OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between changes in intestinal toxicity and changes in component composition of the Mongolian medicine Euphorbiae pekinensis Radix(EPR)before and after processing with milk.METHODS Mice were given 95%ethanol extract of raw EPR,milk-processed EPR and water-processed EPR by gavage.The purgative effect and intestinal inflam-matory toxicity changes of EPR before and after milk processing were investigated using the fecal water content and the levels of inflam-matory factors TNF-α and IL-1β in each intestinal segment of mice as indicators;LC-MS/MS was used to analyze the composition changes of the 95%alcohol extract of EPR before and after milk processing.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,the raw and water processed products of EPR could significantly increase the water content of mouse feces and the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in each intestinal segment(P＜0.05);compared with the raw product group,all indicators in the milk processing group were significantly reduced(P＜0.05),while there was no significant difference in the water processing group,indicating that water processing cannot at-tenuate toxicity,and the auxiliary material milk is the key auxiliary material to reduce the toxicity of EPR.Mass spectrometry analysis results showed that a total of 50 components were identified in EPR,including 38 terpenoid components,6 phenolic acid components,and 6 other components.The content of each component decreased to varying degrees after milk processing.Principal component analy-sis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)were performed on the mass spectrum data of raw ma-terials and products,and it was found that the components of raw materials and products can be obviously clustered into 2 categories.13 differential components of raw materials and products were screened through t test,and 11 of which were terpene compo-nents,indicating that the composition of terpene components changed significantly after milk processing.17 components derived from EPR were detected in the residual liquid of milk excipients after processing,of which 16 were terpenoids,indicating that the terpenoid components of EPR were transferred to the excipient milk during the soaking and processing processes.CONCLUSION The toxicity of EPR is reduced and the purgative effect is alleviated after milk processing.The attenuation mechanism may be that during the milk soaking and processing processes,terpenoid components are transferred to the milk,and the content of toxic components in the decoc-tion pieces is reduced,thereby reducing the toxicity.

Objective To investigate the difference in intestinal flora among patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and normal population and to provide a basis for the early diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma as a marker. Methods DNA was extracted from biopsy tissue samples of 30 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (observation group) and 25 healthy people (control group) by microbial amplification sequencing. The integrity and quality of DNA were detected. The composition and abundance of intestinal flora in the samples of the two groups were determined. Results A great similarity in beta diversity was found between the two groups, but some differences were also observed. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Megamonas in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P=0.025). Conclusion Strengthening the study on the changes in intestinal flora among patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma may be of great significance for its prevention and treatment.

Objective:To clarify the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and the clinicopathologic features of primary lung adenocarcinomas in Xinjiang.Methods:The mutations of EGFR gene at exons 18 -21 in 59 cases (including 15 cases of Uighur and 44 cases of Han) of lung adenocarcinoma tissues,which were obtained from surgical resection,were detected by amplifica-tion refractory mutation system (ARMS)method.And the relationships among mutations,race and clini-copathologic features were analyzed.Results:The frequencies of EGFR mutations in lung adenocarcinoma were 20% for Uighur,which was lower than that in Han (54.5%),P <0.05.The deletion mutations at exon 19 were seen in 2 of 15 Uighur cases and 9 of 44 Han cases.EGFR mutations were present,inclu-ding exon 21 L858R in one Uighur case and 12 Han cases,exon 18 G719X in two of 44 cases of Han, exon 21 L861Q in one of them.On histological type,the frequencies of EGFR mutation in alveolar pre-dominant adenocarcinoma was 71% (22 /31),which was higher than both that in solid predominant and mucinous carcinoma (6.7%,20% respectively).According to statistic analysis,EGFR mutations were without correlation with the patient’s gender,age,location,gross type,smoking status and lymph node metastasis(P >0.05).EGFR mutation was more frequent in well-differentiated cancer,mainly in acinar carcinoma,while poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and mucous adenocarcinoma were lower.Conclu-sion:There was a difference of EGFR mutation in primary lung adenocarcinoma between Uighur and Han in Xinjiang,perhaps reflecting ethnic genetic variation,which is worth further analyzing.EGFR mutation was commonly detected in well or middle differentiated adenocarcinoma,mainly in acinar carcinoma.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect and safety of Kudiezi injection on patients with acute ischemic stroke.

METHODSeven hundreds patients were divided into two groups by central randomization system. The study group, 346 cases, was treated with kudiezi injection plus traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) synthesis rehabilitation project, and the control group, 354 cases, was treated with synthetic rehabilitation project. The patients were treated for 10 to 21 days. Before treatment and at the 7th, 14th and 21th day of treatment, the indexes include NIHSS used for evaluating the neurological deficit degree and the motor function score (Fugl-Meyer) for evaluating motor function were observed. The safety index is defined by adverse observation event and laboratory test. The incidence of adverse events and laboratory tests results were observed before and after treatment at the same time.

RESULTApplication of generalized estimating equation model, we found that as the treatment time, NIHSS score and FMI score of the two groups showed a trend of improvement. And at the 14th days and 21th days of treatment, compared to the control group the treatment group showed significant statistical difference on the impact of NIHSS and FMI (P<0.05). No serious adverse events were observed.

CONCLUSIONKudiezi injection plus TCM rehabilitation project of ischemic stroke showed some superiority to western medicine rehabilitation program on improving the neurological deficit and motor function. Kudiezi injection is safe and effective in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

Aged ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Injections ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; Middle Aged ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing ; Stroke ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo verify the efficacy and safety of post-marketed fleabane injection combined with Dengzhan Shengmai capsules in the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS).

METHODA multicentre, prospective, practical, randomized controlled study was carried out to compare the efficacy and safety of Dengzhan group (n = 343) and western medicine group (n = 335), appling "clinical study central stochastic system". The treatment of Dengzhan group is using fleabane injection in acute stage and Dengzhan Shengmai capsules in convalescence. The primary indexes of effect evaluation are the important outcome events in 360 days' follow-up, including mortality, recurrence, disability and quality of life to reflect the effect of clinical study. The indexes of safety evaluation involve laboratory examination results and incidence of adverse events.

RESULTAfter 360 days' follow-up, 4 people died of IS in Dengzhan group, and the mortality rate of which is 1.17%, while 16 died in Western medicine group (WM group), and the mortality rate is 4.78%, suggesting that the mortality rate of Dengzhan group is significantly lower than WM group (P<0.05). Eleven cases recurred in Dengzhan group, and the recurrence rate of which is 3.21%, while 12 recurred in WM group, and the recurrence rate is 3.59%, indicating that the recurrence rate of Dengzhan group is slightly lower than WM group. The disability rate of Dengzhan group is 39.53%, among which the rate of severely disabled cases are 1.49%, while the disability rate of WM group is 40.13%, among which the rate of severely disabled cases are 3.13%, suggesting that the disability rate of Dengzhan group is lower and the severity of disability is also lighter than WM group. In the field of quality of life, the activity ability and the upper limb function store of stroke patients in Dengzhan group improved far much better than WM group (P<0.05). Analysis of safety suggested that, adverse events occurred in 11 cases in Dengzhan group, among which 4 cases is related with the drug treatment, the incidence of adverse events of which is 1.17%, and the main manifestations involve fever and chilling, rash, nausea, dizziness, palpitation, etc. which were all appeared after the treatment of fleabane injection, and disappeared 1 to 2 days after drug withdrawal. 13 cases occurred abnormal liver function and 2 cases abnormal kidney function in Dengzhan group. According to the judgment of clinical physicians, 3 case of ALT abnormality is possibly related to the treatment, the others are all unrelated with the treatment.

CONCLUSIONFleabane injection and Dengzhan Shengmai capsules are all safe and effective TCM in the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Adult ; Aged ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Capsules ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Erigeron ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing ; Prospective Studies ; Stroke ; drug therapy

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and value of dual-energy perfusion imaging (DEPI) of dual-source CT(DSCT) in the diagnosis of acute experimental pulmonary embolism. Methods Acute pulmonary embolism ( PE ) model was made in 8 New Zealand rabbits, and non-enhanced and enhanced DSCT scans were performed before and after embelization. Postprocessing of image data was made on the workstation, and CT pulmonary angiography ( CTPA ), DEal and fusion images were obtained. The location and number of the emboli were recorded. The rabbits were killed immediately after DSCT scan, the location and number of the lung lobes with pulmonary emboli were evaluated pathologically. Based on the pathological results, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value ( PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of CTA, DEal and fusion images for the diagnosis of PE were calculated. Weighted Kappa values were calculated to evaluate the consistency between CTPA and DEal. Results PE model was made successfully in 7 rabbits. Six rabbits with 30 lobes were evaluated with one exception because of the catheter affecting the quality of lung peffusian image. PE was found pathologically in 18 lobar arteries. On DEPI, the region with PE showed low peffusion area comparing with the normal parenchyma and CTPA showed the filling defect within corresponding pulmonary artery or interruption of the artery. The sensitivity, specificity, PPVand NPV of CTPA were 66. 7% (12/18), 100.0% (12/12), 100.0% (12/12) and 66. 7% (12/18), respectively. The Kappa value was 0. 651 indicating moderate correlation with pathology. The sensitivity, specificity, aPv, and NPV of DEal were 88. 9% ( 16/18), 91.7% ( 11/12, 94. 1% (16/17) and 84. 6% ( 11/13 ), respectively. The Kappa value was 0. 795 indicating excellent correlation with pathology. Conclusion Dual-energy lung perfusion imaging of DSCT can display the blood distribution of rabbit's lung and has a high sensitivity for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism.

The technique of Youtong company is adopted to improve Philips X-ray machine digitally.X-ray digital plane detector,control box and DR image workstation are added to the improved system,which make radiography more convenient and provide high quality image for clinical diagnosis.

Because of the bad definition of images in using DSA machine,the X-ray detector was used to check the DSA output dose so as to solve the image quality problems. Through checking the output dose,the problem were found in time and solved thoroughly,therefore it is very important to take image quality control at intervals.

In order to make design in DSA machine room more scientific,reasonable and reduce repeated work,and guarantee the normal run after the installation of the machines,some specific machine design experience and summarized lessons are explained on how to design scientific and reasonable DSA machine room. Based on the DSA machine room design,actual condition and summarized experience,scientific and reasonable design project for the DSA machine room are provided. Scientific DSA machine room design is an important guarantee to prolong machine life and improve equipment use efficiency.

DSA machine is very important for patient examination and therapy in medical imaging department. The management and maintenance of machine have direct impact on clinic diagnosis and treatment quality. Scientific management and maintenance for DSA machine are proposed to bring machine into full use, and the clinical need is explained in detail along with machine troubleshooting and maintenance, etc. It emphasizes the importance of relative machine aspects, especially of medical engineer's comprehensive ability. Those improve medical quality and machine life, and also improve financial and social benefit.