391 cases of patients with doing thin-prep cytologic test (TCT) of 714 HPV infection patients, 60 (15.3%) cases for normal, 61 (15.6%) cases for ASCUS, 28 (7.2%) cases for ASC-H, 29 (7.4%) cases for LSIL, 164 (41.9%) cases for HSIL, 49 (12.5%) cases for SCC. There was no difference of TCT between HPV infection and HPV-negative patients (P>0.05). Among 70 cases from 71 patients with negative for HPV infection, there were 8(11.4%) cases in stage Ⅰa, 26 (37.1%) cases in stage Ⅰb1, 12 (17.1%) cases in stageⅠb2, 11 (15.7%) cases in stageⅡa, 10 (14.3%) cases in stageⅡb, 3 (4.3%) cases in stageⅢ-Ⅳ. There were 118(16.6%) cases in stageⅠa, 261 (36.8%) cases in stageⅠb1, 72 (10.1%) cases in stageⅠb2, 152 (21.4%) cases in stageⅡa, 87 (12.3%) cases in stageⅡb, 20(2.8%) cases in stageⅢ-Ⅳin 710 cases of HPV infection patients, in which there were no difference of clinical stage between HPV infection and HPV-negative patients (P>0.05). Among 69 cases from 71 patients HPV-negative infection, there were 51 (73.9%) cases for squamous carcinoma, 13 (18.8%) cases for adenocarcinoma, 5(7.2%) cases for adenosquamous carcinoma;and 593 (87.2%) cases for squamous carcinoma, 38 (5.6%) cases for adenocarcinoma, 39 (5.7%) cases for adenosquamous carcinoma, 10 (1.5%) case for others were in 680 patients of HPV infection, in which there was significant difference of adenocarcinoma between HPV infection and HPV-negative patients (χ2=11.96, P=0.001). Conclusions Flow-through hybridization genechip technique is the method of high sensitivity to detect high-risk type HPV, as like HC-Ⅱ method. HPV-negative of cervical cancer occurs mainly in 41-55 years old. Adenocarcinoma incidence is significantly higher in HPV-negative cases than those patients with infection of HPV positive.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between smoking status and carotid plaque in rural population residing in Eastern part of China.

METHODSBetween July and September of 2013, an epidemiological survey was carried out in residents aged 40 or above men who were enrolled randomly in rural areas of Anqing, Anhui province and Lianyungang, Jiangsu province. The data on epidemiological characteristics including smoking status, physical examination were collected using standardized protocol, and carotid ultrasonography was applied to examine the incidence of carotid plaque among never smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Logistic regress analysis was performed to determine the effect of smoking on carotid plaque.

RESULTSIn the study, a total of 625 male participants were included in the study. 51.4% (321 cases) were current smokers, 21.3% (133 cases) were former smokers, and 27.4% (171 cases) were never smokers. 32.0% (200/625) had carotid plaque. The incidence of carotid plaques was significantly higher in current smokers (35.2%, 113/321) than that in never smokers(23.4%,40/171) (χ(2) = 7.26, P = 0.007) and the incidence in former smokers (35.3%, 47/133) was also higher than that in never smokers (23.4%, 40/171) (χ(2) = 5.23, P = 0.022). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that current cigarette smoking is significantly associated with the increased risk of carotid plaque (OR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.13-2.98, P = 0.014) in comparison with never smokers, and there was an interaction between current smoking and age in association with carotid plaque. Compared with the young (≤60 years old) and never smoking group (8%, 3/40), prevalence of carotid plaque among the elderly (>70 years old) and smoking group (55%, 31/56) was significantly higher (OR = 8.06, 95% CI: 2.07-31.45) after adjusting for age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride high-density lipoprotein, body mass index, drinking and regional differences.

CONCLUSIONIt found that cigarette smoking was associated with increased risk of carotid plaque in rural elderly population residing in Eastern part of China.

Aged ; Alcohol Drinking ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Carotid Stenosis ; China ; Cholesterol ; Humans ; Lipoproteins, HDL ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Smoking ; Triglycerides

Mild cognitive im pairm ent caused by craniocerebral traum a is the key points and difficulties in judicial authentication. This article has com parative analysis of eachmode of event-related potential (classical O ddball, E riksen flanker task and so on), which can provide a more objective m ethod for such craniocerebral traum a cases in clinical forensic judicial authentication.