Objective To observe the value of CT radiomics-based nomogram for predicting difference of Lauren types of gastric cancers between endoscopic biopsy and postoperative pathology.Methods Totally 126 patients with gastric cancer diagnosed by surgical pathology were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into concordant group(n=77)and inconsistent group(n=49)according to the concordance between endoscopic biopsy and postoperative pathology results or not,also divided into training set and validation set at the ratio of 2∶1.Clinical predictors were screened,then a clinical prediction model was constructed.Radiomics features were extracted based on venous-phase CT images and screened using L1 regularization.Radiomics models were constructed using 3 machine learning(ML)algorithms,i.e.decision trees,random forests and logistic regression.The nomogram based on clinical and the best ML radiomics model was constructed,and the efficacy and clinical utility of the above models and nomogram for predicting inconsistency of Lauren types of gastric cancers between endoscopic biopsy and postoperative pathology were evaluated.Results Patients'age,platelet count,and arterial-phase CT values of tumors were all independent predictors of inconsistency between endoscopic biopsy and postoperative pathology of Lauren types of gastric cancer.CT radiomics model using random forests algorithm showed better predictive efficacy among 3 ML models,with the area under the curve(AUC)of 0.835 in training set and 0.724 in validation set,respectively.The AUC of clinical model,radiomics model and the nomogram in training set was 0.764,0.835 and 0.884,while was 0.760,0.724 and 0.841 in validation set,respectively.In both training set and validation set,the nomogram showed a good fit and considerable clinical utility.Conclusion CT radiomics-based nomogram had potential clinical application value for predicting inconsistency of Lauren types of gastric cancers between endoscopic biopsy and postoperative pathology.

Objective To understand the research hotspots and research trends about convolutional neural networks in the field of oncology imaging diagnosis by analyzing the characteristics of published literature at home and abroad over the past decade. Methods The SCI-E database was used as the data source to retrieve literature about convolutional neural networks in the field of oncology imaging diagnosis published from 2012 to 2022. The distribution characteristics of countries, institutions, journals, co-cited authors, and keywords of the studies were analyzed by CiteSpace software. Results A total of 1088 papers were eventually included, and they were mostly from China, the United States, and India. A total of 39 papers were published by Sun Yat-sen University, the research institution with the highest number of publications. Radiology Nuclear Medicine Medical Imaging was the journal with the highest number of publications. A total of 25 high-frequency keywords and 15 burst keywords were obtained. The formation of 12 author co-citation clusters such as image segmentation and lung nodule, as well as 11 keyword clusters such as automatic segmentation and breast cancer, was observed. Conclusion Current research on convolutional neural networks for oncology imaging diagnosis focuses on oncology segmentation, lung-nodule recognition, assisted diagnosis of breast cancer, and other high-frequency oncology.

Objective:To investigate the effects of mixed probiotics on food allergy and the underlying mechanism.Methods:BALB/c mice on the 15 th day of pregnancy were randomly (random number table method) classified into the control group, food allergy model group and mixed probiotics group.Mice in the food allergy model and mixed pro-biotics group were subjected to ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization after birth, and those in the mixed probiotics group were then given probiotic solution by gavage from day 21 to day 35.Mice in control group were similarly given 9 g/L saline.Twenty-four hours after the last OVA sensitization, intestinal histopathological sections were prepared to observe intestinal pathological changes.Blood smears were prepared to detect eosinophil count.In addition, serum samples were collected to measure cytokine levels and OVA specific antibodies.The number of dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in mouse mesenteric lymph nodes was calculated.Differences among 3 groups were compared by the One- Way ANOVA or Kruskal- Wallis H test. Results:Compared with those of food allergy model group, diarrhea score, the ratio of eosinophils and serum levels of interleukin(IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, mast cell protease 1 (MCPT-1), and OVA specific antibodies IgE and IgG were significantly lower in mixed probiotics group[(2.00±0.71) points vs.(3.22±0.97) points, (2.28±1.61)% vs.(10.99±2.26)%, (413.68±22.81) ng/L vs.(708.78±27.66) ng/L, (36.64±3.74) ng/L vs.(46.05±4.95) ng/L, (201.37±65.61) ng/L vs.(495.22±96.66) ng/L, (31 924.15±1 177.77) ng/L vs.(36 175.77±618.29) ng/L, (9.10±8.08) ng/L vs.(19.69±0.84) ng/L, (30.50±8.81) ng/L vs.(190.32±6.40) ng/L], while IL-10 level was significantly higher[(164.12±3.88) ng/L vs.(123.90±7.31) ng/L] ( t=3.37, 8.72, 16.07, 3.90, 7.40, 7.95, 3.91, 44.00 and 7.76, respectively, all P<0.01). Compared with those of food allergy model group, programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) level on the surface of CD 103+ DCs and CD 103+ CD 80-CD 40-DCs, the proportion of Tregs in CD4 + T cells, and the level of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) on the surface of Tregs were significantly higher in mixed probiotics group[(75.59±0.45)% vs.(45.60±4.73)%, (67.56±1.87)% vs.(37.12±6.07)%, (8.24±0.69)% vs.(6.20±0.66)%, (11.25±3.12)% vs.(4.08±2.33)%]( t=7.88, 4.48, 3.63 and 3.71, all P<0.01). Conclusions:Mixed probiotics can alleviate the symptoms of food allergy and inflammatory response of young rats through mediating Tregs via the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway.

Objective: To describe the CT features and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Method: A total of 9 COVID-19 infected pediatric patients were included in this study.Clinical history,laboratory examination,and detailed CT imaging features were analyzed.All patients underwent the first CT scanning on the same day of being diagnosed by realtime reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR).A low-dose CT scan was performed during follow-up.Results: All the child patients had positive results.Four patients had cough and one patient had fever.One patient presented both cough and fever.Two children presented other symptoms like sore throat and stuffy nose.One child showed no clinical symptom.Five patients had positive initial CT findings with subtle lesions like ground-glass opacity (GGO) or spot-like mixed consolidation.Three patients were reported with negative results in the initial and follow-up CT examination.One patient was reported with initial negative CT findings but turning positive during the first follow-up.All patients had absorbed lesions on follow-up CT images after treatment.Conclusion: Pediatric COVID-19 patients have certain imaging and clinical features as well as disease prognosis.Children with COVID-19 tend to have normal or subtle CT findings and relatively better outcome.

Objective To summarize the clinical and electroencephalogram features of neuronal ceroid lipofus-cinosis (NCL). Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical phenotypes and electroencephalogram features of pa-tients diagnosed with NCL in Department of Pediatrics,Peking University First Hospital from February 2000 to August 2015 were conducted. Results Among the 30 patients,18 were male and 12 were female. The age of onset was between 9 months to 7 years old. The first symptoms included seizure in 22 patients,psychomotor developmental delay or regre-ssion in 7 cases,and visual loss in 1 case. Clinical manifestations included psychomotor regression in 29 cases,epilepsy in 28 cases,visual impairment in 19 cases,ataxia in 20 patients,and positive pyramidal tract sign in 13 cases. Twenty-one patients accepted fundus oculi examination. Seven patients were found with macular degeneration,8 cases with optic nerve atrophy,2 cases with retinal pigment degeneration,and 8 patients were normal. Brain atrophy were found in all 30 cases,including diffuse brain atrophy in 14 cases,only cerebellar atrophy in 6 cases,and cerebral atrophy with periven-tricular T2W high signal in 10 cases. Video electroencephalogram(EEG)examination was performed in 27 patients and their backgrounds were diffuse slow waves. Seven patients didn't have physiological vertex sharp waves or sleep spin-dles. Generalized epileptiform discharges were captured in 6 cases,focal epileptiform discharges in 15 cases. Both of generalized and focal epileptiform discharges were captured in 6 cases. Generalized slow wave burst in 4 cases,and in-termittent photic stimulation evoked epileptiform discharges in 3 cases. Ten patients were observed with clinical sei-zures,including 4 cases of myoclonic episodes,3 cases of atypical absences,3 cases of focal seizures,1 case of atonic and one of tonic spasms. Peripheral blood enzyme examination was taken in 13 patients,among whom 8 patients were identified with tripeptidyl peptidase 1 (TPP1)deficiency and 1 patient with palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1) deficiency. Twenty-eight patients accepted skin and/or muscle electron microscope examination. Osmiophilic granular was found in 2 cases,curvilinear bodies in 15 cases,fingerprint profiles in 2 cases,curvilinear and linear bodies in 1 case,fingerprint profiles and osmiophilic granular in 1 case. NCL-related gene detection was conducted in 3 patients, with 1 patient identified with CLN6 compound heterozygous mutations and 2 patients with TPP1 homozygous mutations. Thirty patients were classified into 3 groups based on the onset age,enzymatic examination results and pathological examination of skin and muscle,including 5 cases of infantile NCL,20 cases of late-infantile NCL,and 5 cases of juvenile NCL. Conclusions The clinical features of NCL included multiple types of epileptic seizures (among which myoclonus was the most common type),psychomotor developmental delay or regression,vision loss,ataxia,and positive pyramidal tract sign. Its MRI was characterized with brain atrophy. EEG showed diffuse slow wave activity,with focal and/or generalized epileptiform discharges. Specific enzyme examination,and skin or muscle pathology or gene test could help to make diagnosis.

Teaching competition is an effective way for college and university teachers to improve their teaching skills. Based on the teaching practice and experience in medical parasitology,this paper discusses several key issues in teaching competition including topics,teaching designs and teaching methods. It provides references for the teachers in department of parasitology of universities and colleges to improve the quality of classroom teaching.

Objective To analyze the clinical value of 1.5T MRI DWI and SWI sequence in the diagnosis of cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage.Methods A total of 28 patients with cerebral infarction were selected as control group,and 28 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were selected as observation group.The PHILPS 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging system was applied.The patients were examined by T1WI and T2WI sequence scanning,and DWI and SWI sequence images were obtained.In the two groups,lesions around the center and different characteristics of SWI and DWI were observed and compared,and the measurement of peripheral lesions were measured for calculating the central area of the PV and ADC.Results There was no significant difference between T1WI and T2WI in patients with cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction,but there was significant difference between DWI sequence and DWI sequence.MRI routine examination showed that there were no significant differences in detection rates of T1WI sequence and T2WI sequence between two groups,but the detection rate of DWI sequence in the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,while detection rate of DWI sequence was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).The central area of ADC in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group,and the PV value of the hematoma area was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Collections of DWI and SWI images of cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage by magnetic resonance prove that there are significant differences between characteristics of two images.

Objective To analyze the clinical value of 1.5T MRI DWI and SWI sequence in the diagnosis of cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage.Methods A total of 28 patients with cerebral infarction were selected as control group,and 28 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were selected as observation group.The PHILPS 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging system was applied.The patients were examined by T1WI and T2WI sequence scanning,and DWI and SWI sequence images were obtained.In the two groups,lesions around the center and different characteristics of SWI and DWI were observed and compared,and the measurement of peripheral lesions were measured for calculating the central area of the PV and ADC.Results There was no significant difference between T1WI and T2WI in patients with cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction,but there was significant difference between DWI sequence and DWI sequence.MRI routine examination showed that there were no significant differences in detection rates of T1WI sequence and T2WI sequence between two groups,but the detection rate of DWI sequence in the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,while detection rate of DWI sequence was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).The central area of ADC in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group,and the PV value of the hematoma area was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Collections of DWI and SWI images of cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage by magnetic resonance prove that there are significant differences between characteristics of two images.

BACKGROUND:Herba epimedi, a traditional Chinese medicine, has a long time in dealing with various orthopedic disorders. Icarinwithmany biological activites is one of the most important compositions of Herba epimedi. OBJECTIVE:Toinvestigate the effects of icarin on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cels and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were treated using icarin with or without osteogenic mediumin vitro. Osteogenic differentiation markers, including runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and osterix, were detected by real time-qPCR. Alizarin red staining was used to measure calcium nodes generated by osteoblasts induced frombonemarrow mesenchymal stem cels. The proximal tibia bone structure of rats fed with icarin (2 mgperday) for 5 weeks was detected and analyzed by MicroCT. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Icarin was able to promote the expression of genes related to osteogenic differentiation in the absence or presence of osteogenic induction. Icarin could obviously increase the quantity of calcium nodes whenmesenchymal stem celswere cultured in the osteogenic medium. The animal experiment showed that icarin improved formation of trabecular bone.

AIM:ToinvestigatetheroleofMALAT1incolorectalcancermetastasis.METHODS:ThemRNA expression levels of MALAT1 and Rac1b in the tumor and adjacent normal tissues were examined by real-time PCR. MALAT1 was knocked down by siRNA in colorectal cancer cell lines .The expression of Rac1b and the epithelial-mesen-chymal transition markers was examined by Western blot .Cell proliferation was determined by EdU analysis .The effects of MALAT1 on the cell migration and invasion were examined by Transwell assay .RESULTS: The expression of MALAT1 was down-regulated in colorectal cancer .Down-regulation of MALAT1 induced Rac1b overexpression, which in turn in-creased the expression levels of E-cadherin and β-catenin.Furthermore, down-regulation of MALAT1 promoted the cell proliferation, invasion and migration.CONCLUSION:MALAT1 is associated with metastasis of colorectal cancer through regulating the expression of Rac1b and the downstream factors.