OBJECTIVE To provide a detailed report and interpretation of the method and results for determining the weights of the technical indicators from the “multi-dimensional and multi-criteria comprehensive evaluation index system （first edition）” stated in Guideline for Multi-dimensional and Multi-criteria Comprehensive Evaluation of Chinese Patent Medicine. METHODS Normalization calculations were performed on the comprehensive weight values calculated by the analytic hierarchy process and expert weighting method to obtain the objective weights of the indicators. RESULTS The weight results of the six primary dimensions in the current comprehensive evaluation indicator system of Chinese patent medicine showed effectiveness dimension＞ safety dimension＞standard dimension＞application dimension＞scientific dimension＞economic dimension， with weight values of 0.281 0， 0.268 5， 0.195 8， 0.107 3， 0.096 1 and 0.051 3 respectively， consistent with the results of most researches currently. CONCLUSIONS The process of weight determination in this indicator system is scientifically reasonable， with clear methods and clear interpretations， and is worthy of further optimization and widespread application.

Objective:To discuss the effect of royal jelly acid(10-HDA)on the proliferation and migration of the human colon cancer SW620 cells based on the network pharmacology,and to clarify its related molecular mechanism.Methods:The active ingredients such as 10-HDA and their corresponding targets were retrieved by using the keyword"royal jelly"from the Traditiomal Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology(TMSCP)Database and the Traditiomal Chinese Medicine Integrated Database(TCMID);the small molecule targets were predicted by the Swiss Target Prediction Database.The GeneCards Database and the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM)Database were used to obtain the targets with the keyword"Colon Cancer";the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed by using the String Database and Cytoscape 3.8.0 Software to screen the core targets;the Gene Ontology(GO)function enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)signaling pathway enrichment analysis were analyzed by Metascape Database;the specific ingredient 10-HDA was screened for the in vitro activity experiments.The human colon cancer SW620 cells with good growth status were divided into control group and different doses(1,5,10,15,and 20 mmol·L-1)of 10-HDA groups.The viabilities of the cells in various groups were detected by MTT method and the survival rates of the cells were calculated.The SW620 cells were divided into control group,low dose(5 mmol·L-1)of 10-HDA group,middle dose(10 mmol·L-1)of 10-HDA group,and high dose(15 mmol·L-1)of 10-HDA group;Hoechst33342 staining method was used to observe the morphology of the cells in various groups;cell scratch test was used to detect the scratch healing rates of the cells in various groups;flow cytometry was used to detect the percentages of the cells at different cell cycles in various groups;biochemical method was used to detect the activities of total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the cells in various groups;Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2),Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax),cysteine-containing aspartate proteolytic enzyme-3(Caspase-3),cysteine-containing aspartate proteolytic enzyme-9(Caspase-9),glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3β),β-catenin,and cyclin D1 proteins in the cells in various groups.Results:Six active ingredients of royal jelly were screened out by the TCMSP Database,and 28 core targets of 10-HDA in the treatment of colon cancer were obtained.The GO function enrichment analysis mainly included the signaling pathways such as cell proliferation and apoptosis.The KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis included the cell cycle,prostate cancer,cell senescence,and p53 signaling pathways;the GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway was closely related to the cell cycle.Compared with control group,the viabilities of the cells in 5,10,15,and 20 mmol·L-110-HDA groups were decreased in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the numbers of apoptotic cells in different doses of 10-HDA groups were significantly increased,and the scratch healing rates of the cells were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the percentages of the cells at S phase in middle and high doses of 10-HDA groups were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the activities of T-AOC and SOD in the cells in different doses of 10-HDA groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with control group,the expression level of Bcl-2 protein in the cells in low dose of 10-HDA group was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the expression level of GSK3β protein was significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with control group,the expression levels of Bax,Caspase-3,Caspase-9,and GSK3β proteins in the cells in middle and high doses of 10-HDA groups were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the expression levels of Bcl-2,β-catenin,and CyclinD1 proteins were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion:10-HDA can significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration of the colon cancer cells and promote the apoptosis and oxidation levels of the colon cancer cells,and its mechanism may be related to the activation of the GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.

In developing rapid and living guidelines of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in response to public health emergencies， it is important that evidence continue to be reviewed， and clinical questions and recommendations updated if necessary， due to the rapid changes in disease progression and the continuous generation of relevant research evidence. This paper proposed that the updating scope in dynamic mode should first be identified； then evidence monitoring should be carried out in four aspects， including clinical research， related guidelines or laws and regulations， disease progression， as well as clinical use of recommendations and clinical needs； finally， based on the results of the evidence monitoring， different options should be made， including revising the clinical questions， updating the evidence and recommendations， and withdrawing the guideline.

AIM:To investigate the effect of vaccarin(VAC)on endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and to uncover the underlying mechanisms.METHODS:(1)C57BL/6 mice received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and were fed with a high-fat diet(21.8 kJ/kg,60%of the energy source was fat)to construct a T2DM mouse model.Thirty mice were randomly divided into control,T2DM and T2DM+VAC groups,with 10 mice in each group.The mice in T2DM+VAC group were given 1 mg/kg VAC via oral gavage for 6 weeks,while those in control and T2DM groups were given the same volume of PBS.The mRNA and protein expression levels of BCL2-interacting pro-tein 3(BNIP3),PTEN-induced kinase 1(PINK1)and parkin in the thoracic aorta were detected by RT-qPCR and West-ern blot.(2)Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)were stimulated by high glucose(HG;35 mmol/L glu-cose).Mitochondrial membrane potential,autophagy and mitochondrial superoxide levels were detected using JC-1,acri-dine orange(AO)and MitoSOX staining,respectively.RESULTS:Compared with control group,the mRNA and protein levels of BNIP3,PINK1 and parkin were significantly increased in the thoracic aorta of T2DM mice(P<0.05).Compared with T2DM group,the mRNA and protein levels of BNIP3,PINK1 and parkin in the thoracic aorta were significantly re-duced in T2DM+VAC group(P<0.05).The results of JC-1,AO and MitoSOX staining showed that VAC attenuated the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and the increase in autophagy and mitochondrial superoxide levels in HG-in-duced HUVECs.Treatment with VAC also inhibited HG-mediated mitochondrial damage in HUVECs after BNIP3 overex-pression.The effect of miR-570-3p mimic on mitochondrial damage was similar to VAC.RT-qPCR and Western blot showed that both miR-570-3p mimic and VAC significantly reduced the mRNA and protein levels of BNIP3,PINK1 and parkin.In contrast,inhibition of miR-570-3p exhibited the opposite effects.CONCLUSION:Treatment with VAC alle-viated endothelial dysfunction in T2DM by inhibiting HG-induced mitochondrial dysfunction through miR-570-3p/BNIP3.

Objective To explore the optimal method for preparing fresh and fixed skeletal muscle tissues,and to lay an experimental foundation for the rapid diagnosis of and research into the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle diseases.Methods The tibialis anterior muscle was extracted from C57BL/6J mice.Fresh tissue was treated by direct rapid freezing in liquid nitrogen,embedding combined with liquid nitrogen freezing,and foreign body alkane treatment combined with liquid nitrogen freezing.Fixed tissues were pre-treated by direct embedding with embedding agent combined with rapid liquid nitrogen freezing.The frozen sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin.The cross-sectional areas of ice crystals and muscle fibers were calculated to evaluate the effects of the different pre-treatment method.Results The morphology of the muscle fiber bundles was disrupted and numerous ice crystal vacuoles were observed in fresh tissues after direct liquid nitrogen freezing and foreign body alkane treatment combined with liquid nitrogen freezing.In contrast,the muscle fiber bundles were intact and dense and there were no ice crystals in tissues treated with embedding agent combined with rapid liquid nitrogen freezing,indicating that this pre-treatment method was suitable for preparing fresh skeletal muscle tissue.Fixed tissue treated with embedding agent and liquid nitrogen freezing also showed complete muscle fiber bundles and no ice crystals.Conclusions Treatment of fresh and fixed skeletal muscle tissues with embedding agent combined with rapid liquid nitrogen freezing preserves muscle fiber bundles,with no ice crystals.Tissues prepared by this method are thus suitable for further examinations,such as immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.This method will therefore aid the accurate and rapid diagnosis of and research into the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle diseases.

Objective To evaluate the risk of bias and reporting quality in randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of the Chinese medicine injection for acute cerebral infarction in the last five years.Methods RCTs literature on Chinese medicine injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction was systematically searched in CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,China Biology Medicine Database(CBM),PubMed,Embase and Cochrane Library from April 20,2018 to April 20,2023.The risk of bias and reporting quality of included RCTs were evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool(ROB 1.0)and CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017,respectively.Results A total of 4 301 articles were retrieved,and 408 RCTs were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.The ROB evaluation results showed that the the majority of studies were rated as having an unclear risk of bias due to the lack of reporting on allocation concealment,blind method,trial registration information,and funding sources.The evaluation results of CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017 showed that the number of reported papers of 17 items was greater than or equal to 50%,and the number of reported papers of 25 items was less than 10%,and most of the RCTs did not show the characteristics of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment.Conclusion The quality of Chinese medicine injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction RCTs is generally low.It is recommended that researchers refer to the methodology design of RCTs and international reporting standards,improve the trial design,standardize the trial report,and highlight the characteristics of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and mechanism of Shenling Baizhusan on the treatment of oligoasthenospermia with hyperuricemia （HUA）. MethodThirty-two male Kunming （KM） mice were randomly divided into blank group （n=6）， model group （n=6）， high-dose Shenling Baizhusan group （n=7）， low-dose Shenling Baizhusan group （n=7）， and febuxostat group （n=6）. Except for the blank group， all other groups received intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxazinate suspension （600 mg·kg^-1） for 7 days. After modeling， the high-dose Shenling Baizhusan group and the low-dose Shenling Baizhusan group were orally administered with 20.14 g·kg^-1 and 10.07 g·kg^-1 of Shenling Baizhusan， respectively. The Febuxostat group was orally administered with 0.25 g·kg^-1 of Febuxostat， while the blank group and model group were orally administered with the same volume of physiological saline. Oral administration was performed once a day for 14 consecutive days， after which samples were collected. Biochemical methods were used to measure serum uric acid （UA）， superoxide dismutase （SOD） and malondialdehyde （MDA） in testicular tissue. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in testicular tissue and evaluate the spermatogenesis function. Automated sperm analyzer was used to measure sperm density and motility. Single-cell gel electrophoresis （SCGE） was used to assess sperm DNA integrity. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） was used to detect testicular cell apoptosis rate. Western blot analysis was performed to measure the protein expression levels of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 （Keap1）， nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1）， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， and Caspase-3 in testicular tissue. Real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） was conducted to evaluate the mRNA expression levels of Keap1， Nrf2， and HO-1 in testicular tissue. ResultCompared with the blank group， the model group showed elevated serum UA level （P<0.01）， decreased testicular spermatogenesis function， sperm density， and motility （P<0.01）， and increased sperm trailing rate and testicular cell apoptosis rate （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the high-dose Shenling Baizhusan group showed significant improvements in the above-mentioned indicators （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Additionally， the expression levels of Keap1， Bax， and Caspase-3 in testicular tissue were reduced， while the expression levels of Nrf2， HO-1， and Bcl-2 increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The mRNA level of Keap1 decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while the mRNA levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionShenling Baizhusan can significantly improve HUA oligoasthenospermia， and its mechanism may be related to the Nrf2/antioxidant response element （ARE） signaling pathway.

WHO Guideline on Country Pharmaceutical Pricing Policies,published in 2020,outlines 10 commonly used pricing methods internationally.However,due to the unique composition of costs for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),directly applying pricing methods designed for chemical and biological drugs may lead to discrepancies.Currently,in China,drug pricing primarily in-volves internal reference pricing,tender negotiation pricing,promoting the use of quality-assured generic and biosimilar drugs,and centralized procurement.It systematically analyzes various pricing methods and identifies their applicability and underlying reasons concerning the pricing of TCMwithin the medical insurance system.The method of value-based pricing and increasing price transparency has advantages for the pricing regulation of traditional Chinese medicine under medical insurance.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and prognostic influencing factors of radical surgery for duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 741 duodenal GIST patients who under-went radical surgery in 17 medical centers, including 121 cases in Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 121 cases in Chinese PLA General Hospital, 116 cases in Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 77 cases in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 77 cases in West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 31 cases in Guangdong Provincial People′s Hospital, 24 cases in Fujian Cancer Hospital, 22 cases in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 25 cases in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 19 cases in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 23 cases in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 17 cases in Liaoning Cancer Hospital＆Institute, 17 cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 15 cases in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 14 cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 14 cases in Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University and 8 cases in General Hospital of Chinese People′s Liberation Army Air Force, from January 2010 to April 2020 were collected. There were 346 males and 395 females, aged 55(range, 17?86)years. Observation indicators: (1) neoadjuvant treatment; (2) surgical and postoperative situations; (3) follow-up; (4) stratified analysis. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examination or telephone interview. Patients were followed up once every 3?6 months during neoadjuvant therapy and once every 6?12 months after radical surgery to detect tumor recurrence and survival of patient up to April 2022. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was conducted using chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw survival curves and calculate survival rates. Log-rank test was used for survival analysis. The COX regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses. Propensity score matching was done by the 1∶1 nearest neighbor matching method, and the matching tolerance was 0.02. Results:(1) Neoadjuvant therapy. Of the 741 patients, 34 cases received neoadjuvant therapy for 8(range, 3?44)months. Cases assessed as partial response, stable disease and progressive disease before the radical surgery of the 34 cases were 21, 9, 4, respectively. The tumor diameter of the 34 patients before the neoadjuvant therapy and before the radical surgery were 8.0(range, 3.0?26.0)cm and 5.3(range, 3.0?18.0)cm, with the regression rate as 31.9%(range, ?166.7% to 58.3%). (2) Surgical and postoperative situations. Of the 741 patients, 34 cases underwent radical surgery after receiving neoadjuvant therapy, and 707 cases underwent radical surgery directly. All the 741 patients underwent radical surgery successfully, in which 633, 102 and 6 cases received open surgery, laparoscopic surgery and endoscopic treatment, respectively. Of the 633 cases receiving open surgery and the 102 cases receiving laparoscopic surgery, cases with surgical resection range as pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) was 238, and cases with surgical resection range as duodenal limited resection, including duodenal wedge resection, distal gastrectomy, segmental duodenal resection, local resection of duodenal tumor or segmental duodenum combined with subtotal gastrectomy, was 497, 226, 55, 204, 12. Of the 741 patients, 131 cases had post-operative complications including 113 cases with grade Ⅰ?Ⅱ complications and 18 cases with ≥ grade Ⅲ complications of the Clavien-Dindo classification. The duration of postoperative hospital stay of the 741 patients was 13(range, 4?120)days. Of the 707 patients receiving direct radical surgery, 371 cases were evaluated as extremely low risk, low risk, medium risk of the modified National Institutes of Health (NIH) risk classification after surgery, and 336 cases were evaluated as high risk in which 205 cases receive postoperative adjuvant imatinib therapy with the treatment time as 24(range, 6?110)months. (3) Follow-up. All the 741 patients were followed up for 58(range, 7?150)months. During the follow-up, 110 patients had tumor recurrence and metastasis. The 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rates and 1-, 3-, 5-year disease-free survival rates of the 741 patients were 100.0%, 98.6%, 94.5% and 98.4%, 90.9%, 84.9%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rates and 1-, 3-, 5-year disease-free survival rates of the 707 patients receiving direct radical surgery were 100.0%, 98.5%, 94.3% and 98.4%, 91.1%, 85.4%, respectively. (4) Stratified analysis. ① Analysis of prognostic factors in patients undergoing radical surgery directly. Results of univariate analysis showed that primary tumor location, tumor diameter, mitotic count, modified NIH risk classification and tumor gene information were related factors affecting the overall survival of 707 patients with primary duodenal GIST who underwent direct radical surgery ( hazard ratio=0.43, 0.18, 0.22, 0.06, 0.29, 95% confidence intervals as 0.20?0.93, 0.09?0.35, 0.10?0.50, 0.03?0.12, 0.09?0.95, P<0.05). The primary tumor location, tumor diameter, mitotic count, modified NIH risk classification were related factors affecting the disease-free survival of 707 patients with primary duodenal GIST who underwent direct radical surgery ( hazard ratio=0.65, 0.25, 0.25, 0.10, 95% confidence intervals as 0.41?1.03, 0.17?0.37, 0.15?0.42, 0.07?0.15, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that primary tumor located at the horizontal segment of duodenum, mitotic count >5/50 high power field, tumor gene KIT exon 9 mutation were independent risk factors affecting the overall survival of 365 patients with primary duodenal GIST after removing 342 patients without tumor gene information who underwent direct radical surgery ( hazard ratio=2.85, 2.73, 3.13, 95% confidence intervals as 1.12?7.20, 1.07?6.94, 1.23?7.93, P<0.05). Tumor diameter >5 cm and mitotic count >5/50 high power field were independent risk factors affecting the disease-free survival of 707 patients with primary duodenal GIST who underwent direct radical surgery ( hazard ratio=3.19, 2.98, 95% confidence intervals as 2.05?4.97, 1.99?4.45, P<0.05). ② Effect of postoperative adjuvant therapy on prognosis of high-risk patients of modified NIH risk classification. Of the 336 patients evaluated as high risk of the modified NIH risk classification, the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate were 94.6% and 77.3% in the 205 cases with postoperative adjuvant therapy, versus 83.2% and 64.4% in the 131 cases without postoperative adjuvant therapy, showing significant differences between them ( χ2=8.39, 4.44, P<0.05). Of the 205 patients evaluated as high risk of the modified NIH risk classification who received postoperative adjuvant therapy, there were 106 cases receiving postoperative adjuvant therapy <36 months, with the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate were 87.1% and 58.7%, and there were 99 cases receiving post-operative adjuvant therapy ≥36 months, with the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate were 100.0% and 91.5%. There were significant differences in the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate between the 106 patients and the 99 patients ( χ2=13.92, 29.61, P<0.05). ③ Comparison of clinical efficacy of patients with different surgical methods. Before propensity score matching, cases with primary tumor located at bulb, descending, horizontal, ascending segment of duodenum, cases with tumor diameter ≤5 cm and >5 cm were 95, 307, 147, 34, 331, 252, in the 583 patients receiving open surgery with complete clinical data, versus 15, 46, 17, 5, 67, 16 in the 83 patients receiving laparoscopic surgery with complete clinical data, showing no significant difference in the primary tumor location ( χ2=0.94, P>0.05), and a significant difference in the tumor diameter ( χ2=17.33, P<0.05) between them. After propensity score matching, the above indicator were 16, 39, 20, 8, 67, 16 in the 83 patients receiving open surgery, versus 15, 46, 17, 5, 67, 16 in the 83 patients receiving laparoscopic surgery, showing no significant difference between them ( χ2=1.54, 0.00, P>0.05). Cases with postoperative complications, cases with grade Ⅰ?Ⅱ complica-tions and ≥grade Ⅲ complications of the Clavien-Dindo classification, duration of postoperative hospital stay, the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate were 17, 12, 5, 11(range, 5?120)days, 92.0%, 100.0% in the 83 patients receiving open surgery, versus 9, 7, 2, 11(range, 5?41)days, 91.6%, 97.3% in the 83 patients receiving laparoscopic surgery, showing no signi-ficant difference in postoperative complications, duration of postoperative hospital stay, the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate ( χ2=2.91, Z=3 365.50, χ2=3.02, 1.49, P>0.05) between them. There was no significant difference in complications of the Clavien-Dindo classification between them ( P>0.05). ④ Comparison of clinical efficacy of patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent surgery with different surgical resection scopes. Before propensity score matching, cases with tumor diameter ≤5 cm and >5 cm, cases with tumor located at opposite side of mesangium and mesangium were 71, 85, 28, 128 in the 156 patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent PD with complete clinical data, versus 92, 41, 120, 13 in the 133 patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent duodenal limited resection with complete clinical data, showing significant differences between them ( χ2=16.34, 150.10, P<0.05). After propensity score matching, the above indicator were 28, 13, 16, 25 in the 41 patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent PD with complete clinical data, versus 28, 13, 16, 25 in the 41 patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent duodenal limited resection with complete clinical data, showing no significant difference between them ( χ2=0.00, 0.00, P>0.05). Cases with postopera-tive complications, cases with grade Ⅰ?Ⅱ complications and ≥grade Ⅲ compli-cations of the Clavien-Dindo classification, duration of postoperative hospital stay, the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate were 13, 11, 2, 15(range, 9?62)days, 94.2%, 64.3% in the 41 patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent PD with complete clinical data, versus 9, 8, 0, 15(range, 7?40)days, 100.0%, 78.8% in the 41 patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent duodenal limited resection with complete clinical data, showing no significant difference in post-operative complica-tions, the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate ( χ2=0.99, 0.34, 1.86, P>0.05) between them. There was no significant difference in complications of the Clavien-Dindo classification ( P>0.05) and there was a significant difference in duration of postopera-tive hospital stay ( Z=614.50, P<0.05) between them. Conclusions:The clinical efficacy of radical surgery for duodenal GIST are ideal. Primary tumor located at the horizontal segment of duodenum, mitotic count >5/50 high power field, tumor gene KIT exon 9 mutation are independent risk factors affec-ting the overall survival of patients undergoing direct radical surgery and tumor diameter >5 cm and mitotic count >5/50 high power field are independent risk factors affecting the disease-free survival of patients. There is no significant difference in the short-term efficacy and long-term prognosis between patients undergoing open surgery and laparoscopic surgery. For patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum, the duration of postoperative hospital stay is longer in patients undergoing PD compared with patients undergoing duodenal limited resection. For patients evaluated as high risk of the modified NIH risk classification, posto-perative adjuvant therapy and treatment time ≥36 months are conducive to improving the prognosis of patients.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of haplotype hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HIDT) and sibling matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (MSDT) in the treatment of complete remission (CR) acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) .Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 98 patients who underwent HSCT in Hebei Yanda Ludaopei hospital with HID ( n=81) or ISD ( n=17) between May 2012 and May 2016. Results:The incidence of grades 2-4 and 3-4 acute-versus-host disease 100 days after HSCT were 51.9% (95% Confidence interval [ CI] 42.0%-64.0%) vs 29.4% (95% CI 14.1%-61.4%) ( P=0.072) and 9.8% (95% CI 5.1%-19.1%) vs 11.8% (95% CI 3.2%-43.3%) ( P=1.000) for HIDT and MSDT. The 100-day cumulative incidences of CMV and EBV viremia were 53.1% (95% CI 43.3%-65.2%) vs 29.4% (95% CI 14.1%-61.4%) ( P=0.115) and 35.8% (95% CI 26.8%-47.9%) vs11.8% (95% CI 3.2%-43.3%) ( P=0.048) . The 5-year overall survival, leukemia-free survival, cumulative incidences of relapse, and no-relapse mortality were 60.5% (95% CI 5.4%-49.0%) vs 68.8% (95% CI 11.8%-40.0%) ( P=0.315) , 58.0% (95% CI 5.5%-46.5%) vs 68.8% (95% CI 11.8%-40.0%) ( P=0.258) , 16.1% (95% CI 9.8%-26.4%) vs 11.8% (95% CI 3.2%-43.3%) ( P=0.643) , 25.9% (95% CI 17.9%-37.5%) vs 19.4% (95% CI 6.9%-54.4%) ( P=0.386) for HIDT and MSDT, respectively. Conclusion:HID could be a valid alternative donor for patients with T-ALL in CR lacking an identical donor.