Vascular dementia （VD） is a chronic progressive cognitive impairment caused by cerebrovascular diseases. Its pathogenesis is complex， primarily involving brain tissue damage due to factors such as neuronal apoptosis， oxidative stress response， inflammatory reaction， ferroptosis， and mitochondrial damage. Among these， oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development of VD. It leads to the accumulation of free radicals， disrupts cellular structures， and is closely related to inflammatory reactions， mitochondrial damage， ferroptosis， and neuronal apoptosis， together forming a complex pathogenic network. In recent years， monomeric compounds from traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） have shown significant therapeutic effects on VD through the regulation of oxidative stress. This article reviews the relevant research progress and explores the mechanisms of oxidative stress in VD. Oxidative stress regulates inflammatory reactions through factors such as Nrf2， NLRP3， and NF-κB； mediates mitochondrial damage by disrupting mitochondrial function and dynamics through excessive reactive oxygen species （ROS）； induces ferroptosis through lipid peroxidation， iron metabolism， and glutathione metabolism； and activates apoptotic proteins via pathways such as protein denaturation， DNA modification， endoplasmic reticulum stress， and death receptors， thereby inducing neuronal apoptosis. Additionally， this article summarizes the therapeutic approaches of TCM monomers in treating VD through the regulation of oxidative stress and its related mechanisms. For example， curcumin reduces ROS levels and enhances antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities； gastrodin alleviates mitochondrial damage mediated by oxidative stress， improves energy metabolism， and inhibits ferroptosis； dendrobium polysaccharides mitigate oxidative stress and subsequently inhibit ferroptosis； and triptolide enhances antioxidant capacity， reduces cell apoptosis， and slows the progression of VD. It is hoped that this review will provide insights for future experimental mechanism studies and clinical applications of TCM monomers targeting oxidative stress in the treatment of VD.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of Anaplasma infections in sheep and goats in Anhui Province in 2020, so as to provide insights into ovine anaplasmosis prevention and control. Methods A total of 355 fresh blood samples were collected from 7 sheep and goat farms in Linquan County of Fuyang City, Lixin County of Bozhou City, Yu'an District of Lu'an City, Wangjiang County of Anqing City, Nanling County of Wuhu City, and Tianchang City and Fengyang County of Chuzhou City in Anhui Province from June to December 2020. A. bovis and A. phagocytophilum 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene, A. ovis major surface protein 4 (MSP4) gene and A. capra citric acid synthase (gltA) gene were amplified using PCR assay in all blood samples, and the prevalence of A. bovis, A. phagocytophilum, A. ovis and A. capra infections was calculated in sheep and goats. In addition, the positive amplification products were sequenced and subjected to genetic evolutionary analysis. Results The overall prevalence of Anaplasma infections was 17.5% (62/355) in sheep and goats in Anhui Province, and the prevalence of A. bovis, A. phagocytophilum, A. ovis and A. capra infections was 2.8% (10/355), 2.5% (9/355), 2.5% (9/355), and 7.0% (25/355), while the prevalence of A. bovis and A. phagocytophilum, A. phagocytophilum and A. ovis, A. phagocytophilum and A. capra and A. bovis, A. phagocytophilum and A. ovis co-infections was 0.8% (3/355), 1.1% (4/355), 0.3% (1/355) and 0.3% (1/355), respectively. No Anaplasma was detected in the sheep and goat farms in Fengyang County, while at least three Anaplasma species were detected in other sheep and goat farms, with co-infections of multiple Anaplasma species identified. The prevalence of Anaplasma infections was 14.7% (24/163) in goats and 19.8% (38/192) in sheep, and the prevalence of Anaplasma infections was 31.0% (31/100) in goats and sheep under 6 months of age, and 12.2% (31/255) in goats and sheep at ages of 6 months and older, respectively. A. bovis, A. phagocytophilum, A. ovis and A. capra were identified in sheep and goats of different breeds and ages. Conclusions Multiple Anaplasma species infections were commonly prevalent in goats and sheep in Anhui Province in 2020, notably A. phagocytophilum, A. ovis and A. capra, which have zoonotic risks. Improved surveillance and prevention and control of Anaplasma infections are required in sheep and goats in Anhui Province.

Objective:To explore the relationship between knowledge of a friend's non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior and self injury and suicide behaviors of adolescents.Methods:From January 2020 to January 2021, totally 1 683 students from a middle school in Xiamen were randomly selected by cluster sampling.The suicide items of the self-injurious thoughts and behaviors interview(SITBT) were used to assess whether students were aware of their friends' self injurious history and their self injurious behaviors.The suicide items of the mini international neuropsychiatric interview for children and adolescents (MINI-KID) were used to assess students' suicide ideation and behavior.The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 21.0 software.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between knowledge of a friend's NSSI and adolescents' own self-reported NSSI and suicidal behaviors.Results:A total of 1 683 junior and senior high school students completed the survey, including 412 (24.4%) who knew their friend's NSSI history and 1 271 (75.6%) who did not know their friend's NSSI history.There were statistically significant differences between the adolescents known and unknown friends' NSSI histories in terms of age, gender, whether they were left-behind children, mental disorders, their own NSSI, suicide attempts, and suicidal ideation (all P<0.05). Knowledge of a friend's NSSI behavior had positive predictive effect on adolescents' own NSSI behavior ( β=0.558, OR=2.01, 95% CI=1.58-3.88), suicidal ideation( β=0.238, OR=3.03, 95% CI=2.08-5.55), and suicide attempts ( β=0.233, OR=2.88, 95% CI=1.55-5.45) (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Knowledge of a friend's NSSI behavior may have an impact on adolescents' own self-injury and suicidal behavior.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and molecular features of Cryptosporidium in captive-bred Mustela putorius furo in Jiangsu Province.. Methods A total of 290 fresh stool samples were collected from a ferret farm in Jiangsu Province on May 2017, and the small subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) gene of Cryptosporidium was amplified in stool samples using nested PCR assay. The actin, cowp and gp60 genes were amplified in positive samples and sequenced to characterize Cryptosporidium species/genotypes. Results A total of 18 stool samples were tested positive for Cryptosporidium SSU rRNA gene, with a detection rate of 6.2%. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of SSU rRNA, actin and cowp genes characterized Cryptosporidium isolated from captive-bred ferrets as Cryptosporidium sp. ferret genotype. In addition, gp60 gene was amplified in 10 out of 18 stool samples tested positive for Cryptosporidium. Conclusions Cryptosporidium is widely prevalent in captive-bred ferrets in Jiangsu Province, and Cryptosporidium sp. ferret genotype is the only Cryptosporidium genotype in ferrets.

Objective:To investigate the relationship of etiology and complications of rhabdomyolysis with its prognosis in the elderly.Methods:Patients with rhabdomyolysis at the emergency department of our hospital from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Based on age, patients were divided into the non-elderly group(<65 years old)and the elderly group(≥65 years old). The frequency distribution of etiological factors, concurrent acute kidney injury, and their association with prognosis were analyzed.Results:The number of patients with rhabdomyolysis caused by 2 or more etiologies was higher in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group(40.3% or 48/119 vs.17.0% or 16/94, χ2=13.582, P=0.000). The frequency distribution of etiological factors was different between the two groups.The top-five etiologies were infection, muscle ischemia/hypoxia, endocrine metabolic abnormalities, trauma and muscle fatigue in the elderly group and muscle fatigue, infection, endocrine metabolic abnormalities, drugs/toxicants and trauma in the non-elderly group.Compared with the non-elderly group, the elderly group had fewer patients with typical clinical manifestations(32.8% or 39/119 vs.48.9% or 46/94, χ2=5.067, P=0.024). In contrast, patients who newly presented with disturbance of consciousness were more likely to be found in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group(40.3% or 48/119 vs.21.3% or 20/94)( χ2=7.923, P=0.005). There were 37 patients with AKI(38.9% or 37/95)in the elderly group and 13 of them died(35.1%), and there were 17 patients with AKI in the non-elderly group(19.3% or 17/88)and 4 died(23.5%), indicating the elderly were prone to AKI( χ2=7.545, P=0.006). There was a significant correlation between AKI and prognosis in the non-elderly group( χ2=7.196, P=0.007). Conclusions:Rhabdomyolysis caused by multiple etiologies is more common in elderly patients than in non-elderly patients.The etiological classification of rhabdomyolysis in the elderly is different from that in the non-elderly.Elderly patients are less likely to have typical clinical manifestations and are more prone to AKI.Elderly patients with rhabdomyolysis combined with AKI have a poor prognosis.

Objective: To investigate the effects of luteolin on the invasion and migration of the human tongue squamous carcinoma cell line SCCl5. Methods : SCC15 cells were treated with various concentrations of luteolin (5, 10, 15, 20, 40 and 60 μg/mL) for 24, 48 and 72 h. The MTT assay was then carried out to estimate the proliferation of SCC15 cells treated with various concentrations of luteolin. SCC15 cells were treated with various concentrations of luteolin (1, 5 and 10 μg/mL), and the migration of SCC15 cells was examined in wound healing assays. SCC15 cells were treated with various concentrations of luteolin (5 and 10 μg/mL) for 24 h, and the migration and invasion of the cells were examined in Transwell migration/invasion assays. SCC15 cells were treated with various concentrations of luteolin (10, 20 and 40 μg/mL) for 24 h, and the conditioned medium was collected. The levels of the gelatinases matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 (MMP-2, MMP-9) in the conditional medium were detected by gelatin zymography assays. Results : The MTT assay showed that luteolin had a substantial inhibitory effect on the proliferation of SCC15 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.01). The migration, invasion and proliferation of the SCCl5 cell lines were significantly lower after treatment with luteolin than in the control. The numbers of migrating and invading SCCl5 cells were 340.00 ± 22.94, 52.67 ± 6.94 and 6.57 ± 0.80 versus 85.67 ± 5.18, 39.67 ± 4.63 and 2.67 ± 0.29, respectively (P < 0.01). The enzyme activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 decreased significantly in response to luteolin treatment in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.01). Conclusion Luteolin inhibited the invasion and migration of SCC15 cells by reducing the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9.

Objective To summarize the epidemiological characteristics of ankle fractures and clinical outcome of open reduction and fixation for the treatment of posterior Pilon fracture with supporting plate. Methods From January 1st,2013 to December 31st,2016,the data of three hundred and twelve patients with ankle fracture in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University were collected, and 21 cases of posterior Pilon fracture were treated with open reduction and fixation using supporting plate and were followed up,the ankle function was assessed by American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle hindfoot scale. Results There were 312 patients with ankle fractures,180 males,132 females. The age distribution of patients was as follows:1. 28%,12. 82%,14. 42%,24. 04%,28. 53%,11. 54%,6. 09% and 1. 28% in the following age group:≥18 and≤20 years of age,>20 and ≤30 years of age,>30 and ≤40 years of age,40> and ≤50 years of age,>50 and≤60 years of age,>60 and ≤70 years of age,>70 and ≤80 years of age and >80years of age. Traffic accidents (49%),sprains(31%),falling injury (11%),heavy pound(6%) were the main causes of ankle fractures. In terms of fracture types,238 (76. 2%) cases with lateral malleolus,235 (75. 3%) cases with medial malleolus fractures,161 (51. 6%) cases with posterior malleolus,and 105 (33. 7%) cases with trimalleolar fracture,21 (6. 8%)cases with posterior Pilon fracture. 21 patients with posterior Pilon fracture were followed up for 13. 0 to 56. 0 months,with an average of (31. 7±12. 6) months. Postoperative incision infection occurred in 3 patients,of which 1 cases had mild external leakage,and all wounds healed after dressing change. No fracture and screw prolapse occurred in all follow-up patients. The average score of AOFAS was (87. 2± 7. 1) points,of which 9 cases were excellent,10 cases were good,and 2 cases were fair. Conclusion Patients with ankle fractures were more common in males aged 60 and below,while in patients above 60 years old,the majority patients were females. In addition,patients aged 40 to 60 years old accounts for more than half of the population and the most common age group were between 50 and 60 years old. Traffic accidents and sprains are the common causes. The incidence of different fracture types in descending order were as follows: lateral malleolus fractures, medial malleolus fractures,posterior malleolus fractures and trimalleolar fractures. Pilon fracture was a common type of ankle fracture. Clinical outcome of open reduction and fixation for the treatment of posterior Pilon fracture with supporting plate was satisfied.

Objective To investigate the predicting value of serial serum human stromelysin-2 (ST2)testing on prognosis in elderly patients with acute heart failure(AHF).Methods 75 AHF patients aged 60 to 90 were selected in our study who were in Beijing Hospital during 2013.1 ～ 2014.8,blood sampling of serum ST2 took place at admission and 72-96 h later.Moreover,38 healthy people aged 70 to 80 were chosen as control group.Follow-up was performed 1 year after acute attack.We defined the end of observation as recurrence of heart failure or any cause of death.The data was analyzed by SPSS19.0.Results Among 55 AHF patients,sST2 level was higher in patients with endpoint events than those without it on the two moment(P=0.000).And we found that the change in sST2 was higher in patients with endpoint events than those without it(P=0.023);and the percentage change in sST2 was also significantly different(P=0.033).Receiver operator curve analysis of the change in sST2 from baseline to 72-96 h later was strongly reflective of prognosis with area under the curve(AUC) of 0.696(P=0.013).And the change in sST2 Combined with the sST2 level at admission to predict the prognosis of AHF,the result would be more exciting,the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is 0.861 (P ＜ 0.001).The endpoint event rate of the patients whose level of sST2 at admission was below 1408 ng/L and the change level in sST2 below 101 ng/L was 21.4％(3/14),while the data in patients whose level of sST2 at admission is above 1 408 ng/L and the change level in sST2 above 100 ng/L was 85.7％(12/14).Conclusions in elderly patients of AHF,sST2 elevate markedly.The result shows that the level of sST2 may be used to evaluate AHF prognosis.And the change in sST2 are able to predict the prognosis of AHF.Compared with NT-proBNP,serial sST2 testing appears to be a promising candidate for monitoring these patients.

We evaluated clinical application effect of gene chip for detection of rifampin (RFP) and isoniazid (INH) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).Rifampin and isoniazid drug-resistance gene loci were detected by gene chip with sputum specimens from smear-positive tuberculosis patients and clinical strains,comparing the results of detection.BACTEC MGIT 960 drug susceptibility test results were used as control to evaluate the detection performance of gene chip.The sequences of the polymerase chain reaction products of the rpoB,katG and inhA genes from 999 strains identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis were determined to confirm the mutations by DNA sequencing.Results showed that 100 cases were identified as nontuberculous mycobacteria by gene chip in the 1 108 cases of smear-positive samples.Among the rest 1 008 samples,there were only 9 cases of microarray results different from BACTEC MGIT960 culture-positive strains,achieving the coincidences of 99.1％.Compared with BACTEC MGIT 960 drug susceptibility test results,the gene chip method displayed a concordance of 98.1 ％ and 94.5 ％ for RFP and INH respectively in the 999 strains.Compared with the DNA sequencing method,the accuracy of gene chip method was 99.6％ for rifampin resistance and 99.8％ for isoniazid resistance.It's concluded that the gene chip technology can quickly and accurately detect rifampin and isoniazid resistance in MTB and can be used directly for the detection of sputum samples.

Specific to the existing problems of uneven distribution of resources in the medical industry,especially the shortage of grass-root high-quality medical resources,the paper introduces the construction objective,overall architecture and construction contents of regional medical collaboration,and normalizes the medical service process through informationalized technological means,in order to promote standardized construction of the regional medical information system and information interconnection and intercommunication.