Objective: To analyze the changes in homologous immunity after RhCE-matched transfusion in positive patients with RhCE blood group antibodies, and to provide precise transfusion strategies for chronic anemia patients. Methods: Patients with chronic anemia in our hospital from January 2020 to March 2024 (continuously receiving blood transfusions for more than 6 months) were enrolled, and 63 cases of unexpected antibody screening positive and identified as RhCE blood group antibodies were selected as the research subjects. The changes in unexpected antibody yield rate after ABO and RhCcDEe isotype blood transfusion were observed. Patients with MNS, Kidd, or Lewis blood group antibodies were screened for corresponding negative donors using monoclonal antibodies for extended typing transfusion based on RhCcEe typing, and the changes in unexpected antibody yield rate after transfusion were observed. Blood group genotyping was performed when serological techniques failed to resolve discrepancies or detect abnormal antigen expression. Results: After RhCcDEe-matched transfusions, RhCE antibodies disappeared in 62 patients, while 1 patient developed anti-Ce. The latter did not develop blood type isotype immunity after receiving RhccEE donor blood. Among the 62 patients, 9 developed unexpected antibodies against other systems: anti-M (4 cases), anti-Mur (2), anti-S (1), anti-Jka (1), and anti-Lea (1). No additional alloimmunization occurred after extended antigen-matched transfusions. A patient with serologically weak e phenotype was genotyped as DCe/DcE, with gene sequencing revealing an 827C>A mutation in exon 6 of the RHCE gene, forming the RHCE 01.31 allele. Conclusion: Precise transfusion strategies incorporating RhCE, MNS, Kidd, and Lewis blood group antigen typing can reduce the probability of blood group homologous immunity. RhCE complex antibodies and RhCE variants pose difficulties for clinical RhCE typing transfusion, which can be addressed through cross-matching and genetic analysis.

【Objective】 To analyze the preliminary screening and follow-up testing data of HBV in Yantai area, and discuss the rationality of following up and re-entry program of HBV reactive blood donors. 【Methods】 Donors who were single reagent reactive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in initial screening but non-reactive by nucleic acid testing (NAT) were followed up. Individual NAT(ID-NAT) was performed for HBV DNA, ELISA for HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAb, HBeAg and HBcAb, and ECLIA for the detection of HBsAg. 【Results】 A total of 547 blood donors were HBsAg ELISA-/NAT+, and 97 were followed up, among which 24 met the requirements of re-entry while 73 did not. Of the 24 blood donors who met the re-entry requirements, 13 donated blood again, with test results all qualified. 【Conclusion】 The combination of ELISA, ID-NAT, and ECLIA methods for following up detection for HBsAg ELISA+ blood donors is recommended. Blood donors with HbsAb S/CO ≥ 10 and negative results for other tests met the re-entry requirements, with a re-entry rate at 24.74%, and the re-donation qualified rate of blood donors after re-entry was 100%.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of tumor markers of CEA,CA153,TPS,Fer and CYFRA21-1 level in postoperative metastasis of breast cancer.Methods After 3-year follow-up for 578 patients with primary breast cancer from 2012 to 2014,we chose 42 patients with metastasis as metastasis group,and another 42 cases without as non-metastasis group.Level of CEA,CA153,TPS,Fer and CYFRA21-1 was detected using chemiluminescence and the difference of CEA,CA153,TPS,Fer and CYFRA21-1 level in 2 groups was compared.Pearson correlation test analysis and ROC curve test were performed for data analysis.Results Serum CEA,CA153,TPS,Fer and CYFRA21-1 levelq6.11 ± 1.87)ng/mL,(26.97 ± 9.52) U/mL,(155.95 ± 22.03)U/L,(173.08 ± 19.87)ng/mL and (18.98 ± 7.33)ng/mL respectively increased in metastasis group when compared with those in non-metastasis group (5.33 ± 1.85)ng/mL,(23.34 ± 8.30)U/mL、(133.22 ± 19.09)U/L,(142.29 ± 22.59) ng/mL and (6.76 ± 1.59)ng/mLrespectively and the change of TPS,Fer and CYFRA21-1 was more obvious and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant correlation among serum TPS,Fer and CYFRA21-lin metastasis group.The area under ROC curve of CYFRA21-1 was 0.903,followed by Fer (0.849) and TPS (0.791) and in the diagnosis of metastasis of breast cancer,CYFRA21-1 has great diagnostic value.Conclusions The increase of serum TPS,Fer and CYFRA21-1 level is closely associated with postoperative metastasis of breast cancer and CYFRA21-1 has great diagnostic value for monitoring postoperative metastasis of breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of different elutions of Hyssopus cuspidatus on smooth muscle contraction of isolated tracheal in Guinea pigs. METHODS:Isolated tracheal rings were prepared and soaked in Krebs-Henseleit,using acetyl-choline(ACh,1×10-7 g/mL)or histamine(His,1×10-6 g/mL)to induce contraction of tracheal rings,then the effects of H. cuspi-datus water elution and 30%,50%,60%,70%,95%ethanol elutions with mass concentrations of 0.08,0.16,0.32,0.64,1.28, 2.56 mg/mL on contraction of tracheal rings were respectively investigated. Contraction curves were recorded and antispasmodic rates were calculated. Tests were treated with saline as blank control and aminophylline (0.08 mg/mL) as positive control. RE-SULTS:Compared with blank control,0.16-2.56 mg/mL 30%,50% ethanol elution,0.32-2.56 mg/mL 60% ethanol elution and 0.64-2.56 mg/mL 70%,95% ethanol elution can obviously inhibit ACh-induced contraction of tracheal rings,antispasmodic rates were obviously increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);0.32-2.56 mg/mL water elution and 30%,50% ethanol elution,0.16-2.56 mg/mL 60%,70% ethanol elution and 1.28-2.56 mg/mL 95% ethanol elution can obviously inhibit His-induced contraction of tracheal rings,antispasmodic rates were obviously increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The effects of 2.56 mg/mL 60% ethanol elution ap-proach to aminophylline. CONCLUSIONS:Different elutions of H. cuspidatus has certain antagonistic effect on the ACh-induced or His-induced smooth muscle contraction of isolated tracheal in Guinea pigs;60% ethanol elution shows the strongest effect, which has similar effects with aminophylline at high mass concentration.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for clarifying the pharmacodynamic material basis of anti-inflammation effect of Uygur medicine Hyssopus cuspidatus. METHODS:HPLC was conducted to establish the fingerprint of 8 extracts with different po-larities. Using macrophage RAW264.7 as object,the inhibitory effect of extracts with different polarities on inflammatory factor ni-tric oxide(NO),TNF-α and IL-6 in supernatant of cell culture medium was detected,the differences of anti-inflammatory activity in vitro were compared. Grey correlation analysis method was used to analyze the spectrum-effect relationship of peak area of common peaks and anti-inflammation activity. RESULTS:The fingerprint of 8 extracts with different polarities showed obvious differences. Anti-inflammation in vitro results suggested that 30% ethanol extract had the strongest inhibitory effect on inflammatory cytokines in vitro. There were 14 common peaks in the established HPLC fingerprints,the 5 common peaks that was closely related to the in-hibitory effect of inflammatory factors in vitro were peak 8,6,5,10,13,respectively;peak 8 was rosmarinic acid. CONCLUSIONS:The established fingerprint and its spectrum-effect relationship with anti-inflammation activity in vitro can provide certain reference for its pharmacodynanic material basis study.

OBJECTIVE:To conduct component analysis for the 40％ ethanol eluate of Hyssopus officinalis,and investigate its improvement effect on inflammation in asthmatic mice. METHODS:The 40％ ethanol eluate of polyamide resin column was col-lected,and HPLC-high resolution mass spectrometry was used for the component analysis of 40％ ethanol eluate of H. officinalis. Totally 72 mice were randomly divided into blank group (normal saline),model group (normal saline),dexamethasone group (positive control,1.6 mg/kg) and 40％ ethanol eluate of H. officinalis high-dose,medium-dose,low-dose groups (200,100,50 mg/kg),12 in each group. Except for normal group,mice in other groups were intraperitoneally injected 0.2 mL ovalbumin (OVA)for sensitization in 0,14 d and intragastrically administrated in 25-31 d,once a day. After administration,2 mg/mL OVA was dropped in nose for 7 d. After 24 h of last dropping in nose,tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukin-4(IL-4),interfer-on-γ(IFN-γ)levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were detected;pathological changes in lung tissue were observed. RE-SULTS:Totally 11 compounds were identified,the relative percentage content of 40.89％. The main components were rosmarinic acid,luteolin 7-O-β-D-rhamnoserhamnose (1→6)-α-D-pyran glucoside,hyperoside,etc. Compared with blank group,TNF-α, IL-4 levels in BALF in model group were increased,IFN-γ level was declined,and IL-4/IFN-γ ratio was enlarged(P<0.01);lung tissue was seriously damaged,there was infiltration of inflammatory cells around the blood vessels. Compared with model group, TNF-α,IL-4 levels in BALF in dexamethasone group,40％ ethanol eluate of H. officinalis high-dose,medium-dose groups were declined,IFN-γ level was increased,and IL-4/IFN-γ ratio was reduced (P<0.01);pathological changes in lung tissue were improved. CONCLUSIONS:The established analysis method can effectively analysis the chemical components of 40％ etha-nol eluate of H. officinalis,which has certain regulatory effect on releasing inflammatory factors and reducing inflammatory lesions in lung tissue of mice with bronchial asthma.

Objective To investigate the optimal process conditions for the separation and purification of extract from Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss. by polyamide resins. Methods The total flavonoids and rosmarinic acid were used as the indexes. The maximum amount of sample solution, elution volume, concentration of sample solution, adsorption time of resin, loading time of sample solution and the amount of eluting solvent, pH and elution rate in the resin purification process were screened by single factor method. Results The optimal purification parameters were as follows: 10 mg/mL of extract, 12 mL of sample amount, 2 BV of water to remove impurities, 40% ethanol to elute 9 BV; the concentration of rosmarinic acid in sample solution was 86.3 μg/mL, and the total flavonoid concentration was 117.8 μg/mL; the resin adsorption time was 14 h; the pH of sample solution was 6.5; the elution rate was 3.0 BV/h. Conclusion This method is simple and feasible, fit for separating and purifying of extract from Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss.

Objective To analysis the occurrence status of breast disease in married women in Tangshan area,and to provide basis for early prevention of breast cancer in this region.Methods 773 married women in Tangshan area were given mammography examination.The tissue biopsy or surgical treatment was recommended for patients with above grade 3 of breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) classification to obtain pathological diagnosis.Results In 773 women,482 cases (62.35 ％) were diagnosed as BI-RADS grade 2 or below,256 cases (33.12 ％) were BI-RADS grade 3,33 cases (4.27 ％) were BI-RADS grade 4,2 cases (0.26 ％) were BI-RADS grade 5.The distribution of each BI-RADS grade among different age group was statistically significant (x2 =17.90,P ＜ 0.001),35 cases got pathological diagnosis by biopsy or surgical treatment,including 30 cases of mammary gland hyperplasia,3 cases of breast fibroadenoma,and 2 cases of breast cancer.Conclusion Women's mammography screening is important for the prevention and early detection of mammary gland diseases.

Objective To explore the way to evaluate hemodynamics of posterior circulation distal ischemia with PWI. Methods Thirty-two patients with vertebral basilar artery severe stenosis were reviewed and compared with thirty normal persons. Information and data of PWI and MRA were collected and analyzed. Following parameters were observed, index of vascular stenosis, collateral vessels, cerebral blood flow (rCBF), cerebral blood volume (rCBV), and mean transit time (rMTT). Results All the patients had at least one vertebral basilar artery with more than 70% stenosis. There were 17 cases with severe vertebral artery stenosis , 20 cases with severe basal artery stenosis , 8 cases with severe superior cerebellar artery stenosis , 17 cases with posterior cerebral artery stenosis , 22 cases with after the traffic artery open , 11 cases with soft meningeal arteries show and 12 cases with small artery show. The ratio of ROI with frontal white matter was lower than the rCBF and rCBV in the country group. MTT value was extended and P value of the parameters in both groups was less than 0.05, reflecting the statistical difference. Conclusions PWI combined with MRA can effectively evaluate the posterior circulation distal ischemia area and tissue perfusion , as well as the hemodynamic status of ischemia area.

Objective To investigate CT features on increased cerebral vascular density and its pathological mechanism in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease(CCHD).MethodsPreoperative brain CT scan and clinical data in 82 patients suffering from CCHD were analyzed. According to the increased levels of vascular density,patients were divided into 4 groups:normal,mild,moderate and severe.Relationships between the increased levels of vascular density and Hb,RBC,HCT,as well as the degree of cyanosis,were studied.AVONA was carried out to test blood CT value of cerebral sinuses,Hb,RBC and HCT in different groups. Descriptive analysis and linear regression were adopted to study the correlation between blood CT value and Hb concentration.The relationship of increased vascular density todegrees of cyanosis was analysed by Spearman.Results Among 82 patients,12 patients ( 14.6％ ) werefound in the group of normal vascular density and 70 patients ( 85.4％ ) in the increased vascular density group.Among 70 patients with increased vascular density,22 patients (26.8％ ) with (55.4 ± 2.6) HU,(169 ±6)g/L of Hb,(5.8 ±0.3) × 1012/L of RBC and 0.51 ±0.03 of HCT,29 patients (35.4％) with (61.3 ± 2.9) HU,(209 ± 15 ) g/L,(7.1 ± 0.4) × 1012/L,0.66 ± 0.06 and 19 patients ( 23.2％ ) with ( 68.8 ± 4.2) HU,( 242 ± 23 ) g/L,( 8.3 ± 0.9 ) × 1012/L,0.78 ± 0.08 were observed in the mild,moderateand severe group,respectively.There were significant differences in distribution of blood CT value ( HU),Hb,RBC and HCT in different groups ( F =163.263,134.703,120.974,136.541 ;P ＜ 0.01 ).Blood CT value was positively correlated with Hb concentration ( r =0.98,P ＜ 0.01 ). Vascular density was also positively correlated with the degree of cyanosis ( r =0.86,P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions Cerebral vascular density of patients suffering from CCHD presented different levels of increases based on CT scan results due to rise of RBC stimulated by anoxia.The increased level of vascular density was positively correlated with blood Hb concentration,and also associated with RBC accunulation caused by abnormal blood circulation.Moreover,it was positively correlated with the degree of cyanosis.