Objective To examine the protective effect and mechanism of formononetin on rat cardiomyocyte injury induced by hy-poxia/reoxygenation.Methods The H9C2 rat cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into the control group,hypoxia/reoxygenation group,and formononetin group.Cells in the control group were cultured in conventional incubators,and cells in the hypoxia/reoxygenation group were cultured in hypoxia incubators and conventional incubators alternately.Cells in the formononetin group were treated with 35μmol/L formononetin after incubation in the hypoxia/reoxygenation.Cell activity was tested by a cell activity detection kit.The content of oxidative stress and inflammatory response indicators were examined by related test kits.The flow cytometry and polynucleotide chain break detection technology were used to detect apoptosis levels.Western blot was used to detect the levels of apoptosis-related proteins.Results Compared with the control group,cells in the hypoxia/reoxygenation group showed decreased cell activity and increased oxida-tive stress,inflammatory damage,and apoptosis(P＜0.05).Compared with the hypoxia/reoxygenation group,cells of the formononetin group showed increased cell activity and decreased oxidative stress,inflammatory damage,and apoptosis(P＜0.05).Conclusion For-mononetin may protect against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury by reducing the apoptosis of H9C2 rat cardiomyocytes.

As main recipient cells for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine alveolar macrophage (PAM) are involved in the progress of several highly pathogenic virus infections. However, due to the fact that the PAM cells can only be obtained from primary tissues, research on PAM-based virus-host interactions remains challenging. The improvement of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technology provides a new strategy to develop IPSCs-derived PAM cells. Since the CD163 is a macrophage-specific marker and a validated receptor essential for PRRSV infection, generation of stable porcine induced pluripotent stem cells lines containing CD163 reporter system play important roles in the investigation of IPSCs-PAM transition and PAM-based virus-host interaction. Based on the CRISPR/Cas9- mediated gene editing system, we designed a sgRNA targeting CD163 locus and constructed the corresponding donor vectors. To test whether this reporter system has the expected function, the reporter system was introduced into primary PAM cells to detect the expression of RFP. To validate the low effect on stem cell pluripotency, we generated porcine iPSC lines containing CD163 reporter and assessed the pluripotency through multiple assays such as alkaline phosphatase staining, immunofluorescent staining, and EdU staining. The red-fluorescent protein (RFP) expression was detected in CD163-edited PAM cells, suggesting that our reporter system indeed has the ability to reflect the expression of gene CD163. Compared with wild-type (WT) iPSCs, the CD163 reporter-iPSCs display similar pluripotency-associated transcription factors expression. Besides, cells with the reporter system showed consistent cell morphology and proliferation ability as compared to WT iPSCs, indicating that the edited-cells have no effect on stem cell pluripotency. In conclusion, we generated porcine iPSCs that contain a CD163 reporter system. Our results demonstrated that this reporter system was functional and safe. This study provides a platform to investigate the iPS-PAM development and virus-host interaction in PAM cells.
Swine ; Animals ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics* ; Antigens, CD/metabolism* ; Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/genetics*

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of adult Chinese patients with syncope.Methods:This is a cross-sectional survey study. Patients with preliminary diagnosis of syncope in the Emergency Department, Geriatrics and Cardiology Outpatient Department, or Syncope Unit of 37 hospitals in 19 provinces, autonomous regions and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region from June 2018 to March 2021 were included in this study. The clinical features of these patients with syncope were analyzed.Results:A total of 4 950 consecutive patients with syncope were included in this study. The age was (56.3±16.8)years, and 2 604 cases (52.6%) were male. The most common type of syncope was neurally mediated syncope (2 345 (47.4%)), followed by cardiac syncope (1 085 (21.9%)), orthostatic hypotensive syncope (311 (6.3%)), and unexplained syncope accounted for nearly one third (1 155 (23.3%)). Predisposing syncope was more common in patients under 65 years of age(2 066(72.4%) vs. 786(27.6%),χ 2=136.5, P<0.001). Presyncope was more common in patients with neurally mediated syncope (1 972(79.0%) vs.1 908(73.9%), χ 2=17.756, P<0.001). Premonitory symptoms were more common in women(1 837(80.0%) vs. 1 863(73.0%),χ 2=33.432, P<0.001). Presyncope syndrome was more common in patients under 65 years of age (2 482(77.8%) vs. 1 218(73.4%),χ 2=17.523, P=0.001). Cyanosis was more common in ≥65 years old patients (271(18.2%) vs. 369(12.7%), χ 2=23.235, P<0.001). Urinary incontinence was more common in old patients aged ≥65 years(252(15.2%) vs. 345(10.8%), χ 2=19.313, P<0.001). Family history was more common in patients with cardiogenic syncope compared with other types of syncope (264(24.3%) vs. 754(19.5%), χ 2=11.899, P=0.001). Hypertention(1 480(30.5%)), coronary heart disease(1 057(21.4%)), atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation(359(7.2%)), second degree atrioventricular block(236(4.8%)) were common complications of syncope. The proportion of patients with coronary heart disease was significantly higher in cardiac syncope than that of other types of syncope(417(38.4%) vs. 640(16.6%), χ 2=241.376, P<0.001). Other common complications included cerebrovascular diseases (551 (11.1%)) and diabetes mellitus (632(12.8%)). Conclusions:Neurally mediated syncope is the most common syncope in adult Chinese population. Patients with predisposing conditions and premonitory conditions are younger. Presyncope is more common in women. The proportion of family history and coronary heart disease is higher in patients with cardiogenic syncope.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a type of cells similar to embryonic stem cells but produced by reprogramed somatic cells. Through in vitro differentiation of iPSCs, we can interrogate the evolution history as well as the various characteristics of macrophages. iPSCs derived macrophages are not only a good model for drug screening, but also an important approach for immunotherapy. This review summarizes the advances, challenges, and future directions in the field of iPSCs-derived macrophages.
Cell Differentiation ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Macrophages

Objective : To compare the clinical characteristics of ordinary and severe coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) cases, so as to provide basis for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Methods : We recruited 77 COVID-19 cases in Wenzhou Central Hospital from January 15 to February 29, 2020, collected their general information, clinical symptoms, laboratory test and CT scan results, and compared the clinical features of ordinary and severe cases. Results: There were 50 ordinary cases and 27 severe cases. The age, prevalence of hypertension and other baseline diseases of severe cases were higher than those of ordinary cases ( P<0.05 ) . The maximum body temperature during 1-3 days of hospitalization, proportion of body temperature rising, prevalence of cough, yellow phlegm, hemoptysis, chest tightness and shortness of breath of severe cases were higher than those of ordinary cases ( all P<0.05 ) . The proportion of pulmonary consolidation, glazing and patch shadow, the number of solid changes and the cumulative number of lesions of severe cases were higher than those of ordinary cases ( all P<0.05 ) . The values of LYM during 1-10 days of hospitalization, total T-lymphocyte percentage, CD4 count and percentage, CD8 count, Hb and oxygenation index of severe cases were lower than those of ordinary cases; while the values of LDH and NLR during 1-10 days of hospitalization, N8R, AST, ferritin, CRP during 1-7 days of hospitalization and D-dimer of severe cases were higher than those of ordinary cases ( all P<0.05 ). Conclusions Severe COVID-19 cases have older age, higher prevalence of baseline diseases, fever, shortness of breath symptoms, more lung consolidation and lesions, significantly decreased lymphocyte level ( especially CD4 ) , and increased LDH, NLR, ferritin and CRP.

Objective    To investigate the preoperative localization of pulmonary glabrous nodules. Methods    A total of 192 patients admitted to General Hospital of  Northern Theater Command from April 2012 to September 2019 were selected for the study. There were 95 males and 97 females at an age of 56.47±11.79 years. All patients completed preoperative examination, and were divided into a positioning group (n=97) and a non-positioning group (n=95) according to whether the preoperative positioning was performed. And the surgical indicators between the two groups were compared. According to the substance of ground-glass opacity, they were divided into a pure ground-glass nodules group (n=23) and a mixed ground-glass nodules group (n=74) in the positioning group and a pure ground-glass nodules group (n=14) and a mixed ground-glass nodules group (n=81) in the non-positioning group . According to the size and distance of the nodules from the pleura and whether the nodules could be detected, the corresponding linear function was obtained. Results    The operative time of methylene blue localization group was shorter than that of the no localization group. In the scatter plot, the corresponding diameter and depth of the nodules and the corresponding coordinate points which can be explored were described. And linear regression was performed on all the coordinate points to obtain the linear function: depth=0.648×diameter–1.446 (mm). It can be used as an indication for the preoperative localization of pure ground-glass nodules in Da Vinci robotic surgery. Linear function: depth=0.559 5×diameter+0.56 (mm). It can be used as an indication of preoperative localization of mixed ground-glass nodules in Da Vinci robotic surgery. Conclusion    This equation can be used as a preoperative indication for clinical peripheral pulmonary ground-glass nodules.

Objective:To investigate the effect of nurse-led multiple disciplinary team-based intervention in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in paitents undergoing general surgery.Methods:A total of 118 patients who underwent general surgery in the Tianjin First Central Hospital from May 2017 to October 2018 were divided into study group and control group by random digits table method, with 59 cases in each group. The control group received routine thrombosis prevention nursing, the study group carried out nurse-led multiple disciplinary team-based intervention. The condition of lower limbs deep venous hemodynamic was detected by color Doppler ultrasonography at 3 days after surgery, the levels of D-dimer, thrombelastograph coagulation analyzer (TEG) coagulation parameters were also measured at after 24 hours of admission and postoperative day 3, respectively.Results:The vein blood stasis rate was 94.9% (3/59) in the study group, 79.7% (12/59) in the control group, the venous blood flow of the lower 1imbs in the study group was better than that in the control group ( Z value was 2.477, P<0.05). At 3 days after surgery, the levels of D-dimer were (5.26±1.42) mg/L in the study group, (6.36±1.58) mg/L in the control group, D-dimer was decreased in study group compared to the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 3.991, P<0.05). Coagulation reaction time(R) value and solidification angle(Angel), maximum thrombus intensity(MA), composite coagulation index(CI) levels were (5.30±0.91) min, (69.64±21.93) deg, (65.40±13.76) mm and (1.23±0.20) in the study group, those index were (4.41±0.75) min, (76.64±16.02) deg, (70.98±13.39) mm, (2.09±0.36) in the control group, R value were increased and Angel, MA, CI levels were decreased in the study group compared to the control group ( t value was 2.001-15.997, P<0.05). Conclusions:Nurse-led multiple disciplinary team-based intervention improves the lower limbs deep venous hemodynamic and coagulation function, as well as reduce the incidence of venous thromboembolism.

Objective:To evaluate the imaging features of CT scan in patients with COVID-19.Methods:Clinical data of 56 patients with COVID-19 from January 17 to 19, 2020 admitted to Wenzhou Central Hospital and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical manifestations, lung imaging characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with different severity were analyzed with SAS software.Results:Fever (92.8%, 52/56), dry cough (75.0%, 42/56) and asthenia (58.9%, 33/56) were the first symptoms in most of the patients; some patients also had shortness of breath (25.0%, 14/56) and pharyngeal pain (10.7%, 6/56). Chest high-resolution CT scan showed that in 42 moderate patients, ground glass-like high-density shadows in the lung were observed in 30 cases (71.4%) ; localized plaque consolidation shadows and bronchial inflation signs were observed in 10 cases (23.8%). In 12 severe patients, 11 had high-density patches involving multiple lung lobes (≥3). In 2 critically ill patients the patches and stripes involving the entire lung were observed; and cord-like high-density shadow, local consolidation and fibrosis were also shown.Conclusion:The multiple ground-glass changes outside the lungs are early imaging manifestations of COVID-19 patients. The increase in pulmonary lobe consolidation and fibrosis may indicate the disease progression, and the degree of lung consolidation and fibrosis is closely related to the disease severity.

Objective To explore the effects of multidisciplinary cooperative continuous nursing on psychological state and life quality of patients with breast cancer. Methods A total of 105 patients with breast cancer who were to be discharged within February to June 2016 were selected and divided into observation group (n=54) and control group (n=51) randomly. The control group received only routine discharge health education, while the observation group received the multidisciplinary cooperation continuous nursing performed by nurses, doctors, psychologists and nutritionist through wechat, QQ software, telephone interview and patients' clubs. After follow-up for 12 weeks, patients of the two groups were evaluated by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and function assessment of cancer therapy-breast cancer (FACT-B). Results The scores of SAS and SDS in the observation group were (34.18±5.34), (35.73±4.26), and (56.35±7.12), (49.36±6.32) in the control group respectively. The differences were statistically significant (t=21.890,18.340; P<0.01). The total score of life quality of the observation group and the control group was (87.21±6.53) and (82.65±5.34) respectively, with statistical significance (t=3.330, P< 0.01). Conclusions Implementing of multidisciplinary cooperative continuous nursing in patients with breast cancer can reduce anxiety and depression, improve patients' psychological state and quality of life.

Objective To investigate the value of intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging (IVIM-MRI)on monitoring impairment of renal function in hydronephrosis.Methods Left hydronephrosis model of Healthy New-Zealand rabbits made by ureteral incomplete obstruction were scanned by IVIM-MRI at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks.The change of IVIM-MRI quantitative parameters (ADC values, D values, D* values, and f values) in left hydronephrosis kidney were observed.The correlation between these parameters and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were evaluated.Results ADC values, D values, D* values and f values at cortex and medulla in left hydronephrosis model of rabbits decreased gradually in the progression of renal damage after 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks.For D value, f value and ADC values, there was statistical significant difference among the group of 12 weeks, the group of 16 weeks, the control group, and the group of 4 weeks;statistical significant difference was also observed between the group of 8 weeks and the group of 16 weeks by LSD contrast.ADC values, D values, D* values, and f values were positively correlated to GFR at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks for left hydronephrosis model of rabbits.Conclusion IVIM-MRI could monitor impairment of renal function in hydronephrosis dynamically.