Objective:To explore the mediating role of aging attitude and anxiety in the relationship between self-worth and depression among the elderly.Methods:From July to August 2022, a total of 536 elderly people in Shijiazhuang University for the Elderly were surveyed by the elderly self-worth scale, generalized anxiety disorder-7(GAD-7), attitudes to aging questionnaire(AAQ) and patient health questionnaire(PHQ-9). SPSS 26.0 software was used for descriptive statistics and correlation analysis.AMOS 24.0 was used to construct an intermediation model, and Bootstrap method was used for mediating effect testing.Results:(1)The score of self-worth was 101.00 (92.00, 112.00), the score of aging attitude was 92.00 (83.00, 101.75), the score of anxiety was 2.00(0, 6.00), and the score of depression was 2.00 (0, 5.00). (2)Self-worth was positively correlated with aging attitude ( r=0.67, P<0.01), while negatively correlated with anxiety ( r=-0.45, P<0.01) and depression ( r=-0.48, P<0.01). The aging attitude was negatively correlated with anxiety ( r=-0.41, P<0.01) and depression ( r=-0.41, P<0.01). Anxiety was positively correlated with depression ( r=0.71, P<0.01). (3)The indirect effect of aging attitude between self-worth and depression in the elderly was -0.016, accounting for 19.75% (-0.016/-0.081)of the total indirect effect.The indirect effect of anxiety between self-worth and depression in the elderly was -0.045, accounting for 55.56%(-0.045/-0.081) of the total indirect effect.The chain mediating effect of aging attitude and anxiety between self-worth and depression in the elderly was -0.020, accounting for 24.69%(-0.020/-0.081) of the total indirect effect. Conclusion:Aging attitude and anxiety play a chain mediating role between self-worth and depression in the elderly.

Objective:To understand the current status and its associated factors of dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes among adolescents in Shandong Province and explore the reasons for dual use behavior.Methods:A self-administered survey was conducted among 7 999 middle school students who were selected by stratified multi-stage cluster sample method. Data were weighted and analyzed by the SPSS 25.0 complex program.Results:In Shandong Province, the prevalence rates of attempting and current dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes among adolescents appeared as 7.7% and 1.3%, respectively. Male, friends smoking, and secondhand smoke exposure in the past 7 days were risk factors for dual use. Compared with cigarette smokers, dual users have no differences in cognition and behavior in quitting smoking ( P>0.05). The main reason for dual users to smoke e-cigarettes was curiosity. Conclusions:Dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes is common among adolescents in Shandong Province, and its influencing factors are similar to traditional cigarettes. Dual use is not a transitional stage for smoking cessation. Dual users are more likely to continue smoking in the future, which should be paid attention and concern.

Kingella kingae (K. kingae) is a facultative anaerobic gram-negative bacterium that primarily colonizes the oropharynx of infants and young children. The difficulty of isolating this organism using traditional culture methods has led to underreporting, especially in developing countries. Advances in nucleic acid amplification tests, including 16S rRNA PCR and specific PCR for K. kingae, have significantly enhanced detection sensitivity in Western developed countries. K. kingae is now recognized as the leading pathogen in osteoarticular infections (OAIs) among children aged 6-48 months, overtaking Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Children affected by K. kingae OAIs often present with septic arthritis and osteomyelitis, and occasionally with conditions such as pyogenic spondylitis/discitis, pyogenic tenosynovitis, pyogenic sacroiliitis, and chest wall osteoarticular infections. These infections generally exhibit a slow progression, mild to moderate symptoms, and respond well to effective antibiotic therapy, resulting in favorable outcomes. Given the challenges of obtaining joint fluid or purulent samples from young children without anesthesia, some scholars recommend predictive models based on serological results or imaging examinations to identify K. kingae infections. However, these methods have practical limitations. Most K. kingae-related OAIs can be managed non-surgically with intravenous antibiotic therapy. In regions where K. kingae identification is feasible, β-lactam antibiotics are the treatment of choice. Otherwise, empirical therapy should cover both K. kingae and S. aureus, particularly in children aged 6-48 months. In areas with a high prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus, combination therapy with vancomycin may be warranted. Investigating the carriage rate of K. kingae among Chinese children and its detection rate in OAIs could simplify treatment procedures, improve outcomes, and optimize antibiotic use, highlighting its significant clinical importance.

Cell metabolism is one of the basic characteristics of life, and the host metabolic state is closely related to the process and outcome of viral infection. Viruses can use the metabolites in host cells to complete the life cycle. When the virus particles are adsorbed onto the surface of the susceptible cells and enter the cells, a series of biomolecules synthesized by the host cells are involved in the intracellular transport of the virus. Thus, the virus completes its replication cycle and infects more cells. Besides, metabolic reactions and metabolites can regulate the host antiviral responses at various stages of viral infection, thus affecting the outcome of viral infection. Therefore, cell metabolism plays key roles in affecting viral infection and host antiviral responses. In this paper, the effects of cell metabolism on the interaction between viruses and host cells will be described from the six stages of virus replication cycle in vivo.

The gut microbiome shows changes under a plateau environment, while the disbalance of intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, the relationship between the two remains unexplored. In this work, we followed up a healthy cohort for up to a year before and after living in a plateau environment and performed 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing analysis of their fecal samples. Through evaluating the participants' clinical symptoms, combined with an IBS questionnaire, we screened the IBS sub-population in our cohort. The sequencing results showed that a high-altitude environment could lead to changes in the diversity and composition of gut flora. In addition, we found that the longer the time volunteers spent in the plateau environment, the more similar their gut microbiota composition and abundance became compared to those before entering the plateau, and IBS symptoms were significantly alleviated. Therefore, we speculated that the plateau may be a special environment that induces IBS. The taxonomic units g_Alistipes, g_Oscillospira, and s_Ruminococcus_torques, which had been proved to play important roles in IBS pathogenesis, were also abundant in the IBS cohort at high altitudes. Overall, the disbalance of gut microbiota induced by the plateau environment contributed to the high frequency of IBS and the psychosocial abnormalities associated with IBS. Our results prompt further research to elucidate the relevant mechanism.