Poisoning induced by inhalation of hydrogen chloride has significant effects on the respiratory system. It can cause severe pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the early stage, and even death in critical cases. As a novel treatment for ARDS, the efficacy of sivelestat sodium in infection-induced ARDS has been widely verified, but its application in ARDS caused by chemical poisoning is still scarce in literature. Here we report a case of ARDS induced by hydrogen chloride inhalation which was successfully treated with sivelestat sodium and conventional treatment.

Poisoning induced by inhalation of hydrogen chloride has significant effects on the respiratory system. It can cause severe pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the early stage, and even death in critical cases. As a novel treatment for ARDS, the efficacy of sivelestat sodium in infection-induced ARDS has been widely verified, but its application in ARDS caused by chemical poisoning is still scarce in literature. Here we report a case of ARDS induced by hydrogen chloride inhalation which was successfully treated with sivelestat sodium and conventional treatment.

Objective:To investigate the Correlation between ADC combined with serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP), It provides scientific basis for early prediction of DEACMP.Methods:According to the design principle of case-control study, the data of acute carbon monoxide poisoning (ACOP) patients admitted to Shandong Provincial Hospital from December 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively selected. Among them, patients with DEACMP were selected as the case group, without DEACMP were used as the control group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of ADC combined with CRP as a combined predictor for disease.Results:A total of 89 patients with ACOP were included, including 33 patients with DEACMP and 56 patients without DEACMP. There were no significant differences in gender, age, smoking, drinking, and underlying diseases (hypertension, coronary heart disease) between groups ( P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that white blood cell count (WBC) ( OR=1.64, 95% CI: 1.19-2.26, P=0.003), CRP ( OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.03-1.45, P=0.019) and ADC value of central semiovale white matter ( OR=0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-1.00, P=0.010) were associated with DEACMP in patients with ACOP. The ROC curve results showed that the area under the ROC of ADC combined with CRP in the center of semiovale was 0.765 (95% CI: 0.656-0.845), the specificity was 87.9%, the sensitivity was 23.2%, and the cut-off value was 3.5°. Conclusions:WBC, CRP and ADC value of central semiovale are independent factors for DEACMP. ADC value of central semiovale combined with CRP has more clinical value in the early diagnosis of DEACMP. For ACOP patients with DEACMP triggering factors, the diagnosis and treatment awareness of early screening of brain magnetic resonance imaging should be strengthened to avoid DEACMP.

Objective To establish a quick method to analyze vinorelbine ( NVB) in plasma of beagle dogs and study its pharmacokinetics of long-circulation and thermosensitive liposome loaded vinorelbine bitartrate.Methods The plasma was treated with liquid-liquid extraction after precipitation in methanol.The analysis was perfomed on a Venusil XBP C18 column(2.1 mm ×50 mm, 3 μm) at 35℃,the mobile phase consisted of methanol and water( containing 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate, 1%acetonitrile) 80∶20 and injection volume was 10μl.The type of mass spectrum was multireactive monitoring(MRM) in a positive mode.The monitor transitions were m/z 779.4-765.4 for vinorelbine and m/z 825.4-122 for vincristine.Results The concentration range from 10 to 2500 ng/ml had a good linearity ( r=0.0994).The precision, accuracy and extraction efficiency were acceptable.The plasma samples were stable for 10 days at -20℃ and 24 h at room temperature.Pharmacokinetic study in beagle dogs showed that the main parameters for injection and liposome were Cmax(833.51 ±150.42) and (1397.95 ±443.05)ng/ml, AUC(0-t) (577.16 ±223.57) and (1059.82 ±408.27) ng/ml· h, Cl(3014.64 ±1049.17)and 1633.10 ±551.77 ml/(h· kg), respectively.Conclusion A reliable HPLC-MS/MS method for vinorelbine analysis is established and can be applied to the pharmacokinetics study of liposome.The results show that liposome has a higher AUC, Cmax and longer Cl than injection.Meanwhile, liposome has a lower irritability.

Objective To investigate modified technique of renal transplantation model in rats.Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were selected as donors ( n=21 ) and Wistar rats as recipients ( n=42 ) .Renal allografts of both sides were harvested from the donors for renal transplantation.After resection of left kidney , end-to-end anastomosis of renal arteries between donor and recipient was performed by the assistance of home-made catheter.And end-to-end anastomosis between recipient's renal vein and donor's inferior vena cava was also performed.The donor's ureter with bladder patch was anastomosed to the recipient's bladder.Finally the right kidney was removed , cefminox (10 mg) was injected intraperitoneally , and then the abdominal cavity was closed.The operation data were recorded , including the operation time , artery and vein anastomosis time , cold and warm ischemia time and so on.Living for 3 days after operation was regarded as a success model.The success rate of modeling was calculated and the cause of death was analyzed.Results The operation time of donor was (32.7 ±5.6) min, and repair time for kidney was (4.2 ±1.1) min.The operation time of recipient was (42.3 ±42.3) min, including (10.1 ±3.2) min of the artery anastomosis time , (13.9 ±2.5) min of vein anastomosis time, (6.3 ±1.4) min of urinary tract reconstruction time.Warm ischemia time was (5.4 ± 1.8) s, and cold ischemia time was (56.2 ±7.3) min.In 42 recipient rats, 40 rats were successful modeling and the success rate was 95.2%.Two rats died.One died of artery anastomosis hemorrhage , and the other died of diffuse peritonitis caused by urine leakage.Conclusions Renal transplantation model in rats with modified vascular end-to-end anastomosis has the characters of simple handling , short operation time and high success rate.

Objective To investigate the pathologic mechanism of radiofrequency ablation ( RFA ) combined with intravenous infusion of thermosensitive liposome encapsulated vinorelbine (TL-Vin) in treating liver tumors, and to analyze the effect of combination therapy on the long-term survival rate. Methods H22 liver adenocarcinoma tissue was subcutaneously implanted into ICR mice to establish the animal models. At the first experimental period, 40 mice were randomly and equally divided into 5 groups to receive different therapeutic scheme (using different TL-Vin concentrations). Twenty-four hours after the treatment the tumor specimens were collected, the necrotic areas were measured separately, and the optimal TL-Vin concentration was determined. At the second experimental period, 13 mice were randomly selected to receive treatment. Half an hour after the treatment the tumor tissues were collected and the TL-Vin concentration within the tumor was determined. At the third experimental period, 32 mice were randomly and equally divided into 4 groups, and 90 days after treatment the tumor growth curve was drawn. The survival rate was compared between each other of the groups. Results Compared with pure RFA group, TL-Vin + RFA significantly increased tumor coagulation extent (P<0.01). But free-VIN+RFA had similar tumor necrotic extent as that produced by RFA alone (P>0.05). Tumor coagulation area in TL-Vin + RFA group was bigger than that in free-VIN + RFA group at the concentration of 10 mg/kg [(341.8 ± 65.4)mm2 vs (225.3 ± 25.4)mm2, P < 0.01]. In TL-Vin group the coagulation margin was clear. The mean intratumoral Vinorelbine accumulation in TL-Vin + RFA group was 10 folds of that in free-Vin group [(1 156.5 ± 158.3)ng/ml vs (194.5 ± 52.3)ng/ml, P = 0.005]. TL-Vin +RFA had better survival result than that of RFA alone (37.6 ± 20.1 days vs. 23.4 ± 5.0 days, P=0.015), as well as than that of free-Vin + RFA [(37.6 ± 20.1)days vs (23.3 ± 1.2)days, P = 0.016]. Conclusion Thermosensitive liposomal chemotherapies (Vinorelbine) can be selectively delivered at the edge of RFA coagulation area and thus effectively increase RFA-induced tumor coagulation and prolong the end-point survival in experimental mice.

An on-line solid phase extraction ( SPE ) coupled with HPLC-MS/MS method was developed to determine S-ammuxetine and R-ammuxetine in rat plasma. The sample preparation consisted of the following steps:A protein precipitation extraction used methanol and acetonitrile ( 50:50 , V/V ); an on-line SPE treatment to remove most matrixes in plasma;an enrichment and separation step used a C18 analytical column. S-and R-ammuxetine were determined by tandem mass spectrometry. The SPE column was a Retain PEP Javelin (10 mm × 2. 1 mm × 5 μm), while the chromatographic separation was achieved using a ZORBAX SB-C18 (50 mm × 2. 1 mm × 3. 5 μm) analytical column with an isocratic mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-water-formic acid (40:60:0. 1, V/V/V, 0. 3 mL/min). The selected reaction monitoring mode of the positive ion was performed and the precursor to the product ion transitions of m/z 292 . 1/154 . 0 and m/z 260. 4/116. 2 were used to measure S-ammuxetine, R-ammuxetine and internal standard (propranolol). The method was linear over a concentration range from 0 . 2 to 1000 μg/L with the correlation coefficients of 0 . 9903 and 0 . 9951 . The average intra-day precision values were 1 . 2% -12 . 0% for S-ammuxetine and 0. 4%-11. 2% for R-ammuxetine, respectively. The average recoveries were 94. 2%-101. 6% for S-ammuxetine and 94. 3% -109. 4% for R-ammuxetine. Compared to the literature, the sensitivity of this method increased dramatically. The present method has been successfully applied to the preclinical rat research of ammuxetine isomers following intragastric administration.

Objective To construct the recombinant plasmid of fusion protein containing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cytotoxicity T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope M2:81-95 and heat shock protein (HSP) 70L1, and to investigate its immunogenicity after prokaryotic expression. Methods HSP70L1 gone was cloned from SMMC7721 cells. The M2:81-95 gene fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Plasmid pET-HSP70L1-M2 : 81-95 (pET-HSP70L1-M2) was constructed, identified and transferred into E. coli BL21 (DE3). Expression of HSP70L1-M2 : 81-95(HSP70L1-M2) was induced by isopropy-β-D-thiogalaetosidc (IPTG). The expressed protein was purified by affinity chromatography and renatured by gradient dialysis. The BALB/c mice were immunized with this fusion protein. IgG antibodies and the subtypes were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and CTL responses were determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT). Results The recombinant plasmid pET-HSP70L1-M2 was successfully constructed. The fusion protein HSP70L1-M2 was expressed in E. coll. The purified protein induced strong RSV-and CTL epitope-specific CTL responses and high titer of protein specific lgG antibody 4.87±0.35. The subtypes were IgG1 (5.53±0.28) and lgG2a (4.40±0.21) and IgG1/ IgG2a ratio was balanced. The titers of lgG, IgG1 and IgG2a in PBS control group were 0.33±0.17, 0.51±0.21 and 0, respectively, which werc significantly lower than those in immunized group (t = 3.512, 3.681, 5.856; P<0.05). Conclusions The recombinant plasmid pET-HSP70L1-M2 is successfully constructed and the fusion protein is expressed and purified. HSP70L1-M2 induced strong RSV-and CTL epitope-specific CTL responses and mixed T helper cell (Th)1/Th2 response in BALB/c mice.

Indigo and indigo-like pigments are widely used in the industry of textile, food and medicine. Now people pays more and more attention to developing an alternative method of indigo production which is "environment-friendy", especially microbial biosynthesis of indigo. Many microorganisms involved in the biosynthesis of indigo have been isolated and characterized, and monooxygenase and dioxygenase have been identified to catalyze indigo biosynthesis. Some genes encoding for these enzymes have been cloned and used to construct "engineering bacteria". With this kind of bacteria, more efficient fermentation systems for indigo production have been exploited. In the meantime, biotransformation of the indigo produced by microorganisms has been under investigation. These progresses will bring us a greener method of indigo and indigo-like pigments production.
Biotechnology ; Coloring Agents ; metabolism ; Dioxygenases ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; Indigo Carmine ; Indoles ; metabolism ; Mixed Function Oxygenases ; metabolism ; Pseudomonas ; metabolism ; Sphingomonas ; metabolism

[Objective]To study the techqiue and method of using in-situ replantation of dead bone to treat infected nonunion of femur. [Method] Debridement and removal of dead bone were carried out in 2 patients who had a chunk of dead bone and multiple sinus without involucrum formation.Sterilized sequester was replanted in-situ,tibia traction was performed and continual Kawashima's irrigation was applied with sensitive antibiotic after surgery.[Result]The time of bone healing in 1 case was ten months.The patient was followed up for 42 months,there was no recurrence of osteomyelitis.The time of bone healing in another case was about 12 months,he was followed up for 30 months,there was also no recurrence in this patient.[Conclusion]Traumatic osteomyelitis complicated with a massive sequester and nonunion could be cured by process which included debridement,in-situ replantation of sterilized death bone,continual washing as well as comprehesive treatment.It could achive the two primary purposes,inflammation cure and bone healing.Among these methods,improved Kawashima's irrigation is the most important method for inflammation cure and bone union.